Increase of niche filling with increase of host richness for plant-infecting mastreviruses.

Now that it has been realized that viruses are ubiquitous, questions have been raised on factors influencing their diversity and distribution. For phytoviruses, understanding the interplay between plant diversity and virus species richness and prevalence remains cardinal. As both the amplification and the dilution of viral species richness due to increasing host diversity have been theorized and observed, a deeper understanding of how plants and viruses interact in natural environments is needed to explore how host availability conditions viral diversity and distributions.

First report of saffron-associated mastrevirus 1 from saffron in Iran.

In spring 2022, 40 leaf samples of saffron plants harboring a wide variety of symptoms, including curling, yellowing, mosaic, dwarfing and leaf malformation were collected from three Khorasan provinces in Iran. These samples were processed using the virion-associated nucleic acid-based metagenomics approach (Moubset et al., 2022).

A national portrait of the well-being of remarried and previously married cohabiting older adults.

Objectives: Mounting evidence signals that cohabitation operates as an alternative to remarriage in later life. However, others have maintained that cohabitation is an incomplete institution marked by less favorable outcomes than remarriage. We appraise these two frameworks by examining the well-being of remarried and previously married cohabiting older adults.

Impaired maternal central hemodynamics precede the onset of vascular disorders of pregnancy at high altitude.

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy represent an escalating global health concern with increasing incidence in low- to middle-income countries and high-income countries alike. The current lack of methods to detect the subclinical stages of preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR), two common vascular disorders of pregnancy, limits treatment options to minimize acute- and long-term adverse outcomes for both mother and child. To determine whether impaired maternal cardiovascular or uteroplacental vascular function precedes the onset of PE and/or FGR (PE-FGR), we used noninvasive techniques to obtain serial measurements of maternal cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and uterine and fetal arterial resistance at , -, and for 79 maternal-infant pairs in La Paz-El Alto, Bolivia (3,850 m), where the chronic hypoxia of high altitude increases the incidence of PE and FGR.

Does Hypoxia Prompt Fetal Brain-Sparing in the Absence of Fetal Growth Restriction?

The fetus develops normally in a hypoxic environment but exaggerated hypoxia late in pregnancy is a worrisome sign often observed in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, placental insufficiency, or fetal growth restriction (FGR). Serial fetal biometry and the cerebroplacental ratio (CPR, calculated as the middle cerebral artery [MCA] / the umbilical artery [UmbA] pulsatility indices [PI]), are commonly used to indicate fetal "brain sparing" resulting from exaggerated fetal hypoxia. But unclear is the extent to which a low CPR indicates pathology or is a physiological response for maintaining cerebral blood flow.

Measurement opportunities for studying sexual and gender diverse partnerships in population-based surveys.

Objective: This article outlines for family scholars and researchers designing surveys or searching for data on sexual and gender-diverse (SGD) families the latest methodological advancements in United States population-based surveys for studying SGD partnerships by reviewing five recently collected, publicly available, population-representative data sets.

Background: LGBTQIA+ adults and SGD partnerships are an expanding demographic group in the United States. Yet, measurement limitations have restricted studies of these partnerships that use population-based studies.

Maternal adiponectin restores cholinergic vasodilation in resistance vessels from adult offspring exposed to maternal obesity .

Maternal obesity increases the risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disease in the offspring both during childhood and adult life. Pregnant women and mice with obesity have lower circulating levels of adiponectin (ADN) compared to lean controls. ADN is an adipokine involved in regulating energy metabolism, vascular function, and placental function.

Biological outliers: essential elements to understand the causes and consequences of reductions in maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII in plants.

By studying Cistus albidus shrubs in their natural habitat, we show that biological outliers can help us to understand the causes and consequences of maximum photochemical efficiency decreases in plants, thus reinforcing the importance of integrating these often-neglected data into scientific practice. Outliers are individuals with exceptional traits that are often excluded of data analysis. However, this may result in very important mistakes not accurately capturing the true trajectory of the population, thereby limiting our understanding of a given biological process.

Guidelines for assessing maternal cardiovascular physiology during pregnancy and postpartum.

Maternal mortality rates are at an all-time high across the world and are set to increase in subsequent years. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death during pregnancy and postpartum, especially in the United States. Therefore, understanding the physiological changes in the cardiovascular system during normal pregnancy is necessary to understand disease-related pathology.

Knee Buckling as an Atypical Adverse Effect of Clozapine: A Case Report.

Clozapine has become a widely popular and effective medication in the treatment of refractory schizophrenia and refractory bipolar disorder. Although the use of clozapine proves to be an effective resort, it has to be closely monitored due to its narrow therapeutic range and multiple dangerous adverse effects. In rare cases, clozapine has been known to cause an antagonistic myoclonic jerk that leads to knee buckling.

Virome release of an invasive exotic plant species in southern France.

The increase in human-mediated introduction of plant species to new regions has resulted in a rise of invasive exotic plant species (IEPS) that has had significant effects on biodiversity and ecosystem processes. One commonly accepted mechanism of invasions is that proposed by the enemy release hypothesis (ERH), which states that IEPS free from their native herbivores and natural enemies in new environments can outcompete indigenous species and become invasive. We here propose the virome release hypothesis (VRH) as a virus-centered variant of the conventional ERH that is only focused on enemies.

Surviving birth at high altitude.

This Symposium Review examines challenges to surviving birth and infancy at high altitudes. Chronic exposure to the environmental hypoxia of high altitudes increases the incidence of maternal vascular disorders of pregnancy characterized by placental insufficiency, restricted fetal growth and preterm delivery, and impairs pulmonary vascular health during infancy. While each condition independently contributes to excess morbidity and mortality in early life, evidence indicates vascular disorders of pregnancy and infantile pulmonary vascular dysfunction are intertwined.

Microbial functional pathways based on metatranscriptomic profiling enable effective saliva-based health assessments for precision wellness.

It is increasingly recognized that an important step towards improving overall health is to accurately measure biomarkers of health from the molecular activities prevalent in the oral cavity. We present a general methodology for computationally quantifying the activity of microbial functional pathways using metatranscriptomic data. We describe their implementation as a collection of eight oral pathway scores using a large salivary sample dataset (n = 9350), and we evaluate score associations with oropharyngeal disease phenotypes within an unseen independent cohort (n = 14,129).

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: is there a relationship between Risser staging and the proximal humerus ossification system?

Purpose: To evaluate whether there is a mismatch between Risser staging and the proximal humerus ossification system (PHOS); and to analyze the correlation in the skeletal maturity stages between the two humeral epiphyses.

Methods: Data from patients aged 10 to 18 years with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) seen between 2018 to 2021 were analyzed. In an anteroposterior (AP) spine radiograph the ossification process was evaluated using the Risser classification method and bilateral PHOS (if both humeral epiphyses were visualized).

Correlational study of ergonomic knowledge and level of MSK discomfort during online classes of 1st-4th year UST-CRS physical therapy students: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The abrupt transition of the mode of learning due to the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in an increase in complaints of musculoskeletal (MSK) discomfort among students in Higher Education Institutions (HEI). Inadequate physical space and equipment are one major cause of these complaints. Among HEIs, physical therapy (PT) students have sufficient background in managing MSK discomforts.

Genomic Selection Signals in Andean Highlanders Reveal Adaptive Placental Metabolic Phenotypes That Are Disrupted in Preeclampsia.

Background: The chronic hypoxia of high-altitude residence poses challenges for tissue oxygen supply and metabolism. Exposure to high altitude during pregnancy increases the incidence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and fetal growth restriction and alters placental metabolism. High-altitude ancestry protects against altitude-associated fetal growth restriction, indicating hypoxia tolerance that is genetic in nature.

Historical Review of Sugarcane Streak Mosaic Virus that Has Recently Emerged in Africa.

Sugarcane streak mosaic virus (SCSMV), now assigned to the genus of the family , was reported for the first time in 1932 in Louisiana and was believed to be strain F of sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) for more than six decades. SCMV-F was renamed SCSMV in 1998 after partial sequencing of its genome and phylogenetic investigations. Following the development of specific molecular diagnostic methods in the 2000s, SCSMV was recurrently found in sugarcane exhibiting streak mosaic symptoms in numerous Asian countries but not in the Western hemisphere or in Africa.

Gray Divorce During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objectives: Drawing on emerging evidence that the pandemic appears to have impeded both the divorce process and actual divorces, we examined whether the gray divorce rate (i.e., divorce among adults aged 50+) declined following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Increased adherence to ACOG diagnostic guidelines for HDP following a workshop in Bolivia, a LMIC.

Objectives: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) exert a heavy mortality burden in low- to middle-income countries (LMIC). ACOG revised HDP diagnostic guidelines to improve identifying pregnancies at greatest risk but whether they are used in LMIC is unknown.

Study Design: We held a workshop to review ACOG guidelines in La Paz, Bolivia (BO) and then reviewed prenatal, labor and delivery records for all HDP diagnoses and twice as many controls at its three largest delivery sites during the year before and the nine months after a workshop (n = 1376 cases, 2851 controls during the two periods).

Altered placental ion channel gene expression in preeclamptic high-altitude pregnancies.

High-altitude (>2,500 m) residence increases the risk of pregnancy vascular disorders such as fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia, each characterized by impaired placental function. Genetic attributes of highland ancestry confer relative protection against vascular disorders of pregnancy at high altitudes. Although ion channels have been implicated in placental function regulation, neither their expression in high-altitude placentas nor their relationship to high-altitude preeclampsia has been determined.

Detecting salivary host and microbiome RNA signature for aiding diagnosis of oral and throat cancer.

Objective: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) can go undetected resulting in late detection and poor outcomes. We describe the development and validation of CancerDetect for Oral & Throat cancer™ (CDOT), to detect markers of OSCC and/or OPSCC within a high-risk population.

Material And Methods: We collected saliva samples from 1,175 individuals who were 50 years or older, or adults with a tobacco use history.