Anemia and hematinic deficiencies in gastric parietal cell antibody-positive and antibody-negative erosive oral lichen planus patients with thyroid antibody positivity.

Background/purpose: Serum gastric parietal cell antibody (GPCA), thyroglobulin antibody (TGA), and thyroid microsomal antibody (TMA) are found in some erosive oral lichen planus (EOLP) patients. This study assessed whether serum GPCA, TGA and TMA and EOLP itself played significant roles in causing anemia and hematinic deficiencies in TGA/TMA-positive EOLP patients with GPCA positivity (GPCA/TGA/TMA/EOLP patients) or negativity (GPCA/TGA/TMA/EOLP patients).

Methods: The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean blood hemoglobin (Hb), iron, vitamin B12, and folic acid levels were measured and compared between any two of the four groups of 29 GPCA/TGA/TMA/EOLP patients, 80 GPCA/TGA/TMA/EOLP patients, 198 all antibodies-negative EOLP patients (Abs/EOLP patients), and 218 healthy control individuals.

Do all the patients with vitamin B12 deficiency have pernicious anemia?

Background: Vitamin B12 deficiency may result in pernicious anemia (PA). This study evaluated whether all the patients with vitamin B12 deficiency had PA.

Methods: The blood hemoglobin (Hb), iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, and homocysteine concentrations and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in 90 vitamin B12-deficient patients were measured and compared with the corresponding data in 180 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects.

Hepatocyte FRS2α is essential for the endocrine fibroblast growth factor to limit the amplitude of bile acid production induced by prandial activity.

In addition to being positively regulated by prandial activity, bile acid production is also negatively controlled by the endocrine fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) or the mouse ortholog FGF15 from the ileum that represses hepatic cholesterol 7 α-hydroxylase (Cyp7a1) expression through activating FGF receptor four (FGFR4). However, how these two regulatory mechanisms interplay to control bile acid homeostasis in the body and the downstream pathways by which FGFR4 regulates Cyp7a1 expression are not fully understood. Here we report that hepatocyte FGFR substrate 2α (FRS2α), a scaffold protein essential for canonical FGFRs to activate the ERK and AKT pathways, was required for the regulation of bile acid production by the FGF15/19-FGFR4 signaling axis.