Objectives: Hearing loss is a highly prevalent condition; however, it is widely under-treated, and Black Americans have been found to have significantly lower rates of hearing aid utilization than other ethnic/racial groups. In this exploratory study, we aimed to identify hearing health beliefs among Black adults, guided by the Health Belief Model, with social determinants of health, and examine individual differences in these perspectives.
Design: The Hearing Beliefs Questionnaire (HBQ) was administered online to measure constructs of the Health Belief Model among 200 Black adults aged 18 to 75 ( M = 39.
Outer and middle ear pathologies are known to disproportionately affect low-income countries but data is limited. We aim to quantify the prevalence rate of patients presenting with middle/outer ear pathologies at ABC Hearing Clinic and Training Centre in Lilongwe, Malawi. Audiological consultations (adult and paediatric) from 2018-2020 were reviewed for outer and middle ear pathologies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study aims to identify dominant causative pathogens of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns. The secondary objective is to assess the cholesteatoma concurrence among this population.
Study Design: A prospective descriptive study.
Background: The discovery of penicillin marked a paradigm shift in medicine with the ability to treat previously life-threatening infections. Increasing antibiotic resistance as well as the risk of adverse reactions to antibiotics, however, creates pressures for judicious use. There continues to be debate about the role of prophylactic antibiotics in facial plastic surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFacial Plast Surg Aesthet Med
March 2024
In deep plane rhytidectomy, it is accepted that a more vertical vector will lead to a more natural rejuvenated look than a horizontal vector of pull. Among patients undergoing deep plane rhytidectomy, can skin angle measurements designed by the authors be used as a proxy for vector of tension to confirm a vertical vector? Case series measuring the rhytidectomy vector of pull for a series of patients performed by a single surgeon. Results were compared between the vectors of the pre- and postauricular flaps as well as comparing the vector of pull in male versus female patients, patients undergoing facelift alone versus in conjunction with other rejuvenation procedures, and between primary versus revision rhytidectomy patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Malawi, as a low-income country in southeastern Africa, severely lacks early identification, diagnosis and intervention measures for hearing loss. Due to its constrained resources, an educational awareness campaign targeted at professionals can be a cost-effective instrument in promoting good health care through awareness, prevention, and early identification of hearing loss. The aim of this study is to assess school teachers' knowledge of hearing health, audiology services, identification, and management of hearing issues before and after an educational intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCone-beam computed tomography (CT) is gaining popularity worldwide due to an increasingly diffuse and affordable in-office availability. It is becoming more commonplace for rhinoplasty surgeons to utilize this imaging as tool for preoperative assessment; however, there is inconsistency among radiologists commenting on specific structures of the nose or nasal cavity as there is currently no standardized reporting protocol. The goal of this article is to present clear guidelines for radiologists to report relevant nasal anatomy in the context of preoperative rhinoplasty evaluation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFacial Plast Surg Aesthet Med
May 2023
Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med
February 2022
Reconstructing cosmetically sensitive defects in an aging population undergoing multiple Mohs micrographic surgeries (MMS) may be addressed with alternatives to surgery. Patients undergoing MMS with defect reconstruction in visually prominent areas receiving placental allograft were compared with traditional autologous tissue-based procedures-flaps and full-thickness skin grafts (FTSG). This retrospective case-control study evaluated patients who underwent MMS for removal of a basal or squamous cell carcinoma with same-day repair.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Glob Health
September 2021
Background: To meet the rising interest in surgical global health, some surgical residency programs offer global health experiences. The level of interest in these programs, however, and their role in residency recruitment and career planning has not been systematically evaluated.
Objective: (1) Define interest in global health among Otolaryngology residents in the USA.
Objectives: To undertake a large-scale review of otogenic intracranial sepsis in an area of highly prevalent HIV and tuberculosis (TB) to re-examine and inform early diagnosis and treatment efforts.
Methods: Seventy-seven consecutive cases of otogenic intracranial sepsis in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa were reviewed for demographics, presentation, imaging, HIV status, culture results, and outcomes.
Results: The most common intracranial complications were intracranial abscess (46.
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) is a widely prevalent disease, which is a leading cause of acquired deafness worldwide, and is associated with complications with significant mortality and morbidity. It often responds poorly to standard of care therapy and places a disproportionate burden on at-risk populations. The microbiology and antibiotic resistance of CSOM varies based on local factors, including health care access, comorbidities, and antibiotic prescribing practices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Extra-esophageal carcinogenesis has been widely discussed in relation to the chronic effects of laryngopharyngeal reflux and most prominently with pepsin historically central to this discussion. With refluxate known to include gastric (pepsin) and duodenal (bile) fluids, we recently demonstrated the mechanistic role of NF-κB in mediating the preneoplastic effects of acidic-bile. However, the role of pepsin in promoting hypopharyngeal premalignant events remains historically unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Otol Rhinol Laryngol
February 2017
Objectives: Human papillomavirus (HPV) has emerged as a driving cause of head and neck cancer, but investigations outside the West are limited. A p16 immunohistochemistry is a commonly used biomarker for HPV cancers. We sought to investigate the pathology and rates of HPV head and neck oropharyngeal cancer in Japan via p16 immunohistochemistry at 2 institutions in Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFacial aging can create an appearance of volume loss and responds to volume enhancement in certain clinical scenarios. Actual fat loss is an illusion created by the inter-relationship of the different tissue types. The purpose of this article is to provide the anatomical, clinical, and research evidence to differentiate the contributions to facial aging from gravity's effects on soft tissue, fat loss, and skeletal remodeling, explaining the illusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Bioenerg Biomembr
February 2011
The mitochondrial inner membrane permeability transition (MPT) plays an important role in the pathophysiology of acute disorders of the central nervous systems, including ischemic and traumatic brain injury, and possibly in neurodegenerative diseases. Opening of the permeability transition pore (PTP) by a combination of abnormally elevated intramitochondrial Ca2+ and oxidative stress induces the collapse of transmembrane ion gradients, resulting in membrane depolarization and uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation. This loss of ATP synthesis eventually results in cellular metabolic failure and necrotic cell death.
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