Immune response proteins as predictive biomarkers of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer patients.

Cancer treatment with doxorubicin (DOX) can induce cumulative dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Currently, there are no specific biomarkers that can identify patients at risk during the initial doses of chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to examine plasma cytokines/chemokines and potential cardiovascular biomarkers for the prediction of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.

US Food and Drug Administration Perspectives on Clinical Mass Spectrometry.

Mass spectrometry-based in vitro diagnostic devices that measure proteins and peptides are underutilized in clinical practice, and none has been cleared or approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for marketing or for use in clinical trials. One way to increase their utilization is through enhanced interactions between the FDA and the clinical mass spectrometry community to improve the validation and regulatory review of these devices. As a reference point from which to develop these interactions, this article surveys the FDA's regulation of mass spectrometry-based devices, explains how the FDA uses guidance documents and standards in the review process, and describes the FDA's previous outreach to stakeholders.

The Bead blot: a method for selecting small molecule ligands for protein capture and purification.

We present a new method for selecting peptide ligands that are useful for protein purification, protein targeting and exploring protein-ligand interactions, and which requires no prior protein purification or derivatization. In the Bead blot, a complex mixture containing the target protein, for example, plasma, is incubated with a combinatorial library of peptide ligands synthesized on beads. The proteins are fractionated and purified on their respective ligands and the beads with their bound proteins are immobilized in a gel.

Functional identification of novel activities: activity-based selection of proteins from complete proteomes.

The identification of proteins with desired activities, especially from complex samples such as plasma and whole blood, is a continual challenge. We have developed a technology platform called Functional Identification of Novel Activities (FIoNA) to discover desired protein activities from complex biological samples. FIoNA uses immobilized libraries of combinatorial peptide ligands to purify and concentrate essentially all of the components of a complex mixture on ligands synthesized on individual beads.

Reduction in infectivity of endogenous transmissible spongiform encephalopathies present in blood by adsorption to selective affinity resins.

Background: Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) can be contracted through blood transfusion. Selective adsorption of the causative agent from donated blood might be one of the best ways of managing this risk. In our study, affinity resin L13, which reduces brain-derived infectivity spiked into human red blood cell concentrate by around 4 log(10)ID(50), and its equivalent, L13A, produced on a manufacturing scale, were assessed for their ability to remove TSE infectivity endogenously present in blood.

The Bead blot: a method for identifying ligand-protein and protein-protein interactions using combinatorial libraries of peptide ligands.

Small molecules that bind proteins can be used as ligands for protein purification and for investigating protein-protein and protein-drug interactions. Unfortunately, many methods used to identify new ligands to desired proteins suffer from common shortcomings, including the requirement that the target protein be purified and/or the requirement that the ligands be selected under conditions different from those under which it will be used. We have developed a new method called the Bead blot that can (i) select ligands to unpurified proteins, including trace proteins, present in complex materials (e.

Reduction of transmissible spongiform encephalopathy infectivity from human red blood cells with prion protein affinity ligands.

Background: There is a demonstrated risk of infection by transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) through transfusion from asymptomatic donors. Currently, blood-borne TSE infectivity cannot be detected with a diagnostic test, nor is it likely to be amenable to inactivation; however, its depletion with specific adsorp-tive ligand resins is possible.

Study Design And Methods: Six ligands that bind the prion protein, PrP, were selected by screening large solid-phase combinatorial chemical libraries.

Rarity gives a charm: evaluation of trace proteins in plasma and serum.

Since plasma potentially contacts every cell as it circulates through the body, it may carry clues both to diagnosis and treatment of disease. It is commonly expected that the growing ability to detect and characterize trace proteins will result in discovery of novel therapeutics and biomarkers; however, the familiar, super-abundant plasma proteins remain a fundamental stumbling block. Furthermore, robust validation of proteomic data is a sometimes overlooked but always necessary component for the eventual development of clinical reagents.

Therapeutic potential of the plasma proteome.

Plasma contains numerous and diverse proteins with existing and potential therapeutic value. Plasma has been used clinically as both a source of purified derivatives for treating diseases such as hemophilia, and as a diagnostic medium. Recent research directed towards mining plasma's true potential takes advantage of state-of-the-art proteomic analytical methods to develop multi-protein, disease-specific biomarker panels to improve the reliability and specificity of diagnostics.

Treatment of experimental osteomyelitis with a fibrin sealant antibiotic implant.

Two methods currently are available for the delivery of antibiotics: intravenous injection with a long-term indwelling catheter and local implant of antibiotic-containing polymethylmethacrylate beads. Both of these methods have significant disadvantages. A fibrin sealant implant, impregnated with tobramycin, was evaluated in a rabbit model of osteomyelitis to determine whether it has the potential of supplying a basis for bone reconstruction and providing an improved treatment method for the delivery of antibiotics to orthopaedic infections.