Anal intraepithelial neoplasia screening in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection.

Introduction: the incidence of anal cancer has increased in recent years, making screening and early detection of anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) a necessity in patients at risk.

Methods: a descriptive observational study of homosexual patients (MSM) or women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) III, with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, included in an AIN detection screening program was carried out between March 2016 and September 2019.

Results: we have performed 695 anal smears, 156 with results of LSIL (low-grade lesion) or HSIL (high-grade lesion) (22.