Predictors of Hospitalization During the First Year of Life among 31999 Tanzanian Infants.

Objective: This study explored the risk factors for infant hospitalization in urban and peri-urban/rural Tanzania.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study examining predictors of hospitalization during the first year of life among infants enrolled at birth in a large randomized controlled trial of neonatal vitamin A supplementation conducted in urban Dar es Salaam (n = 11,895) and peri-urban/rural Morogoro region (n = 20,104) in Tanzania. Demographic, socioeconomic, environmental and birth outcome predictors of hospitalization were assessed using proportional hazard models.

Effect of neonatal vitamin A supplementation on mortality in infants in Tanzania (Neovita): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Supplementation of vitamin A in children aged 6-59 months improves child survival and is implemented as global policy. Studies of the efficacy of supplementation of infants in the neonatal period have inconsistent results. We aimed to assess the efficacy of oral supplementation with vitamin A given to infants in the first 3 days of life to reduce mortality between supplementation and 180 days (6 months).

Race/ethnicity disparities in dysglycemia among U.S. women of childbearing age found mainly in the nonoverweight/nonobese.

Objective: To describe the burden of dysglycemia-abnormal glucose metabolism indicative of diabetes or high risk for diabetes-among U.S. women of childbearing age, focusing on differences by race/ethnicity.

Efficacy of early neonatal vitamin A supplementation in reducing mortality during infancy in Ghana, India and Tanzania: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Vitamin A supplementation of 6-59 month old children is currently recommended by the World Health Organization based on evidence that it reduces mortality. There has been considerable interest in determining the benefits of neonatal vitamin A supplementation, but the results of existing trials are conflicting. A technical consultation convened by WHO pointed to the need for larger scale studies in Asia and Africa to inform global policy on the use of neonatal vitamin A supplementation.

Health of foreign-born people in the United States: a review.

This paper identifies the overarching patterns of immigrant health in the US. Most studies indicate that foreign-born individuals are in better health than native-born Americans, including individuals of the same race/ethnicity. They tend to have lower mortality rates and are less likely to suffer from circulatory diseases, overweight/obesity, and some cancers.