Antimicrobial Susceptibility from a One Health Perspective Regarding Porcine from Bavaria, Germany.

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most crucial One Health topics worldwide. Consequently, various national and international surveillance programs collect data and report trends regularly. Ceftiofur, colistin and enrofloxacin belong to the most important and critical class of anti-infective medications in both human and veterinary medicine.

Seroprevalence of Infection in Wild Boars () of Bavaria, Germany, 2019 to 2021 and Associated Genome Analysis of Five Biovar 2 Isolates.

species are highly pathogenic zoonotic agents and are found in vertebrates all over the world. To date, Germany is officially declared free from brucellosis and continuous surveillance is currently limited to farm ruminants. However, porcine brucellosis, mostly caused by biovar 2, is still found in wild boars and hares.

Whole-Genome Investigation of Dublin Considering Mountain Pastures as Reservoirs in Southern Bavaria, Germany.

Worldwide, Dublin ( Dublin) is responsible for clinical disease in cattle and also in humans. In Southern Bavaria, Germany, the serovar was identified as a causative agent for 54 animal disease outbreaks in herds between 2017 and 2021. Most of these emerged from cattle herds ( = 50).

[Vetch poisoning in a Bavarian cattle herd - A case report from a pathological perspective].

In a herd of 40 cattle of the Holstein-Friesian breed, 6 animals were euthanized for severe pruritus, fever and skin lesions. Pathomorphological examination of 3 animals revealed multisystemic granulomatous inflammation involving multinuclear giant cells. The content of vetch in the feed used and the characteristic histology led to the diagnosis of vetch poisoning.

Antimicrobial Resistance, Serologic and Molecular Characterization of Isolated from Calves with Severe or Fatal Enteritis in Bavaria, Germany.

Worldwide, enterotoxigenic (ETEC) cause neonatal diarrhea and high mortality rates in newborn calves, leading to great economic losses. In Bavaria, Germany, no recent facts are available regarding the prevalence of virulence factors or antimicrobial resistance of ETEC in calves. Antimicrobial susceptibility of 8713 isolates obtained from 7358 samples of diseased or deceased diarrheic calves were investigated between 2015 to 2019.

Antimicrobial Resistance in Isolates from Cattle with Bovine Respiratory Disease in Bavaria, Germany.

Patterns of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) regarding (n = 345), (n = 273), (n = 119), and (n = 17) isolated from calves, cattle and dairy cows with putative bovine respiratory disease syndrome were determined. The aim of this study was to investigate temporal trends in AMR and the influence of epidemiological parameters for the geographic origin in Bavaria, Germany, between July 2015 and June 2020. Spectinomycin was the only antimicrobial agent with a significant decrease regarding not susceptible isolates within the study period ( 88.

Epidemiological investigation of a tularaemia outbreak after a hare hunt in Bavaria, Germany, 2018.

In November 2018, a tularaemia outbreak occurred in Bavaria, Germany, among participants of a hare hunt and butchery employees handling the hares. We conducted an epidemiological outbreak investigation, including a retrospective cohort study among hunting participants, to identify likely transmission routes and activities associated with infection. Twelve of 41 participants were antibody-positive for Francisella (F.

Mycobacterium microti Infections in Free-Ranging Red Deer (Cervus elaphus).

Infections with Mycobacterium microti, a member of the M. tuberculosis complex, have been increasingly reported in humans and in domestic and free-ranging wild animals. At postmortem examination, infected animals may display histopathologic lesions indistinguishable from those caused by M.

Genotyping of subsp. from Hares in Germany.

is the causative agent of the zoonotic disease tularemia. In Germany, most human infections are caused by contact with infected hares. The aim of this study was to characterize subsp.

Outbreak of Tularemia in a Group of Hunters in Germany in 2018-Kinetics of Antibody and Cytokine Responses.

In November 2018, an outbreak of tularemia occurred among hare hunters in Bavaria, Germany. At least one infected hare was confirmed as the source of infection. A number of hunting dogs showed elevated antibody titers to , but the absence of titer increases in subsequent samples did not point to acute infections in dogs.

Phenotypic characterization and whole genome analysis of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria isolated from dogs in Germany.

Asymptomatic colonization with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae has been described for humans, various mammal species, and birds. Here, antimicrobial resistant bacteria were recovered from dog feces originating in Germany, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Croatia, and Ukraine, with a subset of mostly E. coli isolates obtained from a longitudinal collection over twelve months.

Genotyping Yersinia pestis in Historical Plague: Evidence for Long-Term Persistence of Y. pestis in Europe from the 14th to the 17th Century.

Ancient DNA (aDNA) recovered from plague victims of the second plague pandemic (14th to 17th century), excavated from two different burial sites in Germany, and spanning a time period of more than 300 years, was characterized using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. Of 30 tested skeletons 8 were positive for Yersinia pestis-specific nucleic acid, as determined by qPCR targeting the pla gene. In one individual (MP-19-II), the pla copy number in DNA extracted from tooth pulp was as high as 700 gene copies/μl, indicating severe generalized infection.

Diverse Genotypes of Yersinia pestis Caused Plague in Madagascar in 2007.

Background: Yersinia pestis is the causative agent of human plague and is endemic in various African, Asian and American countries. In Madagascar, the disease represents a significant public health problem with hundreds of human cases a year. Unfortunately, poor infrastructure makes outbreak investigations challenging.

[Human plague and pneumonic plague : pathogenicity, epidemiology, clinical presentations and therapy].

Yersinia pestis is a highly pathogenic gram-negative bacterium and the causative agent of human plague. In the last 1500 years and during three dreaded pandemics, millions of people became victims of Justinian's plague, the Black Death, or modern plague. Today, Y.

Pneumonic plague outbreak, Northern Madagascar, 2011.

Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague, is endemic to Madagascar, particularly to the central highlands. Although plague has not been previously reported in northern Madagascar, an outbreak of pneumonic plague occurred in this remote area in 2011. Over a 27-day period, 17 suspected, 2 presumptive, and 3 confirmed human cases were identified, and all 15 untreated 20 patients died.

Osteomyelitis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei: relapse six years after pulmonary infection.

Background: Burkholderia pseudomallei is highly endemic in Southeast Asia, whereas in Europe usually only few imported cases of melioidosis occur.

Case Report: In 2006, a 52-year-old male patient had been admitted to hospital with pneumonia after returning from a trip to Thailand. A blood culture isolate had been identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens and the patient had been treated with Piperacillin according to the antibiogram.

Genotyping of Burkholderia mallei from an outbreak of glanders in Bahrain suggests multiple introduction events.

Background: Glanders, caused by the gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia mallei, is a highly infectious zoonotic disease of solipeds causing severe disease in animals and men. Although eradicated from many Western countries, it recently emerged in Asia, the Middle-East, Africa, and South America. Due to its rareness, little is known about outbreak dynamics of the disease and its epidemiology.

Parallel independent evolution of pathogenicity within the genus Yersinia.

The genus Yersinia has been used as a model system to study pathogen evolution. Using whole-genome sequencing of all Yersinia species, we delineate the gene complement of the whole genus and define patterns of virulence evolution. Multiple distinct ecological specializations appear to have split pathogenic strains from environmental, nonpathogenic lineages.

Yersinia pestis and the plague of Justinian 541-543 AD: a genomic analysis.

Background: Yersinia pestis has caused at least three human plague pandemics. The second (Black Death, 14-17th centuries) and third (19-20th centuries) have been genetically characterised, but there is only a limited understanding of the first pandemic, the Plague of Justinian (6-8th centuries). To address this gap, we sequenced and analysed draft genomes of Y pestis obtained from two individuals who died in the first pandemic.

Strategy for sensitive and specific detection of Yersinia pestis in skeletons of the black death pandemic.

Yersinia pestis has been identified as the causative agent of the Black Death pandemic in the 14(th) century. However, retrospective diagnostics in human skeletons after more than 600 years are critical. We describe a strategy following a modern diagnostic algorithm and working under strict ancient DNA regime for the identification of medieval human plague victims.

Yersinia pestis DNA from skeletal remains from the 6(th) century AD reveals insights into Justinianic Plague.

Yersinia pestis, the etiologic agent of the disease plague, has been implicated in three historical pandemics. These include the third pandemic of the 19(th) and 20(th) centuries, during which plague was spread around the world, and the second pandemic of the 14(th)-17(th) centuries, which included the infamous epidemic known as the Black Death. Previous studies have confirmed that Y.

A traveller presenting with severe melioidosis complicated by a pericardial effusion: a case report.

Background: Burkholderia pseudomallei, the etiologic agent of melioidosis, is endemic to tropic regions, mainly in Southeast Asia and northern Australia. Melioidosis occurs only sporadically in travellers returning from disease-endemic areas. Severe clinical disease is seen mostly in patients with alteration of immune status.

Yersinia pestis lineages in Mongolia.

Background: Whole genome sequencing allowed the development of a number of high resolution sequence based typing tools for Yersinia (Y.) pestis. The application of these methods on isolates from most known foci worldwide and in particular from China and the Former Soviet Union has dramatically improved our understanding of the population structure of this species.

Phenotypical characterization of Mongolian Yersinia pestis strains.

Although Mongolia is regarded as one of the possible places of plague radiation, only few data are available from Mongolian Yersinia pestis strains. In this study a total of 100 Mongolian Y. pestis strains isolated from wild mammals and their parasites between the years 1960 and 2007 were analyzed for their phenotype.