Techniques to address fractured instruments in the middle or apical third of the root canal in human permanent teeth: a systematic review of the in vitro studies.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate techniques for approaching fractured instruments in the root canal and to present possible outcomes in relation to dentin thickness, fracture resistance, technique success, and clinical time.

Materials And Methods: The bibliographic research was carried out in PubMed, Cochrane, Lilacs, Web of Science, Scopus, grey literature, and manual search. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the titles and abstracts of 506 articles were read.