The TeLeo Program: Tele-education in pediatric oncology as a tool to support training programs in Latin America.

The TeLeo Program offers a free-access 2-year online learning program to support fellowship programs in pediatric oncology, enhance networking opportunities, and facilitate the exchange of context-specific, educational content within the pediatric oncology community in training in Latin America. In its first edition beginning in 2021, 185 fellows from 40 centers in 12 Latin American countries were enrolled. Additional courses for other healthcare professionals related to oncology in the region were produced to further support the program.

International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) Global Mapping Program: Analysis of healthcare centers in countries of the Latin American Society of Pediatric Oncology (SLAOP).

Background: The International Society of Paediatric Oncology Society Global Mapping Program aims to describe the local pediatric oncology capacities. Here, we report the data from Latin America.

Methods: A 10-question survey was distributed among chairs of pediatric oncology services.

Childhood and adolescent cancer in Chile: examining challenges and shaping tomorrow.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiology of childhood cancer in Chile and the disease landscape, assessing achievements, collaborations, and future challenges to be addressed by the National Plan for Child and Adolescent Cancer Control.

Methods: This descriptive study provides a general overview of national and international collaboration strategies and discusses the results of the Third Childhood Cancer Surveillance Report (2017-2019), the St. Jude Pediatric Oncology Facility Integrated Local Evaluation Tool (or PrOFILE) report, collaboration with the Pan American Health Organization within the framework of the Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer and the development of the National Plan for Child and Adolescent Cancer Control within the Cure framework.

5 years DKMS Chile: approach, results and impact of the first unrelated stem cell donor center in Chile.

Introduction: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is performed worldwide to treat blood cancer and other life-threatening blood disorders. As successful transplantation requires an HLA-compatible donor, unrelated donor centers and registries have been established worldwide to identify donors for patients without a family match. Ethnic minorities are underrepresented in large donor registries.

[Evaluation dosing intravenous voriconazole three times a day vs twice daily for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised children: therapeutic drugs monitoring and safety].

Background: Voriconazole is the antifungal of choice for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis (IA). Plasma concentrations (PCs) > 1 μg / mL llave been associated with better therapeutic results which have not always been achieved during treatment in immunocompromised children. In the necessity to initiate early and effective therapy for the infection, it is relevant to establish the voriconazole administration regimen that is associated with optimal PCs in this population.

Impact of COVID-19 in pediatric oncology care in Latin America during the first year of the pandemic.

Background: The ongoing coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) pandemic strained medical systems worldwide. We report on the impact on pediatric oncology care in Latin American (LATAM) during its first year.

Method: Four cross-sectional surveys were electronically distributed among pediatric onco-hematologists in April/June/October 2020, and April/2021 through the Latin American Society of Pediatric Oncology (SLAOP) email list and St Jude Global regional partners.

T-Cell-Replete Versus T-Cell-Depleted Haploidentical Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia and Other Haematological Malignancies.

Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) represents a potentially curative option for children with high-risk or refractory/relapsed leukaemias. Traditional donor hierarchy favours a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling donor (MSD) over an HLA-matched unrelated donor (MUD), followed by alternative donors such as haploidentical donors or unrelated cord blood. However, haploidentical HSCT (hHSCT) may be entailed with significant advantages: besides a potentially increased graft-vs.

Treatment and Outcome Analysis of 639 Relapsed Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas in Children and Adolescents and Resulting Treatment Recommendations.

Despite poor survival, controversies remain in the treatment for refractory or relapsed pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphoma (r/r NHL). The current project aimed to collect international experience on the re-induction treatment of r/r NHL, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), risk factors associated with outcome, and to suggest treatment recommendations. Inclusion criteria were (i) refractory disease, disease progression or relapse of any NHL subtype except anaplastic large cell lymphoma, (ii) age < 18 years at initial diagnosis, (iii) diagnosis in/after January 2000.

Directed sibling donor cord blood donation in the Chilean Public Health System.

Introduction: Cord blood (CB) as a source of Hematopoietic Stem Cells for Transplantation (HSCT) is well established. Worldwide, nonetheless, less than 10% of the CB HSCTs are performed with a match sibling donor. Since 2004, the Chilean National Childhood Cancer Program (PINDA) net work, has established a CB directed donation program for HSCT.

[Evaluation of the prescription, consumption and costs of antifungal drugs in a pediatric hospital in Chile].

Background: The increase of invasive fungal disease (IFD) in immunocompromised patients has led to the frequent prescription of highly active antifungal drugs but with a high economic cost.

Aim: To characterize the use of antifungals drugs, evaluate its prescription and determine consumption and associated costs.

Methods: Retrospective descriptive study from January 2015 to April 2016.

[Pharmacokinetics of posaconazol in the prophylaxis and treatment of invasive fungal infection in immunocompromised children in a pediatric hospital].

Background There is no consensus on the optimal dosage use of posaconazole (PSC) for invasive fungal infection (IFI) in pediatric patients and normally it is adjusted with drug levels (DLs) ≥ 0.7 μg/ml and ≥ 1.25 μg/ml for prophylaxis and treatment, respectively.

[Drug interaction of voriconazole-cyclosporine in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (2013-2014)].

Background: Drug interactions (DI) in patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are common and clinically significant, highlighting: anticonvulsants, voriconazole (VCZ) and cyclosporine (CsA), which require monitoring.

Objective: To describe the interactions between CsA-VCZ in children undergoing HSCT.

Methods: Retrospective, descriptive study in immunocompromised children hospitalized since January 2013 to December 2014 at Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Hospital Dr.

[Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a pediatric patient who underwent a hematopoietic stem cell transplant].

We report the case of a 10 year old girl with a relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia, who underwent a haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), with grade II skin and digestive graft versus host disease, treated with corticosteroids and cyclosporine. On day + 54, she presented fever, with no other remarkable clinical findings. Imaging study showed the presence of lung and liver nodules, liver biopsy was performed.

Evaluation of metabolic syndrome after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in children and adolescents.

Background: To determine the prevalence, characteristics, and risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the Chilean National Program.

Procedures: Descriptive and cross-sectional study including 69 patients was conducted. Body mass index, pubertal development, waist circumference, arterial pressure (AP), and triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and glucose levels were recorded at the time of study entry.

Haploidentical stem cell transplantation for children with high-risk leukemia.

Background: The Chilean population is ethnically diverse, and more than 50% of children referred for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) lack a suitable donor.

Procedure: To expand the donor pool, we assessed the feasibility, tolerance, and efficacy of using a haploidentical (HI) donor and a reduced-intensity conditioning regimen for high-risk pediatric leukemia. This study was facilitated by technology transfer from St.

Cytomegalovirus infection in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Chile.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains as an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Our aim was to assess the incidence, risk factors, and outcome related to CMV infection in children after HSCT in a developing country.

Methods: From October 1, 1999, to December 31, 2005, we prospectively studied all patients admitted to the HSCT unit at Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna in Santiago, Chile.

[C reactive protein and procalcitonin levels for the diagnosis of invasive bacterial infections in allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients].

Background: The main causes of complications of allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are infections and graft versus host disease.

Aim: To assess the predictive value of C reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin (PCT) in the diagnosis of invasive bacterial infections in children with febrile neutropenia after an allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Material And Methods: Prospective follow up of patients aged 18 years or less, with febrile neutropenia after an allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Establishment of a pediatric HSCT program in a public hospital in Chile.

Background: In Chile, survival estimates for pediatric patients with cancer are comparable to those in the United States and Western Europe. Approximately 80% of these patients are treated at government-supported centers, and an estimated 65% are cured. We reasoned that cure rates could be further improved if transplantation with hematopoietic stem cells were available for patients with chemotherapy-resistant malignancy.