Publications by authors named "Julia N Faraone"
Article Synopsis
- SARS-CoV-2 is evolving, resulting in new variants like XEC, which has specific mutations (T22N and F59S) in the spike protein that affect how the virus interacts with neutralizing antibodies.
- The study analyzed immune responses from different vaccinated groups and found that XEC had significantly lower neutralization levels due to the F59S mutation, but removing certain glycosylation sites could restore these levels.
- The research highlights that mutations in the N-terminal domain of the spike protein play a crucial role in the virus's ability to evade the immune system and change its structural properties.
Article Synopsis
- In the summer of 2024, a global increase in COVID-19 cases was attributed to JN.1 subvariants of SARS-CoV-2, which have new mutations, particularly in the spike protein's N-terminal domain (NTD).
- The study found that several subvariants (LB.1, KP.2.3, KP.3, and KP.3.1.1) largely escape neutralizing antibodies from various vaccines and past infections due to a key deletion (DelS31) in the spike protein.
- The DelS31 mutation enhances the stability of the spike protein and introduces changes that help the virus avoid immune detection, suggesting a possible need to update COVID-19 vaccines to include antigens
Article Synopsis
- This study examines how subvariants of JN.1 (SLip, FLiRT, and KP.2) respond to neutralization by antibodies from vaccinated people and infected patients, discovering they show increased resistance compared to the original JN.1.
- The research finds that while hamster sera from XBB.1.5 vaccinations can strongly neutralize FLiRT and KP.2, SLip has reduced neutralization effectiveness. All subvariants demonstrate resistance to the antibody S309 and show decreased infectivity and other functionalities compared to JN.1.
- Key mutations in the spike protein of these subvariants are identified, affecting their interaction with antibodies and suggesting that new vaccines might need to
Article Synopsis
- SARS-CoV-2 variants like JN.1 and its subvariants SLip, FLiRT, and KP.2 show increased resistance to neutralization by antibodies in previously vaccinated individuals and those who recovered from COVID-19 during the BA.2.86/JN.1 wave.
- While XBB.1.5 monovalent vaccinated hamsters have effectively neutralized FLiRT and KP.2, SLip demonstrated reduced efficiency in antibody response.
- Key mutations in the spike protein of these subvariants affect their infectivity and resistance to neutralization, highlighting the need for future vaccines to consider adaptations involving the JN.1 spike protein.
Unlabelled: The rapid evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants presents a constant challenge to the global vaccination effort. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive investigation into two newly emerged variants, BA.2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe evolution of SARS-CoV-2 paired with immune imprinting by prototype messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine has challenged the current vaccination efficacy against newly emerged Omicron subvariants. In our study, we investigated a cohort of macaques infected by SIV and vaccinated with two doses of bivalent Pfizer mRNA vaccine containing wildtype and BA.5 spikes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolution of SARS-CoV-2 requires the reassessment of current vaccine measures. Here, we characterized BA.2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWang and colleagues show that immune imprinting impairs neutralizing antibody titers for bivalent mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants. Imprinting from three doses of monovalent vaccine can be alleviated by BA.5 or BQ-lineage breakthrough infection but not by a bivalent booster.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmune evasion and membrane fusion of SARS-CoV-2 XBB subvariants EG.5.1 and XBB.2.3.
Emerg Microbes Infect
December 2023
Immune evasion by SARS-CoV-2 paired with immune imprinting from monovalent mRNA vaccines has resulted in attenuated neutralizing antibody responses against Omicron subvariants. In this study, we characterized two new XBB variants rising in circulation - EG.5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to challenge the efficacy of vaccination efforts against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The Omicron XBB lineage of SARS-CoV-2 has presented dramatic evasion of neutralizing antibodies stimulated by mRNA vaccination and COVID-19 convalescence. XBB.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvolution of SARS-CoV-2 requires the reassessment of current vaccine measures. Here, we characterized BA.2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoronaviruses are known to cross species barriers, and spill over among animals, from animals to humans, and vice versa. SARS-CoV-2 emerged in humans in late 2019. It is now known to infect numerous animal species, including companion animals and captive wildlife species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew Omicron subvariants continue to emerge throughout the world. In particular, the XBB subvariant, which is a recombinant virus between BA.2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOmicron subvariants continuingly challenge current vaccination strategies. Here, we demonstrate nearly complete escape of the XBB.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmyovirus SPN3US has a T = 27 capsid composed of >50 different gene products, including many that are packaged along with the 240 kb genome and ejected into the host cell. Recently, we showed that an essential phage-encoded prohead protease gp245 is responsible for cleavage of proteins during SPN3US head assembly. This proteolytic maturation step induces major changes in precursor head particles, enabling them to expand and undergo genome packaging.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNewly emerging Omicron subvariants continue to emerge around the world, presenting potential challenges to current vaccination strategies. This study investigates the extent of neutralizing antibody escape by new subvariants XBB.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe continued evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has led to the emergence of several new Omicron subvariants, including BQ.1, BQ.1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) to neutralizing antibodies has largely been studied in the context of key receptor binding domain (RBD) mutations, including E484K and N501Y. Little is known about the epistatic effects of combined SARS-CoV-2 spike mutations. We now investigate the neutralization sensitivity of variants containing the non-RBD mutation Q677H, including B.
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