Predictive learning shapes the representational geometry of the human brain.

Predictive coding theories propose that the brain constantly updates internal models to minimize prediction errors and optimize sensory processing. However, the neural mechanisms that link prediction error encoding and optimization of sensory representations remain unclear. Here, we provide evidence how predictive learning shapes the representational geometry of the human brain.

Precision Functional Mapping to Advance Developmental Psychiatry Research.

Many psychiatric conditions have their roots in early development. Individual differences in prenatal brain function (which is influenced by a combination of genetic risk and the prenatal environment) likely interact with individual differences in postnatal experience, resulting in substantial variation in brain functional organization and development in infancy. Neuroimaging has been a powerful tool for understanding typical and atypical brain function and holds promise for uncovering the neurodevelopmental basis of psychiatric illness; however, its clinical utility has been relatively limited thus far.

Psilocybin desynchronizes the human brain.

A single dose of psilocybin, a psychedelic that acutely causes distortions of space-time perception and ego dissolution, produces rapid and persistent therapeutic effects in human clinical trials. In animal models, psilocybin induces neuroplasticity in cortex and hippocampus. It remains unclear how human brain network changes relate to subjective and lasting effects of psychedelics.

Assessment of Ammonia Concentrations and Climatic Conditions in Calf Housing Using Stationary and Mobile Sensors.

In calf fattening, housing climate conditions are essential for optimal performance and welfare. Validated methods to measure the long-term housing climate are lacking. The present study investigated climate parameters for 14 weeks in Swiss calf fattening housing with two different ammonia (NH) sensors: six stationary sensors (Dräger Polytron 8100) were installed at animal level and four mobile sensors (Dräger x-AM 5100) were attached to the calves' heads.

Screening Cobalt-based Catalysts on Multicomponent CdSe@CdS Nanorods for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution in Aqueous Media.

We present CdSe@CdS nanorods coated with a redox-active polydopamine (PDA) layer functionalized with cobaloxime-derived photocatalysts for efficient solar-driven hydrogen evolution in aqueous environments. The PDA-coating provides reactive groups for the functionalization of the nanorods with different molecular catalysts, facilitates charge separation and transfer of electrons from the excited photosensitizer to the catalyst, and reduces photo-oxidation of the photosensitizer. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirms the successful functionalization of the nanorods with cobalt-based catalysts, whereas the catalyst loading per nanorod is quantified by total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (TXRF).

Consciousness in the cradle: on the emergence of infant experience.

Although each of us was once a baby, infant consciousness remains mysterious and there is no received view about when, and in what form, consciousness first emerges. Some theorists defend a 'late-onset' view, suggesting that consciousness requires cognitive capacities which are unlikely to be in place before the child's first birthday at the very earliest. Other theorists defend an 'early-onset' account, suggesting that consciousness is likely to be in place at birth (or shortly after) and may even arise during the third trimester.

Acute lesion extension following pulmonary vein isolation with two novel single shot devices: Pulsed field ablation versus multielectrode radiofrequency balloon.

Introduction: Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) and the multielectrode radiofrequency balloon (RFB) are two novel ablation technologies to perform pulmonary vein isolation (PVI). It is currently unknown whether these technologies differ in lesion formation and lesion extent. We compared the acute lesion extent after PVI induced by PFA and RFB by measuring low-voltage area in high-density maps and the release of biomolecules reflecting cardiac injury.

Novel Radiofrequency Balloon Catheter - Impact of Ablation Parameters on Single-Shot Isolation.

Background: A novel multielectrode radiofrequency balloon (RFB) catheter has been released for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI).

Methods and results: In this observational study consecutive patients with drug-refractory paroxysmal or persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing first-time PVI were enrolled in 2 high-volume ablation centers. All procedures were conducted in conjunction with a 3D-mapping system.

Not with a "zap" but with a "beep": Measuring the origins of perinatal experience.

When does the mind begin? Infant psychology is mysterious in part because we cannot remember our first months of life, nor can we directly communicate with infants. Even more speculative is the possibility of mental life prior to birth. The question of when consciousness, or subjective experience, begins in human development thus remains incompletely answered, though boundaries can be set using current knowledge from developmental neurobiology and recent investigations of the perinatal brain.

BIBSNet: A Deep Learning Baby Image Brain Segmentation Network for MRI Scans.

Objectives: Brain segmentation of infant magnetic resonance (MR) images is vitally important in studying developmental mental health and disease. The infant brain undergoes many changes throughout the first years of postnatal life, making tissue segmentation difficult for most existing algorithms. Here, we introduce a deep neural network BIBSNet (aby and nfant rain egmentation Neural work), an open-source, community-driven model that relies on data augmentation and a large sample size of manually annotated images to facilitate the production of robust and generalizable brain segmentations.

Temperature-controlled ablation of the mitral isthmus line using the novel DiamondTemp ablation system.

Background: The novel DiamondTemp™ (DT)-catheter (Medtronic) was designed for high-power, short-duration ablation in a temperature-controlled mode.

Aim: To evaluate the performance of the DT-catheter for ablation of the mitral isthmus line (MIL) using two different energy dosing strategies.

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients with recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and/or atrial tachycardia (AT) following pulmonary vein (PV) isolation were included.

COVID-19 and Perinatal Stress Experience - a Study Conducted as Part of the COVGEN Initiative.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, stress and anxiety in the population increased due to concerns about people's own health and that of their relatives, as well as changes in everyday life due to measures taken to reduce the infection rate. Pregnant women are particularly stressed. The present study examines how the COVID-19 pandemic affects the stress experience and mental health of pregnant women and mothers of newborns and how care could be optimized.

Pulsed-field ablation-based pulmonary vein isolation: acute safety, efficacy and short-term follow-up in a multi-center real world scenario.

Purpose: Pulsed-field ablation (PFA) is a new energy source to achieve pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) by targeted electroporation of cardiomyocytes. Experimental and controlled clinical trial data suggest good efficacy of PFA-based PVI. We aimed to assess efficacy, safety and follow-up of PFA-based PVI in an early adopter routine care setting.

Management of pericardial tamponade in the electrophysiology laboratory: results from a national survey.

Background: Despite continued efforts to improve the safety of catheter ablation, pericardial tamponade remains one of its more frequent, potentially life-threatening complications. Management of cardiac tamponade is not standardized and uncertainties regarding acute treatment remain.

Methods: This survey sought to evaluate the management of cardiac tamponade in German EP centers via a standardized postal questionnaire.

Ablation of Outflow Tract Arrhythmias in Patients With and Without Structural Heart Disease-A Comparative Analysis.

Introduction: Catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias emerging from the ventricular outflow tracts and adjacent structures is very effective and considered almost curative in patients without structural heart disease (SHD). Outcomes of patients with SHD undergoing ablation of outflow tract arrhythmias are not known.

Methods: Consecutive patients (2019-2021) undergoing catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias in a single high-volume center were retrospectively analyzed.

Preparation of Ultrathin and Degradable Polymeric Films by Electropolymerization of 3-Amino-l-tyrosine.

Bioderived polymers are one of many current research areas that promise a sustainable future. Due to their unique properties, the bioderived polymer polydopamine has been in the spotlight over the last decades. Its ability to adhere to virtually any surface and its stability over a wide pH range as well as in several organic solvents make it a suitable candidate for various applications like coatings and biosensors.

Revival of the Forgotten.

Pulmonary vein (PV) isolation (PVI) by continuous, transmural and durable lesions is decisive for ensuring long-term freedom from atrial fibrillation (AF). AF ablation requires irrigated tip catheters to reduce thromboembolic complications. This precluded temperature-controlled delivery of radiofrequency (RF) energy.

Manned submersible dives reveal a singular assemblage of Hexactinellida (Porifera) off the Amazon River mouth, Northern Brazil.

The outer shelf and upper slope region under the influence of the Amazon River mouth harbors an extensive reef system with a rich sponge fauna, but no hexactinellids were recorded in the area so far. In this work, manned submersibles were used to describe for the first time three species of Hexactinellida off the Amazon River mouth: Hyalonema (Cyliconemaoida) alucia sp. nov.

Evaluation of parameters for fetal behavioural state classification.

Fetal behavioural states (fBS) describe periods of fetal wakefulness and sleep and are commonly defined by features such as body and eye movements and heart rate. Automatic state detection through algorithms relies on different parameters and thresholds derived from both the heart rate variability (HRV) and the actogram, which are highly dependent on the specific datasets and are prone to artefacts. Furthermore, the development of the fetal states is dynamic over the gestational period and the evaluation usually only separated into early and late gestation (before and after 32 weeks).