Correction to: HIV Persistence on Antiretroviral Therapy and Barriers to a Cure.

Correction to: Chapter 7 in L. Zhang, S. R.

HIV Persistence on Antiretroviral Therapy and Barriers to a Cure.

HIV persists within the body despite successful suppression of virus replication with antiretroviral therapy (ART). HIV lurks in latent and active reservoirs, leading to rebound of virus spread if ART is interrupted. The latent HIV reservoir is a natural consequence of the life cycle of HIV, with integration of HIV into the genomes of cells that are or later enter the resting state, resulting in transcriptionally quiescent provirus.

Eradicating HIV-1 infection: seeking to clear a persistent pathogen.

Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) blunts viraemia, which enables HIV-1-infected individuals to control infection and live long, productive lives. However, HIV-1 infection remains incurable owing to the persistence of a viral reservoir that harbours integrated provirus within host cellular DNA. This latent infection is unaffected by ART and hidden from the immune system.