Seropositivity to Cysticercosis in School-Age Children Living in a Low-Income Municipality in the Midwest Region of Brazil.

Background: Human cysticercosis (CC) is a global public health problem, especially in Latin America, including Brazil. We aimed to analyze the seroprevalence of CC among school-age children and adolescents.

Methods: We analyzed the presence of specific IgG antibodies against metacestodes in 500 serum samples from elementary school children and adolescents in Jataí City, state of Goiás, Brazil.

Multiple Stool Sampling and Specific Parasitological Technique are Crucial to Diagnose Strongyloidiasis in Alcoholic Patients.

Purpose: Chronic alcoholism is a well-known risk factor for strongyloidiasis, in these patients the disease is potentially more severe, probably due to the breakdown of local protective barriers and immunosuppression caused by alcohol, which can lead to autoinfection and dissemination. The aim of this study was to evaluate multiple stool sampling and a specific parasitological assay agar plate culture (APC) for the diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis in alcoholics.

Methods: APC was compared to sedimentation technique (HPJ; Hoffman, Pons and Janer), as parasitological methods to detect S.

Route of dexamethasone administration influences parasite burden in hyperinfection model.

Rodents infected with are experimental models applied to strongyloidiasis research. This study evaluated oral and subcutaneous dexamethasone (DEX) treatments to establish immunosuppression in an experimental model of hyperinfection. Wistar were divided: G I (-): untreated and uninfected animals, G II (+): untreated and infected, G III (o -) orally treated and uninfected, G IV (o +) orally treated and infected, G V (sc -) subcutaneously treated and uninfected, G VI (sc +) subcutaneously treated and infected.

IgG4 and IgE anti-Strongyloides stercoralis as additional parameters in characterizing patients with diabetes from a hyperendemic area.

We report the detection of IgG, IgG1, IgG4 and IgE anti-Strongyloides stercoralis as complementary tool for screening in patients with diabetes in hyperendemic areas for strongyloidiasis. A panel of 119 serum samples were analyzed: 76 from patients with DM2 and 43 patients with other endocrine diseases and a positive correlation for total IgG levels with IgG4 (rs = 0.559; P = 0.

Immune complexes as a tool for strongyloidiasis immunodiagnosis in kidney and liver transplant candidate.

Strongyloidiasis is a chronic and asymptomatic infection in immunocompetent patients. Immunocompromised patients, such as organ transplant candidates, can develop severe forms of this disease, and the best way to prevent progression to these forms is early diagnosis. Serological techniques using specific IgG and immune complexes (IC) detection can help in the diagnosis of these patients.

Corrigendum to "scFv against HSP60 of and Its Application in the Evaluation of Parasite Frequency in the Elderly".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2020/4086929.].

Innovative approaches to improve serodiagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection.

Strongyloidiasis is a helminthiasis of neglected condition that has no gold standard parasitological diagnosis due to the intermittent release of larvae in feces. This study aimed to use an scFv (single chain variable fragment) obtained by Phage Display, previously validated to detect immune complexes in serum samples from individuals infected with Strongyloides stercoralis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Now the ability of scFv to detect the immune complexes was verified by immunofluorescence, flow cytometry using magnetic beads and surface plasmon resonance (SPR).

Beneficial effects of Strongyloides venezuelensis antigen extract in acute experimental toxoplasmosis.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan with worldwide distribution and triggers a strong Th1 immune response in infected susceptible hosts. On the contrary, most helminth infections are characterized by Th2 immune response and the use of helminth-derived antigens to regulate immune response in inflammatory disorders has been broadly investigated.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether treatment with Strongyloides venezuelensis antigen extract (SvAg) would alter immune response against T gondii.

Strongyloides-specific IgA, IgG and IgG immune complex profile in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Aims: To describe an anti-Strongyloides IgA, IgG and IgG immune complex antibody response profile in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

Methods And Results: Saliva and serum samples were collected from 100 individuals: group I, 50 apparently healthy individuals; and group II, 50 pulmonary tuberculosis patients. The IgA, IgG and IgG immune complex detection were carried out via an ELISA immunoenzymatic test.

Mimotope-based antigens as potential vaccine candidates in experimental murine cysticercosis.

Human cysticercosis is a public health problem caused by Taenia solium metacestodes; thus, eradication of T. solium transmission by vaccination is an urgent requirement. The Cc48 mimotope from T.

Immunoreactivity of proteins within 30-40 kDa range during the acute and the recovery phases in rats experimentally infected with Strongyloides venezuelensis.

In experimental infection with Strongyloides venezuelensis, the acute and recovery phases can be distinguished, unlike human infections caused by Strongyloides stercoralis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of anti-Strongyloides IgG antibodies and the recognition of immunogenic protein bands during the acute and the recovery phases in rats experimentally infected with S. venezuelensis.

scFv against HSP60 of sp. and Its Application in the Evaluation of Parasite Frequency in the Elderly.

The present study is aimed at evaluating serological method using scFv anti- sp. and reporting the frequencies of the results with conventional parasitological technique (faeces) in elderly individuals. Among 112 elderly individuals (≥60 years of age), 14.

Use of polyclonal IgY antibodies to detect serum immune complexes in patients with active hookworm infection.

Definitive diagnosis of hookworm infection is usually based on the microscopic detection of eggs in a stool sample; however, several cases display a low or irregular egg output. Serodiagnosis can be a useful tool to identify these cases, but conventional tests do not differentiate past from active infections. The aim of this study was to obtain and apply egg yolk polyclonal immunoglobulin (IgY) antibodies to detect immune complexes (ICs) in serum samples from patients infected with hookworm.

Parasitological and immunological aspects of oral and subcutaneous prednisolone treatment in rats experimentally infected with Strongyloides venezuelensis.

Strongyloides venezuelensis is a model to study human strongyloidiasis, which infects wild rodents and shares common antigenic epitopes with Strongyloides stercoralis. This study aimed to evaluate parasitological and immunological parameters of prednisolone immunosuppression protocols in rats (Rattus novergicus) infected with S. venezuelensis.

Evaluation of the Dot-ELISA as a diagnostic test for human strongyloidiasis based on the detection of IgA in saliva.

This study aimed to evaluate the use of saliva samples in the Dot-ELISA test for immunodiagnosis of human strongyloidiasis. The Dot-ELISA presented similar results to the ELISA test, with 70% and 60% sensitivity and 85% and 90% specificity, respectively, for IgA in the saliva. The Dot-ELISA with alternative saliva samples may be a suitable tool for diagnosing human strongyloidiasis, especially in populations with high levels of exposure to helminth.

In vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of Carica papaya seed hexane extract against Strongyloides venezuelensis.

Strongyloidiasis is a human parasitic disease caused by the helminth Strongyloides stercoralis whose treatment is particularly difficult in immunosuppressed patients due to their low responsiveness to conventional therapy. Carica papaya and its isolated compounds benzyl isothiocyanate, carpaine and carpasemine are promising compound for the treatment of Strongyloides infections due to their anthelmintic action. This study aims to examine the in vitro ovicidal and larvicidal activity of C.

The Anthelmintic Effect on Strongyloides venezuelensis Induced by BnSP- 6, a Lys49-phospholipase A2 Homologue from Bothrops pauloensis Venom.

Background: Phospholipases A2 (PLA2) from snake venoms have a broad potential as pharmacological tools on medicine. In this context, strongyloidiasis is a neglected parasitic disease caused by helminths of the genus Strongyloides. Currently, ivermectin is the drug of choice for treatment, however, besides its notable toxicity, therapeutic failures and cases of drug resistance have been reported.

Neurocysticercosis serodiagnosis: mimotope-based synthetic peptide as potential biomarker.

Herein, we evaluate a mimotope-based synthetic peptidenamed NC1 to diagnose neurocysticercosis (NC), a neglected parasitic disease and a major cause of epilepsy worldwide. NC1 synthetic peptide was evaluated to diagnose NC, and total saline extract from Taenia solium metacestodes (SE) was used as control. Serum samples from patients with NC (n = 40), other parasitic diseases (n = 43), and healthy individuals (n = 40) were tested.

Seroepidemiological aspects of human infection by Strongyloides stercoralis in Alfenas, southern Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Introduction: In most Strongyloides stercoralis infected individuals, nematoidosis occurs asymptomatically, but in immunocompromised patients, it can cause hyperinfection. Serological techniques seem to be a good alternative for detecting this parasite.

Methods: The frequency of seropositivity for strongyloidiasis in Alfenas, MG, was estimated using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay on blood samples, between May and August of 2015.

Inducible nitric oxide synthase controls experimental Strongyloides infection.

Infection with Strongyloides sp. induces a host immune response, predominantly the Th2 type, that is able to eliminate the parasite. However, little is known about the role of the nitric oxide (NO) mediator, induced by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), in strongyloidiasis.

Metaperiodate deglycosylation of Strongyloides venezuelensis larvae: Immunochemical characterization and antigen production for human strongyloidiasis diagnosis.

Strongyloidiasis is an important helminthiasis affecting million people worldwide. The aim of this study was to use sodium metaperiodate (MP) treatment to immunochemically characterize Strongyloides venezuelensis filariform larvae and use MP-treated heterologous antigen to detect IgG and subclasses in serum. Samples from individuals with definitive diagnosis of strongyloidiasis (n = 50), other parasitic diseases (n = 60) and negative endemic (n = 50) were tested.

Seroprevalence of human cysticercosis in Jataí, Goiás state, Brazil.

The Taenia solium cysticercosis affects millions of people worldwide and is considered a public health problem, especially in developing countries. The diagnosis of neurocysticercosis is complex and involves the analysis of epidemiological, clinical, neuroimaging, and immunological host data. Neurocysticercosis is endemic in Brazil, and is related to the cause of death mainly in the Southeast, South, and Central-West regions.

Avidity as a criterion for diagnosis of human strongyloidiasis increases specificity of IgG ELISA.

This study evaluates the inclusion of the IgG avidity index in ELISA to detect anti-Strongyloides stercoralis IgG. The ELISA index revealed 70% of specificity. With the inclusion of screening AI, specificity increased to 80%.

In vitro efficacy of latex and purified papain from Carica papaya against Strongyloides venezuelensis eggs and larvae.

Latex from Carica papaya is rich in bioactive compounds, especially papain, which may help to control parasitic diseases. This study evaluated the efficacy of latex from C. papaya and purified papain against Strongyloides venezuelensis.