Delayed two-stage breast reconstruction with implants: The authors' recent experience.

Background: Presently, breast cancer detection is delayed in Poland and, thus, the only other option for patients is amputation and breast reconstruction (immediate or delayed). Reconstructive methods are based on using the patient's own tissue (pedicled or free myocutaneous flaps) or implants (a tissue expander, which is later exchanged for a prosthesis or an expandable implant).

Objective: To evaluate the aesthetic results of a delayed two-stage breast reconstruction with the use of implants (expander and prosthesis) in patients who have previously undergone cancer-related mastectomy.

Role of the internet in communication between patient and surgeon before rhinoplasty.

Our aim was to assess the use of the internet for patients considering rhinoplasty, to identify the influence of the medical information acquired, and to review favourable and adverse aspects of the acquired knowledge online. A prospective study was conducted on 106 patients listed for post-traumatic or aesthetic rhinoplasty. We surveyed 18 questions to evaluate demographic and sociological data, and the importance of the information acquired from the internet.

The internet as a source of information for patients prior to rhinoplasty.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Internet use by patients considering rhinoplasty and to identify the impact of such information on their decisions.

Methods: Prospective analysis of the impact of information received via the Internet by patients considering rhinoplasty on their decision-making prior to surgery. Eighty six patients, scheduled for post-traumatic or aesthetic rhinoplasty, received a questionnaire, consisting of 19 questions, which sought to evaluate their perception of the importance of the Internet information to them and also collected relevant demographic and sociological data.

Individual and ethnic aspects of preoperative planning for posttraumatic rhinoplasty.

The aim of this study was to compare the aesthetic results of post traumatic rhinoplasty among Europeans with populations of healthy Caucasians described in earlier reports, and to collate correct parameters of nasal shape in healthy representatives of both sexes and various races for improvement in aesthetic results of surgery. 3-D scanning of the face was performed in 54 patients after posttraumatic septorhinoplasty. Analysis of 3D model was based on two indices of the nasal proportions and four angles of the region from 18 anthropological points.

Angiogenesis markers quantification in breast cancer and their correlation with clinicopathological prognostic variables.

Tumoural angiogenesis is essential for the growth and spread of breast cancer cells. Therefore the aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of angiogenesis markers in tumours and there reflecting levels in serum of breast cancer patients. Angiogenin, Ang2, fibroblast growth factor basic, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), platelet-derived growth factor-BB, and VEGF-A were measured using a FASTQuant angiogenic growth factor multiplex protein assay.

[Hypertrophy of labia minora--pathomorphology and surgical treatment].

Background: Hypertrophy of labia minora is a variant of normal anatomy. The enlargement can be unilateral or bilateral and is sometimes asymmetric. Hypertrophy of the labia minora may be attributed to mechanical irritation and endocrine diseases.

[Female-to-male transsexual's stereotype among university men and women on the basis of semantic differential].

Aim: The aim of this study is to determine female-to-male transsexual's (FtM) stereotypes created in female and male university students and comparing them in the analysed groups.

Method: 300 university students (from the Technical University of Łódź, University of Łódź, Medical University of Łódź) received a questionnaire with 10 pairs of the opposite meaning adjectives (good-bad, weak-strong, fast-slow, ugly-pretty, fat-thin, suppressed-loud, clever-stupid, light-heavy, active-passive, kind-cruel) related to a notion 'female -to-male transsexual' and placed on the extremes of the 7-point scales. The respondents also described each adjective as positive, negative or neutral.

Tattooing and body piercing--what motivates you to do it?

Background: Body ornamentation is becoming more and more popular, especially among young people.

Aims: To establish the sociodemographic characteristics of people with tattoos or body piercing and to analyze the motivations for body ornamentation.

Methods: The questionnaire studies were undertaken in Lodz--one of the largest cities in Poland.

[Acceptance of transsexualism among university students from Lódź].

Unlabelled: Transsexualism is one of the gender identity disorders where psychological sex is opposed to anatomical sex. This disorder leads to a discrepancy between the preferred social gender and the biological sex.

Aim: The aim of this research is to compare knowledge and attitude toward transsexualism in student's opinion, coming from three universities in Lódź.

Complications after body piercing in patient suffering from type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Body piercing has been a well-known practice of body ornamentation. Nowadays, it is believed to involve from 6.5% to 50% of the population.

[Developmental disturbances of medial part of face of patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate with special consideration of a nose].

Unlabelled: Cleft is a developmental malformation, which is defined as a partial or complete lack of anatomic tissues continuity in typical areas of disorders in embryological face development. The reasons for cleft formation are not completely recognised but many hypotheses indicate both environmental and genetic factors as possible sources. The list of the cleft types is the following: cleft lip, cleft lip and alveolus, isolated cleft palate, cleft lip, alveolus and palate, and combined clefts.

Are body piercing and tattooing safe fashions?

The trend to ornamenting the human body by piercings and tattoos which is observed all over the world is becoming more and more popular. The aim of this research was to compare the frequency of complications occurring after piercing and tattooing and to analyze the conditions under which the procedures were performed. The research was based on the results of questionnaire studies performed in a group of 824 people (57.

[Binder's syndrome--symptoms and treatment].

Introduction: The flat dorsum and short septum of the nose, enlarged nasal angle, small naso-labial angle, maxillary micrognathism, and augmented upper lip, what makes the concave midface profile are the symptoms of Binder syndrome (maxillonasal displasia). The treatment consists of nasal and maxillary correction followed by orthodontic rehabilitation.

Material And Methods: Five cases affected with Binder syndrome (age: 5-20 years old) were observed.

[Congenital lesions of the external nose].

Congenital lesions of the external nose appear during embryologic development. Their usual location is midline nasal area. The most common are dermoid cyst, glioma, encephalocele and meningocele.

[Facial developmental irregularities of the face- in children with Binder's syndrome with regard to indirect angular measurements].

Unlabelled: Binder's syndrome is a disorder characterised by the underdevelopment of maxilla and nose.

Purpose: The paper presents an attempt to analyse the developmental irregularities, described by angular features in patients with the syndrome.

Patients And Methods: The research was performed on 4 children aged 5-12 with maxillonasal dysplasia.

[Familial cleft lip with or without coexisting cleft palate].

Etiopatology of clefts has not been explained yet. It is assumed that the cause of this defect is complex and heterogeneous. Genes which induce the incidence of cleft have not been detected too but clinical observations indicate a familial predisposition.