Simultaneous Multislice Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of the Kidneys at 3 T.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare respiratory-triggered diffusion-weighted imaging with simultaneous-multislice acceleration (SMS-RT-DWI) to a standard free-breathing echoplanar DWI (s-DWI) for 3 T renal imaging with respect to image quality and artifacts.

Materials And Methods: A total of 40 patients who had undergone renal magnetic resonance imaging were included in this retrospective analysis of a prospectively planned cohort study. All examinations were performed on a 3 T whole-body magnetic resonance system.

Evaluation of a new image reconstruction method for digital breast tomosynthesis: effects on the visibility of breast lesions and breast density.

Objective: To compare image quality and breast density of two reconstruction methods, the widely-used filtered-back projection (FBP) reconstruction and the iterative heuristic Bayesian inference reconstruction (Bayesian inference reconstruction plus the method of total variation applied, HBI).

Methods: Thirty-two clinical DBT data sets with malignant and benign findings, = 27 and 17, respectively, were reconstructed using FBP and HBI. Three experienced radiologists evaluated the images independently using a 5-point visual grading scale and classified breast density according to the American College of Radiology Breast Imaging-Reporting And Data System Atlas, fifth edition.

The Assessment of Background Parenchymal Enhancement (BPE) in a High-Risk Population: What Causes BPE?

Objective: To investigate promoting factors for background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) in MR mammography (MRM).

Methods: 146 patients were retrospectively evaluated, including 91 high-risk patients (50 BRCA patients, 41 patients with elevated lifetime risk). 56 screening patients were matched to the high-risk cases on the basis of age.

Value of Additional Digital Breast Tomosynthesis for Preoperative Staging of Breast Cancer in Dense Breasts.

Aim: This retrospective study was initiated to determine the diagnostic value of additional preoperative breast tomosynthesis (DBT) for breast cancer staging in dense breasts.

Patients And Methods: Sixty-six patients (69 breasts) with findings of American College of Radiology category 3 or 4 with Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System 5, 6 or 0 were included. All patients underwent digital mammography and additional DBT.

Breast MR imaging for the assessment of residual disease following initial surgery for breast cancer with positive margins.

Objectives: To determine the accuracy of post-operative MR in predicting residual disease in women with positive margins, emphasizing the size thresholds at which residual disease can be confidently identified.

Methods: This IRB-approved HIPAA-compliant retrospective study included 175 patients with MR after positive margins following initial surgery for breast cancer. Two expert readers independently re-evaluated MR images for evidence of residual disease at the surgical cavity and multifocal/multicentric disease.

Prognostic Value of "Prepectoral Edema" in MR-mammography.

Background/aim: Previous studies have indicated a highly significant correlation between invasive tumors and accompanying prepectoral edema (PE) in MR-mammography (MRM). The aim of the present study was to identify prognostic factors associated with PE as a diagnostic sign.

Materials And Methods: A total of 1,109 consecutive MRM exams were included in this study.

The value of "constant sharpness" as a diagnostic sign in MR-Mammography.

Purpose: To examine "constant lesion sharpness" as a morphological diagnostic sign in the differential diagnosis between benign and malignant lesions.

Material And Methods: This prospective study had institutional review board approval and was HIPAA compliant. In total 1014 consecutive patients were examined (mean age 55 years ± 13 years) and evaluated in our University hospital towards the morphological shape of the lesion borders.

Impact of Tumor Localization and Method of Preoperative Biopsy on Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping After Periareolar Nuclide Injection.

Background: To evaluate whether tumor localization and method of preoperative biopsy affect sentinel lymph node (SLN) detection after periareolar nuclide injection in breast cancer patients.

Methods And Findings: 767 breast cancer patients were retrospectively included. For lymphscintigraphy periareolar nuclide injection was performed and the SLN was located by gamma camera.

Is "prepectoral edema" a morphologic sign for malignant breast tumors?

Rationale And Objectives: A variety of morphologic and kinetic signs of benign or malignant breast lesions contribute to a final diagnosis and differential diagnosis in magnetic resonance (MR) mammography (MRM). As a new sign, prepectoral edema (PE) in patients without any history of previous biopsy, operation, radiation, or chemotherapy was detected during routine breast MR examinations. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the role of this morphologic sign in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions.

Is the assessment of the central skeleton sufficient for osseous staging in breast cancer patients? A retrospective approach using bone scans.

Objective: By analyzing bone scans we aimed to determine whether the assessment of the central skeleton is sufficient for osseous staging in breast cancer patients. This might be of interest for future staging modalities, especially positron emission tomography/computed tomography, usually sparing the peripheral extremities, as well as the skull.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 837 bone scans for initial staging or restaging of breast cancer were included.

Characteristics of axillary lymph nodes apparent on dynamic contrast-enhanced breast MRI in healthy women.

The study was initiated to characterize and better understand the natural characteristics of axillary lymph nodes (LNs) apparent on dynamic breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The most important finding in 71 subjects that included healthy women was that 41% showed strong enhanced axillary LNs. The dynamic curves of these LNs revealed an initial mean signal increase of 197% (±58%), all of them with a following plateau (34%) or washout (66%).

First description of MR mammographic findings in the tumor bed after intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) of breast cancer.

The aim was to investigate changes in the tumor bed on magnetic resonance mammography (MRM) after intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) and whether they would limit the diagnostic value of posttherapeutic MRM. We retrospectively investigated 36 patients undergoing MRM after IORT (median interval 2.8 years, range 0.

Overexpression of CD36 and acyl-CoA synthetases FATP2, FATP4 and ACSL1 increases fatty acid uptake in human hepatoma cells.

Background: Understanding the mechanisms of long chain fatty acid (LCFA) uptake in hepatic cells is of high medical importance to treat and to prevent fatty liver disease (FLD). ACSs (Acyl-CoA synthetases) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the esterification of fatty acids (FA) with CoA. Recent studies suggest that ACS enzymes drive the uptake of LCFA indirectly by their enzymatic activity and could promote special metabolic pathways dependent on their localization.