Interleukin 8-CXCR2 mediated neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in biliary atresia associated with NET-Induced stellate cell activation.

Background Aims: Biliary atresia (BA) entails an inflammatory sclerosing lesion of the biliary tree, with prominent fibrosis in infancy. Previous studies revealed neutrophil-activating IL-8 and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) positively correlated with bilirubin and risk of liver transplant. The aims of this study were to determine the mechanism of NET formation (NETosis) in BA and if NETs induce stellate cell activation.

Documenting Patient Interaction: Emergency Medical Services Report Reader Expectations and Improvements for Providers.

Introduction: Patient care reports contain critical elements related to interventions rendered and medical decision-making. Yet, little consensus exists around reader expectations, leaving emergency medical services (EMS) providers unaware of critical content.

Objectives: This 2-phase study aimed to answer the questions "What do EMS providers know about report readers?" and "What do report readers expect from reports?" through surveys and interviews.