Iron Deposition and Distribution Across the Hippocampus Is Associated with Pattern Separation and Pattern Completion in Older Adults at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease.

Elevated iron deposition in the brain has been observed in older adult humans and persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and has been associated with lower cognitive performance. We investigated the impact of iron deposition, and its topographical distribution across hippocampal subfields and segments (anterior, posterior) measured along its longitudinal axis, on episodic memory in a sample of cognitively unimpaired older adults at elevated familial risk for AD ( = 172, 120 females, 52 males; mean age = 68.8 ± 5.

Decreasing respiratory device-related pressure injuries in the NICU using 3D printed barrier templates.

Objective: Use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in very low birthweight infants to decrease the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia can also lead to pressure injuries (PI) caused by the respiratory device interface. We aimed to decrease our incidence of PIs related to the mask/prongs interface used for NIV (PI-NIV).

Study Design: We identified correct use of barriers and appropriate interface fit as key targets for intervention.

Modeling venous bias in resting state functional MRI metrics.

Resting-state (rs) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is used to detect low-frequency fluctuations in the blood oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signal across brain regions. Correlations between temporal BOLD signal fluctuations are commonly used to infer functional connectivity. However, because BOLD is based on the dilution of deoxyhemoglobin, it is sensitive to veins of all sizes, and its amplitude is biased by draining veins.

Sex-specific relationships between obesity, physical activity, and gray and white matter volume in cognitively unimpaired older adults.

Independently, obesity and physical activity (PA) influence cerebral structure in aging, yet their interaction has not been investigated. We examined sex differences in the relationships among PA, obesity, and cerebral structure in aging with 340 participants who completed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition to quantify grey matter volume (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV). Height and weight were measured to calculate body mass index (BMI).

Motor sequences; separating the sequence from the motor. A longitudinal rsfMRI study.

In motor learning, sequence specificity, i.e. the learning of specific sequential associations, has predominantly been studied using task-based fMRI paradigms.

Comparing the effect of cognitive vs. exercise training on brain MRI outcomes in healthy older adults: A systematic review.

Aging is associated with cognitive decline. Importantly cognition and cerebral health is enhanced with interventions like cognitive (CT) and exercise training (ET). However, effects of CT and ET interventions on brain magnetic resonance imaging outcomes have never been compared systematically.

White matter microstructural changes in short-term learning of a continuous visuomotor sequence.

Efficient neural transmission is crucial for optimal brain function, yet the plastic potential of white matter (WM) has long been overlooked. Growing evidence now shows that modifications to axons and myelin occur not only as a result of long-term learning, but also after short training periods. Motor sequence learning (MSL), a common paradigm used to study neuroplasticity, occurs in overlapping learning stages and different neural circuits are involved in each stage.

High resolution atlas of the venous brain vasculature from 7 T quantitative susceptibility maps.

The vascular organization of the human brain can determine neurological and neurophysiological functions, yet thus far it has not been comprehensively mapped. Aging and diseases such as dementia are known to be associated with changes to the vasculature and normative data could help detect these vascular changes in neuroimaging studies. Furthermore, given the well-known impact of venous vessels on the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal, information about the common location of veins could help detect biases in existing datasets.