Lysine Demethylase 4A is a Centrosome Associated Protein Required for Centrosome Integrity and Genomic Stability.

Centrosomes play a fundamental role in nucleating and organizing microtubules in the cell and are vital for faithful chromosome segregation and maintenance of genomic stability. Loss of structural or functional integrity of centrosomes causes genomic instability and is a driver of oncogenesis. The lysine demethylase 4A (KDM4A) is an epigenetic 'eraser' of chromatin methyl marks, which we show also localizes to the centrosome with single molecule resolution.

Single-molecule imaging in the primary cilium.

The primary cilium is an important signaling organelle critical for normal development and tissue homeostasis. Its small dimensions and complexity necessitate advanced imaging approaches to uncover the molecular mechanisms behind its function. Here, we outline how single-molecule fluorescence microscopy can be used for tracking molecular dynamics and interactions and for super-resolution imaging of nanoscale structures in the primary cilium.

A hierarchical pathway for assembly of the distal appendages that organize primary cilia.

Distal appendages are nine-fold symmetric blade-like structures attached to the distal end of the mother centriole. These structures are critical for formation of the primary cilium, by regulating at least four critical steps: ciliary vesicle recruitment, recruitment and initiation of intraflagellar transport (IFT), and removal of CP110. While specific proteins that localize to the distal appendages have been identified, how exactly each protein functions to achieve the multiple roles of the distal appendages is poorly understood.