Clemizole and La salts ameliorate angiotensin II-induced glomerular hyperpermeability in vivo.

Angiotensin II (Ang II) induces marked, dynamic increases in the permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB) in rats. After binding to its receptor, Ang II elicits Ca influx into cells, mediated by TRPC5 and TRPC6 (transient receptor potential canonical type 5 and 6). Clemizole and La salts have been shown to block TRPC channels in vitro, and we therefore tested their potential effect on Ang II-induced glomerular hyperpermeability.

Sustained, delayed, and small increments in glomerular permeability to macromolecules during systemic ET-1 infusion mediated via the ET receptor.

Emerging evidence indicates that endogenous production of endothelin (ET)-1, a 21-amino acid peptide vasoconstrictor, plays an important role in proteinuric kidney disease. Previous studies in rats have shown that chronic administration of ET-1 leads to increased glomerular albumin leakage. The underlying mechanisms are, however, currently not known.

Glomerular hyperpermeability after acute unilateral ureteral obstruction: effects of Tempol, NOS, RhoA, and Rac-1 inhibition.

It is well known that proteinuria following urinary tract obstruction is mainly of a tubular nature. However, it is unknown whether there are also changes in glomerular permeability. In this study, we compared glomerular sieving coefficients (θ) of polydisperse fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-Ficoll 70/400 following a 120- or 180-min unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats.

Nitric oxide synthase inhibition causes acute increases in glomerular permeability in vivo, dependent upon reactive oxygen species.

There is increasing evidence that the permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier (GFB) is partly regulated by a balance between the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO) and that of reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been postulated that normal or moderately elevated NO levels protect the GFB from permeability increases, whereas ROS, through reducing the bioavailability of NO, have the opposite effect. We tested the tentative antagonism between NO and ROS on glomerular permeability in anaesthetized Wistar rats, in which the left ureter was cannulated for urine collection while simultaneously blood access was achieved.