Sex related differences in applied tidal volume with flow-controlled ventilation: a subgroup analysis.

Background: Flow-controlled ventilation (FCV) ensures a constant gas flow whereby precise determination of dynamic compliance is feasible. Accordingly, ventilator pressure settings can be adjusted to achieve the highest compliance. This setting will automatically adapt tidal volume to the functionally available lung volume as a personalized approach.

The effects of bolus compared to continuous administration of adrenaline on cerebral oxygenation during experimental cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Background: Bolus administration of adrenaline during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) results in only short-term increases in systemic and cerebral perfusion pressure (CePP) with unclear effects on cerebral oxygenation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of bolus compared to continuous adrenaline administration on cerebral oxygenation in a porcine CPR model.

Methods: After five minutes of cardiac arrest, mechanical CPR was performed for 15 min.

Individualised flow-controlled ventilation reduces applied mechanical power and improves ventilation efficiency in a porcine intra-abdominal hypertension model.

Background: Aim of this study was to evaluate feasibility and effects of individualised flow-controlled ventilation (FCV), based on compliance guided pressure settings, compared to standard of pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) in a porcine intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) model. The primary aim of this study was to investigate oxygenation. Secondary aims were to assess respiratory and metabolic variables and lung tissue aeration.

Flow-controlled versus pressure-controlled ventilation in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass - A single-center, prospective, randomized, controlled trial.

Study Objective: Multifactorial comparison of flow-controlled ventilation (FCV) to standard of pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) in terms of oxygenation in cardiac surgery patients after chest closure.

Design: Prospective, non-blinded, randomized, controlled trial.

Setting: Operating theatre at an university hospital, Austria.

Improved ventilation efficiency due to continuous gas flow compared to decelerating gas flow in mechanical ventilation: results of a porcine trial.

In pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV), a decelerating gas flow pattern occurs during inspiration and expiration. In contrast, flow-controlled ventilation (FCV) guarantees a continuous gas flow throughout the entire ventilation cycle where the inspiration and expiration phases are simply performed by a change of gas flow direction. The aim of this trial was to highlight the effects of different flow patterns on respiratory variables and gas exchange.

Short time effects of compliance guided flow-controlled ventilation versus standard of care pressure-controlled ventilation: a prospective porcine trial.

Background: Flow-controlled ventilation (FCV) represents a novel ventilation method, which guarantees a continuous gas flow during inspiration and expiration. Long term comparison to volume- and pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) after five- and ten hours have shown improved gas exchange parameters and lung tissue aeration. Aim of this porcine trial was to compare gas exchange parameters and lung tissue aeration in short time application of FCV compared to PCV to determine effects which will most probably pertain in short lasting procedures under general anesthesia.

Individualised flow-controlled versus pressure-controlled ventilation in a porcine oleic acid-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome model.

Background: A continuous gas flow provided by flow-controlled ventilation (FCV) facilitates accurate dynamic compliance measurement and allows the clinician to individually optimise positive end-expiratory and peak pressure settings accordingly.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of gas exchange and impact on haemodynamics between individualised FCV and pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) in a porcine model of oleic acid-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Design: Randomised controlled interventional trial conducted on 16 pigs.

Individualised flow-controlled ventilation versus pressure-controlled ventilation in a porcine model of thoracic surgery requiring one-lung ventilation: A laboratory study.

Background: Flow-controlled ventilation (FCV) enables precise determination of dynamic compliance due to a continuous flow coupled with direct tracheal pressure measurement. Thus, pressure settings can be adjusted accordingly in an individualised approach.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare gas exchange of individualised FCV to pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) in a porcine model of simulated thoracic surgery requiring one-lung ventilation (OLV).

Impact of COVID-19 on elective, emergency and oncological surgery during the first and the second wave in a tertiary university hospital : Have we learned the lessons?

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic caused an important reduction in surgical activities during the first wave. Aim of this retrospective time-trend analysis was to examine whether also during the second wave in fall and winter 2020/2021 surgical interventions decreased.

Methods: Absolut numbers and types of surgeries in a tertiary university hospital during the second COVID-19 wave in fall/winter 2020/2021 were collected from the surgical planning software and compared with the same time frame over the last 5 years.

Impact of COVID-19 Related Lockdown on the Frequency of Acute and Oncological Surgeries-Lessons Learned From an Austrian University Hospital.

Innsbruck Medical University Hospital, Austria, provides the highest level of care for a region of approximately 1.8 million people. During the early COVID-19 outbreak in spring 2020 surgical activity was drastically reduced with the prime goal of preserving hospital capacities, especially intensive care beds.

Adrenaline improves regional cerebral blood flow, cerebral oxygenation and cerebral metabolism during CPR in a porcine cardiac arrest model using low-flow extracorporeal support.

Background: The effects of adrenaline on cerebral blood vessels during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) are not well understood. We developed an extracorporeal CPR model that maintains constant low systemic blood flow while allowing adrenaline-associated effects on cerebral vasculature to be assessed at different mean arterial pressure (MAP) levels independently of the effects on systemic blood flow.

Methods: After eight minutes of cardiac arrest, low-flow extracorporeal life support (ECLS) (30 ml/kg/min) was started in fourteen pigs.

A case report of individualized ventilation in a COVID-19 patient - new possibilities and caveats to consider with flow-controlled ventilation.

Background: Flow-controlled ventilation (FCV) is a novel ventilation method increasingly being used clinically, particularly during the current COVID-19 pandemic. However, the continuous flow pattern in FCV during inspiration and expiration has a significant impact on respiratory parameters and ventilatory settings compared to conventional ventilation modes. In addition, the constant flow combined with direct intratracheal pressure measurement allows determination of dynamic compliance and ventilation settings can be adjusted accordingly, reflecting a personalized ventilation approach.

Individualized flow-controlled ventilation compared to best clinical practice pressure-controlled ventilation: a prospective randomized porcine study.

Background: Flow-controlled ventilation is a novel ventilation method which allows to individualize ventilation according to dynamic lung mechanic limits based on direct tracheal pressure measurement at a stable constant gas flow during inspiration and expiration. The aim of this porcine study was to compare individualized flow-controlled ventilation (FCV) and current guideline-conform pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) in long-term ventilation.

Methods: Anesthetized pigs were ventilated with either FCV or PCV over a period of 10 h with a fixed FiO of 0.

Effects of different adrenaline doses on cerebral oxygenation and cerebral metabolism during cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs.

Background: The influence of adrenaline during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) on the neurological outcome of cardiac arrest survivors is unclear. As little is known about the pathophysiological effects of adrenaline on cerebral oxygen delivery and cerebral metabolism we investigated its effects on parameters of cerebral oxygenation and cerebral metabolism in a pig model of CPR.

Methods: Fourteen pigs were anesthetized, intubated and instrumented.

Effects of head-up vs. supine CPR on cerebral oxygenation and cerebral metabolism - a prospective, randomized porcine study.

Background: Recent studies have shown that during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) head-up position (HUP) as compared to standard supine position (SUP) decreases intracranial pressure (ICP) and increases cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). The impact of this manoeuvre on brain oxygenation and metabolism is not clear. We therefore investigated HUP as compared to SUP during basic life support (BLS) CPR for their effect on brain oxygenation and metabolism.