Construction of Topological Bound States in the Continuum Via Subsymmetry.

Topological bound states in the continuum (BICs) are localized topological boundary modes coexisting with a continuous spectrum of extended modes. They have been realized in systems with symmetry-protected topological phases, where their immunity to defects and perturbations depends on the presence of symmetries. Here we propose a method that transforms an in-gap topological boundary state into a BIC by using the concept of subsymmetry.

Grandiose narcissism, unfounded beliefs, and behavioral reactions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

A theoretical perspective on grandiose narcissism suggests four forms of it (sanctity, admiration, heroism, rivalry) and states that these forms conduce to different ways of thinking and acting. Guided by this perspective, we examined in a multinational and multicultural study (61 countries; N = 15,039) how narcissism forms are linked to cognitions and behaviors prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic. As expected, differences in cognitions and behaviors across narcissism forms emerged.

A Case Presentation of Three Polypoid Melanomas With Divergent Features.

Polypoid melanoma, a subtype of nodular melanoma, is classified as the most aggressive and deadly form of cutaneous melanoma. Its rapid vertical growth phase and a wide array of divergent features make clinical diagnosis extremely difficult. This report includes three cases of polypoid melanoma that were all originally thought to be other benign lesions or non-melanoma cancer.

Relationship of Histopathologic Parameters and Gene Expression Profiling in Malignant Melanoma.

Background: Histopathologic characteristics (HC) are a mainstay in melanoma prognosis; gene expression profiling (GEP) has emerged as a potential additional independent value.

Objective: To elucidate HC predictive of groups obtained via GEP of malignant melanoma.

Methods: A retrospective study analyzing HC of 265 melanomas submitted for GEP over the course of 8 years.

The Dangers of Analyzing Thermographic Radiometric Data as Images.

Thermography is probably the most used method of measuring surface temperature by analyzing radiation in the infrared part of the spectrum which accuracy depends on factors such as emissivity and reflected radiation. Contrary to popular belief that thermographic images represent temperature maps, they are actually thermal radiation converted into an image, and if not properly calibrated, they show incorrect temperatures. The objective of this study is to analyze commonly used image processing techniques and their impact on radiometric data in thermography.

Complex temperature dependence of the dielectric response in simple SmC* phases.

The system under study has a SmA*↔SmC* phase sequence and is described by a basic phenomenological model. However, in contrast to a common approach, changes of the polarisation induced by the external electric field are considered independent of changes of the tilt. As a result, even in the basic model, which does not contain any additional terms usually used to obtain better fits to experimental observations, the frequencies of most of the relaxation modes depend on the temperature non-linearly and their dielectric response is not inversely proportional to the frequency of the mode.

Dynamically Emerging Topological Phase Transitions in Nonlinear Interacting Soliton Lattices.

We demonstrate dynamical topological phase transitions in evolving Su-Schrieffer-Heeger lattices made of interacting soliton arrays, which are entirely driven by nonlinearity and thereby exemplify an emergent nonlinear topological phenomenon. The phase transitions occur from the topologically trivial-to-nontrivial phase in periodic succession with crossovers from the topologically nontrivial-to-trivial regime. The signature of phase transition is the gap-closing and reopening point, where two extended states are pulled from the bands into the gap to become localized topological edge states.

Nonlinear control of photonic higher-order topological bound states in the continuum.

Higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) are recently discovered topological phases, possessing symmetry-protected corner states with fractional charges. An unexpected connection between these states and the seemingly unrelated phenomenon of bound states in the continuum (BICs) was recently unveiled. When nonlinearity is added to the HOTI system, a number of fundamentally important questions arise.

Cutaneous Secondary Syphilis Resembling Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer.

The cutaneous manifestations of secondary syphilis can vary significantly between patients, leading to a more difficult or delayed diagnosis. Here we present an instructive case of secondary syphilis in a 45-year-old, HIV-positive male patient. He presented with a solitary, crusted anterior neck nodule without concomitant systemic symptoms.

Nontrivial coupling of light into a defect: the interplay of nonlinearity and topology.

The flourishing of topological photonics in the last decade was achieved mainly due to developments in linear topological photonic structures. However, when nonlinearity is introduced, many intriguing questions arise. For example, are there universal fingerprints of the underlying topology when modes are coupled by nonlinearity, and what can happen to topological invariants during nonlinear propagation? To explore these questions, we experimentally demonstrate nonlinearity-induced coupling of light into topologically protected edge states using a photonic platform and develop a general theoretical framework for interpreting the mode-coupling dynamics in nonlinear topological systems.

Factors Associated With Ovarian Preservation in Children and Adolescents With Primary Tumors of Ovary.

Objective: To determine management of pediatric ovarian masses and identify the factors associated with ovarian preservation.

Methods: From January, 2002 to January, 2019 the case records of 72 patients (median age 14 y), who underwent surgery for ovarian tumors were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: Tumors were most common in the age group 14-17 yrs (58.

Chiroclinic effect and the phase diagram of achiral polar molecules in the antiferroelectric smectic B_{2} phase.

The paper presents a detailed analysis of the effects of chiral doping on antiferroelectric B_{2} subphases in bent core systems. The studied system exhibits the phase sequence SmA↔SmAP_{A}↔SmC_{S}P_{A}. The chiral dopant induces the tilt in the SmAP_{A} phase or the tilt modulation in the SmC_{S}P_{A} phase, which is known as the chiroclinic effect, but it also influences the stability ranges and the order of the transition between the phases.

Concordance of somatic mutation profiles (BRAF,NRAS, and TERT) and tumoral PD-L1 in matched primary cutaneous and metastatic melanoma samples.

Despite the efficacy of BRAF-targeted and PD-L1-related immune therapies in tackling metastatic melanoma, a significant number of patients exhibit resistance. Given this, the objective of the current study was to ascertain concordance of somatic mutations in BRAF/NRAS/TERT and immunohistochemical PD-L1 and CD8 in matched primary cutaneous and metastatic melanoma. A total of 43 archival paired samples with sufficient material for genetic and immunohistochemical analyses met the criteria for inclusion in the study.

Quantum Hall Effect with Composites of Magnetic Flux Tubes and Charged Particles.

Composites formed from charged particles and magnetic flux tubes, proposed by Wilczek, are one model for anyons-particles obeying fractional statistics. Here we propose a scheme for realizing charged flux tubes, in which a charged object with an intrinsic magnetic dipole moment is placed between two semi-infinite blocks of a high-permeability (μ_{r}) material, and the images of the magnetic moment create an effective flux tube. We show that the scheme can lead to a realization of Wilczek's anyons, when a two-dimensional electron system, which exhibits the integer quantum Hall effect, is sandwiched between two blocks of the high-μ_{r} material with a temporally fast response (in the cyclotron and Larmor frequency range).

Two Cases of Lepromatous Leprosy from Exposure to Armadillos in Florida.

The first patient was a 41-year-old white man who was referred to the dermatology clinic with a 2-year history of numerous erythematous, hypoesthetic, poorly demarcated papules and plaques present on the trunk, buttocks, and bilateral upper and lower extremities (Figures 1 and 2). The lesions had initially begun as localized erythematous plaques on the right flank, and were diagnosed and treated as cellulitis and allergic contact dermatitis by primary care on separate occasions, with no resolution and continued gradual but persistent spread.

Eccrine-Centric Melanocytic Nevus.

Benign melanocytic neoplasms present with a diverse array of well-known histopathologic patterns. It is imperative to recognize the benign patterns to render accurate diagnoses. We describe here an interesting and hitherto not described low-power architectural pattern of a benign melanocytic lesion: eccrine-centric melanocytic nevus.

Feasibility study in teledermatopathology: An examination of the histopathologic features of mycosis fungoides and spongiotic dermatitis.

Background: Digital pathology offers numerous advantages, allowing remote information sharing using whole slide imaging (WSI) to digitize an entire glass slide (GS) at high resolution, creating a digital slide (DS).

Methods: In this study, we examine the concordance in diagnoses made on 40 digital slides (DSs) vs traditional GSs in differentiating between spongiotic dermatitis (SD) and patch/plaque-stage mycosis fungoides (MF).

Results: Greater interobserver concordance rate in final diagnosis of SD vs MF was observed with the utilization of DS (86.

Comparing whole slide digital images versus traditional glass slides in the detection of common microscopic features seen in dermatitis.

Background: The quality and limitations of digital slides are not fully known. We aimed to estimate intrapathologist discrepancy in detecting specific microscopic features on glass slides and digital slides created by scanning at ×20.

Methods: Hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff glass slides were digitized using the Mirax Scan (Carl Zeiss Inc.

Role of histological findings and pathologic diagnosis for detection of human papillomavirus infection in men.

Early HPV infection in males is difficult to detect clinically and pathologically. This study assessed histopathology in diagnosing male genital HPV. External genital lesions (n = 352) were biopsied, diagnosed by a dermatopathologist, and HPV genotyped.

Glomus-like bodies within a neurofibroma: a novel neoplasm arising in neurofibromatosis type 1 or a coincidence?

Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a relatively common genetic disorder with variable phenotypes. Tumors with features of both glomus tumors and neurofibromas are exceedingly rare in literature. Herein, we report a not yet described neoplasm with features of both a glomangioma/glomus tumor and a neurofibroma arising in a patient with segmental neurofibromatosis.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the base of the tongue metastasizing to the scalp.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare neoplasm that originates from secretory glands, most commonly from the salivary glands. We present a 76 year-old white man with a history of adenoid cystic carcinoma from the base of the tongue diagnosed 15 years prior to the development of the metastatic lesion on his mid-posterior scalp. The present case represents the second reported instance of an extracutaneous adenoid cystic carcinoma metastasizing to the scalp.

Analysis of tumor mitotic rate in thin metastatic melanomas compared with thin melanomas without metastasis using both the hematoxylin and eosin and anti-phosphohistone 3 IHC stain.

Studies have suggested that elevated tumor mitotic rate (MR) is linked to overall survival in thin melanoma. Recently, promising data regarding anti-phosphohistone 3 (pHH3) immunohistochemistry and its ability to aid in calculation of MR have emerged. The authors retrospectively analyzed original biopsies from 13 thin melanomas with positive sentinel node (SN) status and 16 thin melanomas with negative SN status.

Hyperspectral imaging of melanocytic lesions.

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) allows the identification of objects through the analysis of their unique spectral signatures. Although first developed many years ago for use in terrestrial remote sensing, this technology has more recently been studied for application in the medical field. With preliminary data favoring a role for HSI in distinguishing normal and lesional skin tissues, we sought to investigate the potential use of HSI as a diagnostic aid in the classification of atypical Spitzoid neoplasms, a group of lesions that often leave dermatopathologists bewildered.

OpenSlide: A vendor-neutral software foundation for digital pathology.

Although widely touted as a replacement for glass slides and microscopes in pathology, digital slides present major challenges in data storage, transmission, processing and interoperability. Since no universal data format is in widespread use for these images today, each vendor defines its own proprietary data formats, analysis tools, viewers and software libraries. This creates issues not only for pathologists, but also for interoperability.