Effects of Isocyanate Structure on the Properties of Polyurethane: Synthesis, Performance, and Self-Healing Characteristics.

Polyurethane (PU) plays a critical role in elastomers, adhesives, and self-healing materials. We selected the most commonly used aromatic isocyanates, 4,4'-methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) and tolylene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI), and the most commonly used aliphatic isocyanates, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate (HMDI), as raw materials, combined with polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMG) and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) to successfully synthesize five PU materials. The effects of isocyanate structure on polymerization rate, hydrogen bonding, thermal properties, phase separation, wettability, self-healing performance, adhesion, and mechanical properties were systematically investigated.

Spatial cell interplay networks of regulatory T cells predict recurrence in patients with operable non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The interplay between regulatory T cells (Tregs) and neighboring cells, which is pivotal for anti-tumor immunity and closely linked to patient prognosis, remains to be fully elucidated.

Methods: Tissue microarrays of 261 operable NSCLC patients were stained by multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) assay, and the interaction between Tregs and neighboring cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) was evaluated. Employing various machine learning algorithms, we developed a spatial immune signature to predict the prognosis of NSCLC patients.

Spatial features of specific CD103CD8 tissue-resident memory T cell subsets define the prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Tissue-resident memory T (T) cells can reside in the tumor microenvironment and are considered the primary response cells to immunotherapy. Heterogeneity in functional status and spatial distribution may contribute to the controversial role of T cells but we know little about it.

Methods: Through multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) (CD8, CD103, PD-1, Tim-3, GZMB, CK), the quantity and spatial location of T cell subsets were recognized in the tissue from 274 patients with NSCLC after radical surgery.

Pan-cancer analysis identifies protein arginine methyltransferases and and their related signatures as markers associated with prognosis, immune profile, and therapeutic response in lung adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) regulate several signal transduction pathways involved in cancer progression. Recently, it has been reported that PRMTs are closely related to anti-tumor immunity; however, the underlying mechanisms have yet to be studied in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In this study, we focused on PRMT1 and PRMT5, key members of the PRMT family.

Noncoding RNAs: an emerging modulator of drug resistance in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic cancer is the eighth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chemotherapy including gemcitabine, 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin and cisplatin, immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapy have been demonstrated to significantly improve prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients with advanced diseases. However, most patients developed drug resistance to these therapeutic agents, which leading to shortened patient survival.

Functional status and spatial architecture of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells are associated with lymph node metastases in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Anti-PD-(L)1 immunotherapy has been recommended for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with lymph node metastases (LNM). However, the exact functional feature and spatial architecture of tumor-infiltrating CD8 + T cells remain unclear in these patients.

Methods: Tissue microarrays (TMAs) from 279 IA-IIIB NSCLC samples were stained by multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) for 11 markers (CD8, CD103, PD-1, Tim3, GZMB, CD4, Foxp3, CD31, αSMA, Hif-1α, pan-CK).

The role of spatial interplay patterns between PD-L1-positive tumor cell and T cell in recurrence of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To explore the relationship between the spatial interaction of programmed death-ligand 1(PD-L1)-positive tumor cell and T cell with specific functions and the recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and optimize prognostic stratification.

Materials And Methods: This study retrospectively included 104 patients with locally advanced NSCLC who underwent radical surgery. Tissue microarrays were constructed including tumor center (TC) and invasion margin (IM), and CK/CD4/CD8/PD-L1/programmed death-1 (PD-1) was labeled using multiplex immunofluorescence to decipher the counts and spatial distribution of tumor cells and T cells.

Functional status and spatial interaction of T cell subsets driven by specific tumor microenvironment correlate with recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: The anti-tumoral or pro-tumoral roles of CD4 and CD8 T cells typify the complexity of T cell subsets function in cancer. In the non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the density and topology of distinct T cell phenotypes at the tumor center (TC) versus the invasive margin (IM) are largely unknown. Here, we investigated T cell subsets density and distribution within TC and IM regions in NSCLC and its impact on the prognosis.

Single-cell transcriptomics dissects epithelial heterogeneity in HPV cervical adenocarcinoma.

The intra- and intertumoral heterogeneity of epithelial cells in human papillomavirus (HPV ) cervical adenocarcinoma (CEAD) remains largely unknown. To investigate this issue, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing on 19 229 epithelial cells sorted from three tumor samples of three patients with HPV CEAD. Six epithelial subclusters (Epi1-Epi6) were identified that showed distinct gene expression.

Clinical Outcome-Related Cancer Pathways and Mutational Signatures in Patients With Unresectable Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Treated With Chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: Definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) is a standard-of-care for locally advanced unresectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, even in individuals treated with the same dCRT regimen, differences in the local control rate and radiation-induced thoracic toxicity exist (radiation-induced esophagitis [RIE]).

Methods And Materials: Here, we describe a comprehensive genomic evaluation of pretreatment tumor tissue samples from 183 patients with ESCC using targeted sequencing of 474 cancer-related genes.

Morphological Evolution and Damping Properties of Dynamically Vulcanized Butyl Rubber/Polypropylene Thermoplastic Elastomers.

We successfully prepared butyl rubber (IIR)/polypropylene (PP) thermoplastic vulcanizate (IIR/PP-TPV) for shock-absorption devices by dynamic vulcanization (DV) using octyl-phenolic resin as a vulcanizing agent and studied the morphological evolution and properties during DV. We found that the damping temperature region of the IIR/PP-TPV broadened with the disappearance of the glass transition temperature (T) in the PP phase, which is ascribed to the improvement of compatibility between the IIR and PP with increasing DV time. As DV progresses, the size of the dispersed IIR particles and the PP crystalline phase decreases, leading to the formation of a sea-island morphology.

Novel Implications of MicroRNAs, Long Non-coding RNAs and Circular RNAs in Drug Resistance of Esophageal Cancer.

Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common malignancy and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chemotherapy based on platinum drugs, 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, paclitaxel, gemcitabine, and vinorelbine, as well as targeted treatment and immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors improved the prognosis in a portion of patients with advanced esophageal cancer. Unfortunately, a number of esophageal cancer patients develop drug resistance, resulting in poor outcomes.

Clinicopathologic analysis of microscopic tumor extension in glioma for external beam radiotherapy planning.

Background: There is no consensus regarding the clinical target volume (CTV) margins in radiotherapy for glioma. In this study, we aimed to perform a complete macropathologic analysis examining microscopic tumor extension (ME) to more accurately define the CTV in glioma.

Methods: Thirty-eight supra-total resection specimens of glioma patients were examined on histologic sections.

The decreased platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio could predict a good prognosis in patients with oligometastatic colorectal cancer: a single-center cohort retrospective study.

Background: Inflammation markers have an important effect on tumor proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Oligometastatic disease (OMD) is an intermediate state between widespread metastases and locally confined disease, where curative strategies may be effective for some patients. We aimed to explore the predictive value of inflammatory markers in patients with oligometastatic colorectal cancer (OMCC) and build a nomogram to predict the prognosis of these patients.

Elevated mRNA Level of Y-Box Binding Protein 1 Indicates Unfavorable Prognosis Correlated with Macrophage Infiltration and T Cell Exhaustion in Luminal Breast Cancer.

Purpose: The Y-box binding protein 1 () gene encodes the multifunctional protein YB1 that is associated with the dysregulation of numerous cancer-related genes. However, the prognostic value of and its correlation with immune cell infiltration in breast cancer (BRCA) remain unclear.

Methods: expression data in various malignancies were obtained from Oncomine, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia, UALCAN and cBio Cancer Genomics Portal databases.

Application Research of Individualized Conditional Reprogramming System to Guide Treatment of Gastric Cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common causes of malignant tumors in the world. Due to the high heterogeneity of GC and lack of specificity of available chemotherapy regimens, these tumors are prone to resistance, recurrence, and metastasis. Here, we formulated an individualized chemotherapy regimen for GC using a modified individual conditional reprogramming (i-CR) system.

Determining optimal clinical target volume margins in high-grade glioma based on microscopic tumor extension and magnetic resonance imaging.

Introduction: In this study, we performed a consecutive macropathologic analysis to assess microscopic extension (ME) in high-grade glioma (HGG) to determine appropriate clinical target volume (CTV) margins for radiotherapy.

Materials And Methods: The study included HGG patients with tumors located in non-functional areas, and supratotal resection was performed. The ME distance from the edge of the tumor to the microscopic tumor cells surrounding brain tissue was measured.

Inhibition of NADPH oxidase 4 attenuates lymphangiogenesis and tumor metastasis in breast cancer.

Lymphangiogenesis is thought to contribute to promote tumor cells to enter lymphatic vessels and plant at a secondary site. Endothelial cells are the cornerstone of the generation of new lymphatic vessels. NADPH oxidase 4 (Nox4) is the most abundant one of NADPH oxidases in endothelial cells and the most studied one in relevance with cancer.

Robust performance of a novel stool DNA test of methylated SDC2 for colorectal cancer detection: a multicenter clinical study.

Background And Aims: Stool DNA testing is an emerging and attractive option for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. We previously evaluated the feasibility of a stool DNA (sDNA) test of methylated SDC2 for CRC detection. The aim of this study was to assess its performance in a multicenter clinical trial setting.

Noncoding RNAs in gastric cancer: implications for drug resistance.

Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignancy and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Advanced gastric cancer patients can notably benefit from chemotherapy including adriamycin, platinum drugs, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine, and paclitaxel as well as targeted therapy drugs. Nevertheless, primary drug resistance or acquisition drug resistance eventually lead to treatment failure and poor outcomes of the gastric cancer patients.

Evaluation of antiviral effect and toxicity of total flavonoids extracted from Robinia pseudoacacia cv. idaho.

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the antiviral effect of total flavonoids extracted from Robinia pseudoacacia cv. idaho (RPTF) in vivo and its toxicity on rats with oral gavage. RPTF was prepared by percolation with 70% ethanol for 24 h and its antiviral effect on different kinds of viruses was evaluated in vitro by MTT staining.

A case report of targeted therapy with apatinib in a patient with recurrent high grade glioma.

Rationale: Despite the approval of antiangiogenic therapy for high grade glioma (HGG) patients, survival benefits are still limited. New treatment plans have always been developed to improve the survival.

Patient Concerns: A 26-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for distending pain of head and eye.

Prognostic significance of lymphatic vessel invasion diagnosed by D2-40 in Chinese invasive breast cancers.

Lymphatic vessel invasion (LVI) is promising in determining prognosis and treatment strategies, but the application of LVI as a histopathological criterion in breast cancer patients especially those of different subgroups is controversial. This research aims to evaluate the prognostic value of LVI assessed by D2-40 not only in patients with early invasive breast cancer but also in lymph node-negative, lymph node-positive, luminal A-like, luminal B-like, HER2-enriched, and triple-negative subgroups.The study cohort included 255 patients with a median follow-up of 101 months.