From 'publish or perish' to 'publish with purpose': perspectives from young adults with lived and living experience on transforming academic publishing in patient-oriented research.

Background: This commentary article critically assesses the inclusion and recognition of young adults with lived and living experiences (YALLE) in academic publishing. Stemming from our involvement in a health research study, this analysis interrogates the disparity between the stated importance of YALLE contributions in health research and their actual recognition, specifically in academic publications, which serve as the principal "currency" in research. This tokenism limits the potential for their unique insights to substantially enrich the discourse and dissemination of knowledge.

Relationship between smoking and pulmonary tuberculosis based on positive sputum smears.

Introduction: Smoking and tuberculosis are the two major, global health problems. Not only active smokers but also passive smokers are at risk of becoming infected with tuberculosis. Through many mechanisms, smoking decreases immunity and predisposes to numerous infections.

Comparison of EndoSuture vs fenestrated aortic aneurysm repair in treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms with unfavorable neck anatomy.

Background: Hostile aortic neck anatomy is associated with loss of proximal seal and increased late reinterventions. Although both EndoSuture aneurysm repair (ESAR) and fenestrated endovascular aortic repair (FEVAR) are commercially available options for treatment of short neck aneurysms, branch vessel patency is a potential tradeoff for improved seal with FEVAR owing to the incorporation of renovisceral vessels. This study compares the performance of ESAR vs FEVAR in hostile aortic necks.

Long-term outcomes of elective endovascular vs open repair of popliteal artery aneurysms in the VISION database.

Background: The best modality for elective popliteal artery aneurysm repair (PAR) remains controversial. Most single-center studies suggest that open popliteal aneurysm repair (OPAR) is more durable than endovascular PAR (EPAR), but large, randomized, multicenter studies are lacking. This study compares long-term outcomes of EPAR and OPAR in the Vascular Quality Initiative-Vascular Implant Surveillance and Interventional Outcomes Network (VISION) database.

Bioprospecting Endophytic Fungi of Forest Plants for Bioactive Metabolites with Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Antioxidant Potentials.

The growing emergence of multi-drug resistant microbial strains has kept the scientific world searching for novel bioactive compounds with specific chemical characteristics. Accordingly, researchers have started exploring the understudied metabolites from endophytes as a new source of bioactive compounds. In this context, the current study was designed to evaluate the bioactive properties of endophytic fungi from the Mokrzański forest in Wrocław, Poland that have not yet been fully researched.

Sirtinol, a SIRT1 inhibitor, inhibits the EMT and metastasis of 4T1 breast cancer cells and impacts the tumor microenvironment.

Introduction: The impact of epigenetic drugs on metastasis and the immunological microenvironment is poorly understood. In this study, we looked at how sirtinol, a SIRT1 inhibitor, affected epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), metastasis, and the immune cells.

Materials And Methods: experiments were carried out using tumor conditioned medium (TCM).

Bioavailability of a novel sustained-release pellet formulation of 5-flucytosine in healthy-fed participants for use in patients with cryptococcal meningitis.

Cryptococcal meningoencephalitis (CM) is an opportunistic fungal infection and a major cause of death among people living with human immunodeficiency virus in sub-Saharan Africa. 5-flucytosine (5-FC) is a unique, brain-permeable antifungal agent used to reduce mortality from CM and to prevent disease in individuals carrying cryptococcal antigen. 5-FC has a short plasma half-life, requiring 6-hourly oral dosing with an immediate-release (IR) formulation, a significant challenge in hospital and outpatient settings, risking a lack of compliance.

First-in-human dose escalation trial to evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of an anti-MAGEA1 autologous TCR-transgenic T cell therapy in relapsed and refractory solid tumors.

Rationale Of The Trial: Although the use of engineered T cells in cancer immunotherapy has greatly advanced the treatment of hematological malignancies, reaching meaningful clinical responses in the treatment of solid tumors is still challenging. We investigated the safety and tolerability of IMA202 in a first-in-human, dose escalation basket trial in human leucocyte antigen A*02:01 positive patients with melanoma-associated antigen A1 (MAGEA1)-positive advanced solid tumors.

Trial Design: The 2+2 trial design was an algorithmic design based on a maximally acceptable dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) rate of 25% and the sample size was driven by the algorithmic design with a maximum of 16 patients.

Presentation and patterns of reinterventions after revascularization in patients with premature peripheral arterial disease.

Objective: Premature peripheral arterial disease (PAD) (age ≤50 years) has been shown to negatively impact the outcomes of lower extremity revascularization (LER). Patients with premature PAD have an increased risk of major amputation compared with older patients. The primary goal of this study is to compare the frequency of reinterventions after LER in patients with premature PAD to their older counterparts with common age of presentation (ie, 60-80 years).

Correction: Satam et al. Next-Generation Sequencing Technology: Current Trends and Advancements. 2023, , 997.

We are very thankful to the commentator for pointing out the issues in the review article by Satam et al [...

Primus Inter PARES: First among equals-practical strategies for young adult PAtient RESearch partners (PARES) by young adult PARES.

Background: This manuscript is coauthored by 15 young adult Patient RESearch partners (PARES) with lived and living mental health experiences and three institutional researchers across Canada involved in a patient-oriented research (POR) study called the HEARTS Study: Helping Enable Access and Remove Barriers To Support for Young Adults with Mental Health-Related Disabilities. We share our reflections, experiences and lessons learned as we grapple with the field of POR for its lack of clarity, hierarchical structures, internalized ableism, and accessibility challenges, among others. To mitigate the difficulties of POR, we started by laying the groundwork for equality by embracing the principle of Primus Inter Pares: First Among Equals as the foundation of our approach.

Practical Synthesis of 6-Amino-1-hydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborolane: A Key Intermediate of DNDI-6148.

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a parasitic, poverty-linked, neglected disease, is endemic across multiple regions of the world and fatal if untreated. There is an urgent need for a better and more affordable treatment for VL. DNDI-6148 is a promising drug candidate being evaluated for the treatment of VL; however, the current process for producing the key intermediate of DNDI-6148, 6-amino-1-hydroxy-2,1-benzoxaborolane, is expensive and difficult to scale up.

Perioperative complications of minor and major reinterventions for peripheral arterial disease.

Introduction: Patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) frequently require reinterventions after lower-extremity revascularization (LER) to maintain perfusion. Current Society for Vascular Surgery guidelines define reinterventions as major or minor based on the magnitude of the procedure. While prior studies have compared primary LER procedures of different magnitudes, similar studies for reinterventions have not been performed.

Insulin Requirement and Infrainguinal Bypass Outcomes in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for peripheral artery disease. The association of DM with major adverse limb events (MALE) after lower extremity revascularization remains controversial, as patients with diabetes are typically analyzed as a single, homogenous group. Using a large national database, this study examines the impact of insulin use and glycemic control on the outcomes following infrainguinal bypass.

Genes in Gastric Cancer: A Tumor-Suppressive Role for .

Tribbles pseudokinases (TRIB1-3) are important signaling modulators involved in several cancers. However, their function in gastric cancer (GC) remains undefined. GC is still a deadly disease since the lack of sensitive and specific biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapy response prediction negatively affects patients' outcome.

Hybrid repair of an innominate artery pseudoaneurysm after blunt traumatic injury in a bovine arch.

Innominate artery injury is an uncommon consequence of blunt trauma to the neck due to its protected position behind the thorax. A 38-year-old male presented as a trauma with a right-sided pseudoaneurysm emanating from the distal innominate artery after falling from a three-story building. On imaging, he also had a bovine arch.

Arm ischemia in a 4-year-old boy with supracondylar fracture of the humerus due to constraining bands over the brachial artery.

Supracondylar humerus fractures are common in children and can compromise the brachial artery in 5% to 15% of cases. A 4-year-old boy with a left supracondylar fracture developed upper extremity ischemia after pinning of the fracture. Computed tomography angiography revealed cutoff of flow in the brachial artery.

Next-Generation Sequencing Technology: Current Trends and Advancements.

The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has brought about a paradigm shift in genomics research, offering unparalleled capabilities for analyzing DNA and RNA molecules in a high-throughput and cost-effective manner. This transformative technology has swiftly propelled genomics advancements across diverse domains. NGS allows for the rapid sequencing of millions of DNA fragments simultaneously, providing comprehensive insights into genome structure, genetic variations, gene expression profiles, and epigenetic modifications.

Sex hormones impact early maturation and immune response in the arteriovenous fistula mouse model.

Arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) fail to mature more frequently in female patients compared with male patients, leading to inferior outcomes and decreased utilization. Since our mouse AVF model recapitulates sex differences in human AVF maturation, we hypothesized that sex hormones mediate these differences during AVF maturation. C57BL/6 mice (9-11 wk) were treated with aortocaval AVF surgery and/or gonadectomy.

The management of patients with popliteal artery aneurysms presenting with acute limb ischemia.

Objective: Endovascular popliteal artery aneurysm (PAA) repair has acceptable outcomes compared with open repair for elective therapy. Endovascular repair for urgent PAA causing acute limb ischemia (ALI) has not been well-studied. This project compares outcomes of urgent endovascular and open repair of PAA with ALI.

Arterial Diameter and Percentage of Monocytes are Sex-Dependent Predictors of Early Arteriovenous Fistula Maturation.

Background: Arteriovenous fistulae mature less frequently in women than in men, leading to inferior patency and decreased fistula utilization in women. We hypothesized that both anatomic and physiologic sex differences explain reduced maturation.

Methods: The electronic medical records of patients who had a primary arteriovenous fistula created from 2016 to 2021 at a single center were reviewed; sample size was determined using a power calculation.

Incidence and Significance of Deep Venous Reflux in Patients Treated with Saphenous Vein Ablation.

Background: Venous ablation (VA) of the saphenous vein is the most common procedure performed for venous insufficiency. The incidence of concomitant deep venous reflux (DVR) in patients undergoing VA is unknown. Our hypothesis is that patients undergoing saphenous VA with concomitant DVR exhibit a higher clinical, etiology, anatomy, and pathophysiology (CEAP) stage and less relief after VA compared to patients without DVR.

Combined Targeting of Pathogenetic Mechanisms in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Elicits Synergistic Antitumor Effects.

Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (PanNENs) are the second most common malignancy of the pancreas. Surgery remains the only curative treatment for localized disease. For patients with inoperable advanced or metastatic disease, few targeted therapies are available, but their efficacy is unpredictable and variable.

Virtual vascular surgery interest group during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Objectives: Early exposure to vascular surgery at the medical student level positively influences one's decision to apply into an integrated vascular surgery residency program. Vascular surgery interest groups (VSIGs) are student-run and aim to facilitate such exposure, traditionally via in-person events. Social distancing during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic disrupted these interactions.