Paradigm shift in Nutrient-Energy-Water centered sustainable wastewater treatment system through synergy of bioelectrochemical system and anaerobic digestion.

With advancements in research and the necessity of improving the performance of bioelectrochemical system (BES), coupling anaerobic digestion (AD) with BES is crucial for energy gain from wastewater and bioremediation. Hybridization of BES-AD concept opens new avenues for pollutant degradation, carbon capture and nutrient-resource recovery from wastewater. The strength of merging BES-AD lies in synergy, and this approach was employed to differentiate fads from strategies with the potential for full-scale implementation and making it an energy-positive system.

Quantitative real-time in-cell imaging reveals heterogeneous clusters of proteins prior to condensation.

Our current understanding of biomolecular condensate formation is largely based on observing the final near-equilibrium condensate state. Despite expectations from classical nucleation theory, pre-critical protein clusters were recently shown to form under subsaturation conditions in vitro; if similar long-lived clusters comprising more than a few molecules are also present in cells, our understanding of the physical basis of biological phase separation may fundamentally change. Here, we combine fluorescence microscopy with photobleaching analysis to quantify the formation of clusters of NELF proteins in living, stressed cells.

Intelligent Feature Selection for ECG-Based Personal Authentication Using Deep Reinforcement Learning.

In this study, the optimal features of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals were investigated for the implementation of a personal authentication system using a reinforcement learning (RL) algorithm. ECG signals were recorded from 11 subjects for 6 days. Consecutive 5-day datasets (from the 1st to the 5th day) were trained, and the 6th dataset was tested.

Micron-Sized SiO-Graphite Compound as Anode Materials for Commercializable Lithium-Ion Batteries.

The electrode concept of graphite and silicon blending has recently been utilized as the anode in the current lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) industry, accompanying trials of improvement of cycling life in the commercial levels of electrode conditions, such as the areal capacity of approximately 3.3 mAh/cm and volumetric capacity of approximately 570 mAh/cm. However, the blending concept has not been widely explored in the academic reports, which focused mainly on how much volume expansion of electrodes could be mitigated.

Efficiently Updating ECG-Based Biometric Authentication Based on Incremental Learning.

Recently, the interest in biometric authentication based on electrocardiograms (ECGs) has increased. Nevertheless, the ECG signal of a person may vary according to factors such as the emotional or physical state, thus hindering authentication. We propose an adaptive ECG-based authentication method that performs incremental learning to identify ECG signals from a subject under a variety of measurement conditions.

Effects of Melting Conditions on Cerium Oxidation State and Catalytic Properties of CeO₂-P₂O Glass Systems.

As with any solvent, stabilizing a multivalent element at a given oxidation state in glass depends on the thermodynamic conditions. The effects of temperature on the oxidation-reduction equilibrium have been previously noted with higher temperatures being more conducive to reduced states. Herein, 30CeO₂-70P₂O binary system glasses were prepared.

Impact of commercial cigarette smoke condensate on brain tissue co-cultured with astrocytes and blood-brain barrier endothelial cells.

The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effect of two commercial cigarette smoke condensates (CCSC) on oxidative stress and cell cytotoxicity in human brain (T98G) or astrocytes (U-373 MG) in the presence of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC). Cell viability of mono-culture of T98G or U-373 MG was markedly decreased in a concentration-dependent manner, and T98G was more susceptible than U-373 MG to CCSC exposure. Cytotoxicity was less prominent when T98G was co-cultured with HBMEC than when T98G was co-cultured with U-373 MG.

Oxidative Stress Induced by Cigarette Smoke Extracts in Human Brain Cells (T98G) and Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells (HBMEC) in Mono- and Co-Culture.

The objective of the current study was to examine oxidative stress induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) or cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) in human brain cells (T98G) and human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) in mono- and co-culture systems. Cell viability of T98G cells exposed to CSC (0.05-4 mg/ml) was significantly decreased compared to CSE (0.

Microbial bioconversion and processing methods enhance the phenolic acid and flavonoids and the radical scavenging capacity of Smilax china L. leaf.

Background: It has been reported that Smilax china L. leaf (SCL) provided various biological functions owing to polyphenols. The objective of the current study was to assess the enhancing effect of processing methods and microbial conversions on phenolic acid and flavonoid content and radical scavenging capacity of SCL for potential applications of diverse food products.