Subcutaneous Interferon β-1a Administration by Electronic Auto-injector is Associated with High Adherence in Patients with Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis in a Real-life Study.

The objective was to investigate adherence measured by an electronic auto-injector device, and self-reported adherence and treatment convenience in subjects with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), using an electronic auto-injector Rebismart to self-inject interferon β-1a. Thirty one patients with RRMS using the electronic auto-injector Rebismart for self-injecting interferon β-1a subcutaneously three times weekly were included in a real-life clinical multicenter study for 24 weeks in Finland. Mean adherence reported by the device and mean self-assessment of adherence were studied.

Factors influencing long-term outcomes in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: PRISMS-15.

Aim: An exploratory study of the relationship between cumulative exposure to subcutaneous (sc) interferon (IFN) β-1a treatment and other possible prognostic factors with long-term clinical outcomes in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).

Methods: Patients in the original PRISMS study were invited to a single follow-up visit 15 years after initial randomisation (PRISMS-15). Outcomes over 15 years were compared in the lowest and highest quartile of the cumulative sc IFN β-1a dose groups, and according to total time receiving sc IFN β-1a as a continuous variable per 5 years of treatment.

Plasminogen activators and their inhibitors in human saliva and salivary gland tissue.

The purpose of this study was to identify plasminogen activators (PA) and their specific inhibitors in human cell-free saliva and to investigate their expression in salivary gland tissue. Saliva samples were obtained from 34 patients visiting a neurological out-patient department. The activities of tissue and urokinase plasminogen activators (tPA and uPA, respectively), the relative inhibition of tPA, and the amounts of plasminogen activator inhibitors 1 and 2 (PAI-1 and PAI-2, respectively) in cell-free saliva were studied.