Two-centre comparative experimental study of biparametric MRI at 3.0 T with and without endorectal coil using kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa) as a phantom for human prostate.

Background: Application of an endorectal coil (ERC) for 3.0-T prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is contentious. We hypothesised that a multicoil phased-array protocol provides T2-weighted images (T2WI) and diffusion-weighted images (DWI) with reduced field-of-view (DWI) and monoexponential apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps that are technically equivalent with ERC or without ERC (noERC).

Everyman's prostate phantom: kiwi-fruit substitute for human prostates at magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Objectives: To apply an easy-to-assemble phantom substitute for human prostates in T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (T2WI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and 3D magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).

Methods: Kiwi fruit were fixed with gel hot and cold compress packs on two plastic nursery pots, separated by a plastic plate, and submerged in tap water inside a 1-L open-spout plastic watering can for T2WI (TR/TE 7500/101 ms), DWI (5500/61 ms, ADC b50-800 s/mm map) and MRS (940/145 ms) at 3.0 T, with phased array surface coils.

Per-sextant localization and staging of prostate cancer: correlation of imaging findings with whole-mount step section histopathology.

Objective: The objective of our study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy and interobserver agreement of 1.5-T prostatic MRI for per-sextant tumor localization and staging of prostate cancer as compared with whole-mount step section histopathology.

Materials And Methods: Combined endorectal-pelvic phased-array prostatic MRI scans obtained at 1.

Reproducibility of image interpretation in MRI of the prostate: application of the sextant framework by two different radiologists.

The aim of this study was to reproduce prostate cancer (PCA) localization by MRI based on prostatic sextants (right and left base, middle, and apex) with minimal systematic error. Combined endorectal/body-phased-array-coil MRI of the prostate at 1.5 T was retrospectively evaluated twice, with an interval of more than 1 month, by each of two independent radiologists (R1 readings R11 and R12, and R2 readings R21 and R22) in 23 patients (age 51-75 years) who had radical prostatectomy within 1 month of MRI.

Enhancement of focal liver lesions at gadoxetic acid-enhanced MR imaging: correlation with histopathologic findings and spiral CT--initial observations.

Purpose: To detect hepatocyte-selective enhancement of focal lesions with gadoxetic acid at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and to correlate enhancement in hepatocyte-selective phases with histopathologic findings and in arterial and portal venous phases with biphasic computed tomographic (CT) findings.

Materials And Methods: Study was supported by local ethics committee; all patients gave written informed consent. In 19 men and 14 women recruited in three clinical studies, histopathologic correlation and CT scans of 41 focal lesions (13 primary malignant lesions, 21 metastases, three adenomas, three cases of focal nodular hyperplasia [FNH], and one cystadenoma) and ultrasonographic confirmation of five cysts were available.

Multidetector-row computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of atherosclerotic lesions in human ex vivo coronary arteries.

In the present study, we tested the ability of multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify and retrospectively characterize atherosclerotic lesions in human ex vivo coronary arteries. Thirteen ex vivo hearts were studied with MDCT and MRI. MDCT-images were obtained with an isotropic voxel size of 0.

Local staging of rectal cancer: assessment with double-contrast multislice computed tomography and transrectal ultrasound.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) with double-contrast technique and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) in staging of rectal carcinoma compared with histopathological confirmation.

Methods: In a prospective study of 92 patients with rectal carcinoma, preoperative MSCT with negative rectal contrast (methylcellulose) and intravenous contrast was performed. Reconstructions in 3 planes were analyzed in a cine mode in picture archiving and communication (PAC) system.

Detection of malignant hepatic lesions before orthotopic liver transplantation: accuracy of ferumoxides-enhanced MR imaging.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ferumoxides-enhanced MR imaging for screening malignant hepatic lesions before orthotopic liver transplantation.

Materials And Methods: The study comprised 48 patients who underwent MR imaging within 6 months before transplantation. Imaging techniques included unenhanced and ferumoxides-enhanced T1-weighted gradient-echo and T2-weighted fast spin-echo sequences and ferumoxides-enhanced T2(*)-weighted gradient-echo sequences.

Imaging of cancer of the cervix.

Cancer of the endometrium is the most common invasive gynecologic malignancy in North America. Although transvaginal sonography is often the initial imaging examination in women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding, MRI offers multifactorial assessment once the diagnosis of endometrial cancer has been established. Specifically, preoperative contrast-enhanced MRI alters the likelihood ratios for myometrial invasion, which in turn affects type and extent of surgery performed.

Likelihood of prostate cancer based on prostate-specific antigen density by MRI: retrospective analysis.

Objective: As a screening test for prostate cancer (PCA), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) may induce unnecessary prostate biopsy in patients with PSA 4.1-10.0 ng/ml.

Pulmonary diffusing capacity: assessment with oxygen-enhanced lung MR imaging preliminary findings.

Purpose: To determine differences in the signal intensity (SI) time courses at oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) lung imaging in healthy volunteers and patients with pulmonary diseases and to correlate these differences with pulmonary diffusing capacity.

Materials And Methods: Seventeen patients with pulmonary diseases and 11 healthy volunteers underwent oxygen-enhanced MR imaging while they breathed room air and 100% oxygen. A turbo spin-echo sequence with global or section-selective inversion pulses was used.