Cardiopulmonary function and oxygen delivery during total liquid ventilation.

Introduction: Total liquid ventilation (TLV) with perfluorocarbons has shown to improve cardiopulmonary function in the injured and immature lung; however there remains controversy over the normal lung. Hemodynamic effects of TLV in the normal lung currently remain undetermined. This study compared changes in cardiopulmonary and circulatory function caused by either liquid or gas tidal volume ventilation.

The use of the excimer laser-assisted anastomosis technique alleviates neuroanesthesia during cerebral high-flow revascularization.

In patients with complex intracranial aneurysms or skull base tumors, parent vessel occlusion and flow replacement by high-flow bypass surgery is a demanding therapy, both for the neurosurgeon and the neuroanesthesiologist. One reason for this is the need for prolonged temporary occlusion of a major cerebral artery, which carries a high risk of perioperative ischemia and necessitates versatile neuroprotective measures during anesthesia. Recently, a novel excimer laser-assisted nonocclusive anastomosis (ELANA) technique has been introduced, circumventing the need for temporary occlusion of cerebral vessels.

Oleic acid vs saline solution lung lavage-induced acute lung injury: effects on lung morphology, pressure-volume relationships, and response to positive end-expiratory pressure.

Objective: To compare two lung injury models (oleic acid [OA] and saline solution washout [SW]) regarding lung morphology, regional inflation, and recruitment during static pressure-volume (PV) curves, and the effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) below and above the lower inflection point (Pflex).

Methods: Fourteen adult pigs underwent OA or SW lung injury. Lung volumes were measured using CT.

Perioperative risks and their management in patients with sleep-related breathing disorders.

Patients with sleep apnea syndromes pose several challenges to the anaesthetist. These are resulting from comorbidity, but mainly from special requirements for pre-, intra- and postoperative management.Frequently, the diagnosis is not known or not diagnosed adequately, making careful preoperative evaluation of the patient by the anaesthetist imperative to identify patients at risk.

Comparison of different inhalational perfluorocarbons in a rabbit model of acute lung injury.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of different inhaled perfluorocarbons (PFC) upon pulmonary mechanics and gas exchange in a saline lavage model of acute lung injury. A randomized, controlled animal trial was conducted at the university hospital laboratory. Pulmonary gas exchange (pGE), static compliance (Cst), and basic hemodynamics (heart rate [HR], arterial [AP] and central venous pressures [CVP]) were compared.

Setting mean airway pressure during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation according to the static pressure--volume curve in surfactant-deficient lung injury: a computed tomography study.

Background: Numerous studies suggest setting positive end-expiratory pressure during conventional ventilation according to the static pressure-volume (P-V) curve, whereas data on how to adjust mean airway pressure (P(aw)) during high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) are still scarce. The aims of the current study were to (1) examine the respiratory and hemodynamic effects of setting P(aw) during HFOV according to the static P-V curve, (2) assess the effect of increasing and decreasing P(aw) on slice volumes and aeration patterns at the lung apex and base using computed tomography, and (3) study the suitability of the P-V curve to set P(aw) by comparing computed tomography findings during HFOV with those obtained during recording of the static P-V curve at comparable pressures.

Methods: Saline lung lavage was performed in seven adult pigs.

End-expiratory lung volumes and density distribution patterns during partial liquid ventilation in healthy and oleic acid-injured sheep: a computed tomography study.

Objective: To determine end-expiratory lung volumes (EELVs) and the distribution of gas and perflubron during low- and high-dose partial liquid ventilation (PLV) in healthy and oleic-acid-injured lungs.

Design: A prospective, randomized study.

Setting: A university medical school laboratory approved for animal research.