Normal stress pattern of the pubic symphysis.

by partial body weight, by ligament tension, and by muscles forces stabilizing the hip joints. For the symphysis ossis pubis there exist data concerning the type and magnitude of stresses. In one-leg-standing pressure, shear forces are predominant, and in both-leg-standing tensile forces are acting on the pelvic ring.

Topographic description of an alternative insertion technique for percutaneous approach of cricopharyngeus muscle electromyography: a cadaveric and clinical study.

Background: Cricopharyngeus is the only muscle for which electromyography is used in the differential diagnosis of swallowing disorders. Because of some practical difficulties, electrophysiologic tests for this muscle are not performed routinely. Thus we aimed to describe an alternative topographic way to reach the muscle easily.

The interspinous spacer: a clinicoanatomical investigation using plastination.

Purpose. The relatively new and less-invasive therapeutic alternative "interspinous process decompression device (IPD)" is expected to result in improved symptoms of neurogenic intermittent claudication (NIC) caused by lumbar spinal stenosis. The aim of the study was to analyze IPD position particularly regarding damage originating from surgical implantation.

Does the hypopharyngeal cavernous body protect the development of Zenker's diverticulum?

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the morphology of the cavernous body at the pharyngoesophageal segment.

Methods: In 47 cadavers the submucosal vascular plexus of the pharyngoesophageal segment and the cricopharyngeal muscle were examined.

Results: A vascular plexus which was macroscopically non visible or slightly identified was observed in the majority of the specimens (28 or 59.

Morphology of the first metatarsal head and hallux rigidus: a cadaveric study.

Purpose: Treatment options for hallux rigidus include several conservative and surgical measures. The aetiology leading to the disease has not sufficiently been examined so far.

Materials And Methods: We analysed the anatomical configuration of the first metatarsal head of 120 metatarsal bones of different collectives aiming to find a possible correlation between the geometry of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and manifestation of hallux rigidus.

The cadaver of a Caucasian man with a supernumerary fourth dorsal interosseous muscle in the right hand: a case report.

Introduction: The human hand is a complex anatomic entity consisting of many muscles, nerves, and vessels, thus providing a special ability to perform accurate and meticulous movements. In this group of muscles are the four dorsal interosseous muscles.

Case Presentation: A distinct supernumerary fourth dorsal interosseous muscle was found in the right hand of the cadaver of a 76-year-old Caucasian man without any other concomitant abnormality.

The relationship between the medial collateral ligament and the medial meniscus: a topographical and biomechanical study.

The functional influence of the medial collateral ligament on the medial meniscus is still discussed controversially. Commonly, a strong fixation of the meniscus by the collateral ligament is described. Injury to the medial meniscus is explained by its reduced mobility due to its strong adherence to the medial collateral ligament.

In vitro comparison of the pullout strength of 3 anterior double-screw fixation techniques with different screw angulations.

Object: The pullout resistance of double-screw fixation systems in anterior spine surgery has been shown to be dependent on screw length as well as on screw angulation. The objective of the study was to evaluate the pullout strength of anterior double-screw systems with different angulations.

Methods: The authors conducted a comparative pullout test of converging, parallel, and diverging angulations of double-screw systems in human cadavers.

Influence of cementing the pin on resistance to fracture in hip resurfacing.

Background: Since the introduction of modern hip resurfacing systems, there has been a controversy regarding the fixation of the centering pin in the femoral component. It has been suggested that cementing the pin may increase strength of the femoral neck. This in-vitro analysis investigated the influence of a cemented, femoral pin on resistance to fracture in the resurfaced hip.

Nasal, sellar, and sphenoid sinus measurements in relation to pituitary surgery.

A study of 24 adult Caucasian cadavers was undertaken to assess and document the anatomical measurements within the nasal cavity and sphenoid sinus as routes of instrumentation utilized in sublabial transsphenoidal and endonasal endoscopic approaches. Five measurements were performed. The mean thickness of the anterior sellar wall was 0.

In-vitro comparison of the pullout strength of 3 different thoracic screw fixation techniques.

Summary Of Background Data: Dvorak et al in 1993 and Husted et al in 2003 reported 2 different screw fixation techniques at the thoracic spine as alternatives to transpedicular screws. So far, there is no investigation comparing the pullout stability of all 3 possible screw fixation techniques.

Objective: To evaluate the stability of possible alternatives for transpedicular screw fixation.

Morphometric and anthropometric analysis of Killian's triangle.

Objectives/hypothesis: To determine the prevalence and the morphometric characteristics of Killian's triangle and to examine their relationship with the anthropometric features of the person.

Study Design: Prospective.

Methods: The hypopharyngeal wall was examined on 47 human cadavers.

Human knee joint anatomy revisited: morphometry in the light of sex-specific total knee arthroplasty.

This study investigates differences in the anatomy of male and female knee joints to contribute to the current debate on sex-specific total knee implants. Morphometric data were obtained from 60 human cadaver knees, and sex differences were calculated. All data were corrected for height, and male and female specimens presenting with an identical length of the femur were analyzed as matched pairs.

Arterial anatomy of the hallucal sesamoids.

The aim of this study was to analyze the arterial supply of the sesamoid bones of the hallux. Twenty-two feet from adult cadavers were injected with epoxide resin or an acrylic polymer in methyl methacrylate (Acrifix) and subsequently processed by two slice plastination methods and the enzyme maceration technique. Afterwards, the arterial supply of the sesamoid bones was studied.

Olecranon fracture fixation with a new implant: biomechanical and clinical considerations.

Unlabelled: This study aims to describe the first clinical results in the treatment of dislocated olecranon fractures with 2.2-mm, fine-threaded wires with a washer. Furthermore, in the second part of the article, the stability of these new implants has been compared to standard tension band wiring in a sawbone model.

Malunion of the clavicle causes significant glenoid malposition: a quantitative anatomic investigation.

Objective: An experimental cadaver model was used to assess the effects of a malunited fracture of the middle third of the clavicle on the functional anatomy of the shoulder joint.

Method: Anatomic samples were prepared with simulated shortening and axial malposition of the clavicle. From these, alterations in glenoid fossa position were measured and depicted graphically.

Morphometric side-to-side differences in human cruciate ligament insertions.

Graft placement in cruciate ligament reconstruction is known to significantly influence postoperative knee stability and range of motion. Improvement of bone tunnel positioning has been advocated by computer-assisted surgical procedures that require reliable input and reference data. This study validates the hypothesis that morphometric reference data can be obtained from the uninjured controlateral knee for accurate bone tunnel and graft positioning.

Variations of the course of the upper trunk of the brachial plexus and their clinical significance for the thoracic outlet syndrome: a study on 93 cadavers.

The aim of this study is the recording of the variations of the course of the upper trunk (UT) of the brachial plexus (BP) and their clinical significance for the thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) and the anesthetic blockade of the BP. Five different anatomical variations of the course of the UT of the BP, in relation to the anterior scalene muscle (ASM), were observed in 24 out of the 186 sides of the 93 cadavers we studied (12.9%).

Anatomy of the clavicle and the intramedullary nailing of midclavicular fractures.

Intramedullary fixation is used increasingly to treat clavicular fractures. Anatomical variations in the clavicle of relevance to this procedure are analyzed. The length, diameters and curvature of the clavicle were measured in 196 specimens from the dissecting room.