Plasma levels of interleukin-8 and expression of interleukin-8 receptors on circulating neutrophils and monocytes after cardiopulmonary bypass in children.

Objective: Cardiopulmonary bypass induces a systemic inflammatory response that causes substantial clinical morbidity. This study sought to determine cellular and humoral variables of inflammation. We hypothesized that chemokines are a major source of stimulation of neutrophils and monocytes in pediatric cardiac surgery.

Reproducibility of the blood flow index as noninvasive, bedside estimation of cerebral blood flow.

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and reproducibility of the blood flow index (BFI) method for measuring cerebral blood flow.

Design And Setting: Prospective functional study in pediatric intensive care.

Patients And Participants: 14 consecutive patients with median age of 2 months (range 1 days-11 years) requiring artificial ventilation, invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring, and central venous access.

Inflammatory response of neutrophil granulocytes and monocytes after cardiopulmonary bypass in pediatric cardiac surgery.

Objective: To determine whether the activation state of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and monocytes contributes to the inflammatory response after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in pediatric cardiac surgery.

Design: Observational prospective clinical study.

Setting: Pediatric intensive care unit of a university hospital.

Dynamic cerebral autoregulatory response to blood pressure rise measured by near-infrared spectroscopy and intracranial pressure.

Objectives: Noninvasive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) continuously monitors changes in cerebral hemoglobin saturation (Hb(Diff) ) and content (Hb(Total)). It may allow visualization of the dynamic cerebral autoregulatory response to rapid blood pressure increases without relevant contamination of the NIRS signal from extracerebral hemoglobin.

Design: Prospective cohort study.