Unveiling the role of OsSAP17: Enhancing plant resistance to drought and salt.

With the intensification of climate change coupled with the inadequate agricultural management in certain regions, plants face numerous challenges due to various abiotic stresses. Stress associated proteins (SAPs) are essential functional genes in plants for coping with stress. This research provides a functional analysis of OsSAP17, a protein belonging to the SAP family in rice.

A special two-working-electrode system: a summary of recent development in fabrication and application of interdigitated array electrodes.

The utilization of dual-working-electrode mode of interdigitated array (IDA) electrodes and other two-electrode systems has revolutionized electrochemical detection by enabling the simultaneous and independent detection of two species, accompanied by the exhibition of unique characteristics. In contrast to conventional dual-potential electrodes, such as the rotating ring disk electrodes (RRDE), IDA electrodes demonstrate analogous yet vastly improved performance, characterized by remarkable collection efficiency and sensitivity. Notably, due to the distinctive microscale structure of IDA electrode, the special "feedback" effect makes IDA a unique signal amplifier.

Three cases of hemoglobin M disease in a family lineage: Case report and literature review.

Rationale: This study presents a case of hemoglobin M disease (HMD), a rare inherited disorder characterized by persistent cyanosis and hypoxemia, observed across 3 generations within a single family. The diagnosis of HMD poses significant challenges, particularly in asymptomatic individuals, due to its rarity and the subtlety of its symptoms. Notably, there is a scarcity of reports on methemoglobinemia in pediatric populations, which further complicates early detection and intervention.

The effect of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization technique combined with Kinesio Taping on neuromuscular function and pain self-efficacy in individuals with chronic nonspecific low back pain: A randomized trial.

Background: This study investigates the therapeutic efficacy of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization (DNS) technology paired with Kinesio Taping in patients with persistent nonspecific low back pain, as well as the effect on neuromuscular function and pain self-efficacy.

Methods: A randomized controlled clinical study was conducted to collect clinical data on DNS combined with KT for the treatment of chronic nonspecific low back pain from November 2023 to April 2024. The inclusion criteria were patients with chronic nonspecific lower back pain, aged between 18 and 30 years old, and without serious underlying medical conditions, such as cardiac disease, hypertension, and diabetes.

Factors associated with higher caregiver burden among informal caregivers of Parkinson's disease: A systematic review.

Background: Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and the care burden in informal caregivers is huge. Summarizing factors associated with the informal caregivers burden can improve our understanding of providing proactive support to informal caregivers caring for patients with Parkinson's disease (PwP) at risk, and provides evidence for clinical practice.

Methods: PRISMA guidelines were followed in this systematic review.

Construction of a prognostic signature based on T-helper 17 cells differentiation-related genes for predicting survival and tumor microenvironment in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

T-helper 17 (Th17) cells significantly influence the onset and advancement of malignancies. This study endeavor focused on delineating molecular classifications and developing a prognostic signature grounded in Th17 cell differentiation-related genes (TCDRGs) using machine learning algorithms in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). A consensus clustering approach was applied to The Cancer Genome Atlas-HNSCC cohort based on TCDRGs, followed by an examination of differential gene expression using the limma package.

Dissecting the Genetic Basis of Preharvest Sprouting in Rice Using a Genome-Wide Association Study.

Preharvest sprouting (PHS) is an unfavorable trait in cereal crops that significantly reduces grain yield and quality. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying this complex trait are still largely unknown. Here, 276 rice accessions from the 3000 Rice Genomes Project were used to perform a genome-wide association study.

Superconductor-Insulator Transition Induced by Precise Subtripled Vapor Chemical Gating.

Recent progress in superconductor-insulator transition has shed light on the intermediate metallic state with unique electronic inhomogeneity. The microscopic model, suggesting that carrier spatial distribution plays a decisive role in the intermediate state, has been instrumental in understanding the quantum transition. However, the narrow carrier density window in which the intermediate state exists necessitates precise control of the gate dielectric layer, presenting a challenge to in situ map the carrier spatial distribution.

LACCASE35 Enhances Lignification and Resistance Against Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Infection in Kiwifruit.

Kiwifruit bacterial canker, a highly destructive disease caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa), seriously affects kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) production.

The ASPARAGINE-RICH PROTEIN-LYST-INTERACTING PROTEIN5 complex regulates non-canonical AUTOPHAGY8 degradation in Arabidopsis.

The endocytic and autophagic pathways play important roles in abiotic stress responses and maintaining cellular homeostasis in plants. Asparagine Rich Proteins (NRPs) are plant-specific stress-responsive proteins that are involved in many abiotic stress-related signaling pathways. We previously demonstrated that NRP promotes PIN FORMED 2 (PIN2) vacuolar degradation to maintain PIN2 homeostasis under abscisic acid (ABA) treatment in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).

Key barriers and decision supports in revitalizing heritage buildings from investors' perspective in China: A case study in Guangzhou, China.

In the decision-making process for investing in heritage buildings (HBs), various factors such as costs, interests, and tenancy terms influence investors decisions. Understanding the motivations of these investors can facilitate the involvement of social forces with diverse interests in adaptive reuse projects. This paper examines the primary barriers to revitalizing heritage buildings through adaptive reuse decision-making.

Structural design and safety performance of a novel high-strength steel lightweight guardrail.

Highway guardrails are critical safety infrastructure along roadways, designed to redirect vehicles back into their lanes and facilitate a gradual deceleration to a complete stop. Traditional highway steel guardrails exhibit significant limitations, including inadequate energy absorption, susceptibility to corrosion, and an increased risk of vehicles leaving the roadway during severe collisions. Furthermore, the production and transportation of these guardrails contribute to substantial carbon emissions and environmental pollution.

Discovery of an Ultralong-acting Nondepolarizing Neuromuscular Blocker That Displays Short Onset Time and On-Demand Rapid Reversal by a Biocompatible Antagonist.

The combination of ultralong-acting neuromuscular block and subsequent on-demand rapid reversal may provide prolonged surgeries with improved conditions by omitting continuous or repetitive blocker administration, enabling a more stable and predictable hemodynamic profile and eliminating residual block. For this target, we prepared 19 imidazolium-incorporated tetracationic macrocycles. In vivo studies with rats revealed that one macrocycle (IMC-14) displays extremely high blocking activity.

Long-term wage inequality in imperial China: From 202 BCE to 1912 CE.

This paper attempts to describe and explain the long-term evolution of wage inequality in imperial China, covering over two millennia from the Han dynasty to the Qing dynasty (202 BCE-1912 CE). Based on historical government records of official salaries, commodity prices, and agricultural productivity, we convert various forms of salaries to equivalent rice volumes and comparable salary benchmarks. Wage inequality is measured by salary ratios and (partial) Gini coefficients between official and peasant classes as well as within the official class.

Coordinated immune networks in leukemia bone marrow microenvironments distinguish response to cellular therapy.

Understanding how intratumoral immune populations coordinate antitumor responses after therapy can guide treatment prioritization. We systematically analyzed an established immunotherapy, donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI), by assessing 348,905 single-cell transcriptomes from 74 longitudinal bone marrow samples of 25 patients with relapsed leukemia; a subset was evaluated by both protein- and transcriptome-based spatial analysis. In acute myeloid leukemia (AML) DLI responders, we identified clonally expanded CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocytes with in vitro specificity for patient-matched AML.

Natural hydrogen in the volcanic-bearing sedimentary basin: Origin, conversion, and production rates.

The origins of natural hydrogen in natural gas systems of sedimentary basins and the capacity of these systems to store hydrogen remain inadequately understood, posing crucial questions for the large-scale exploration of natural hydrogen. This study reports on the natural gas composition, stable carbon and hydrogen isotopic values, and helium isotopic values of gas samples collected from the Qingshen gas deposit within volcanic rocks of the Songliao Basin. Natural hydrogen primarily originates from water radiolysis, water-rock interactions (WRI), and mantle.

Melatonin-Loaded Hydrogel Modulates Circadian Rhythms and Alleviates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation to Promote Wound Healing.

Circadian rhythm disruption, commonly caused by factors such as jet lag and shift work, is increasingly recognized as a critical factor impairing wound healing. Although melatonin is known to regulate circadian rhythms and has potential in wound repair, its clinical application is limited by low bioavailability. To address these challenges, we developed an alginate-based dual-network hydrogel as a delivery system for melatonin, ensuring its stable and sustained release at the wound site.

Efficacy and safety of creatine phosphate sodium in the treatment of viral myocarditis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of creatine phosphate sodium in the treatment of viral myocarditis, and to provide guidance for its clinical treatment.

Methods: We conducted a search of The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMbase, and Web of Science databases to retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the use of creatine phosphate sodium (CPS) in the treatment of viral myocarditis. The search was conducted up to April 2024.

Clustering analysis of Yue opera character tone trends based on quantum particle swarm optimization for fuzzy C-means.

This study develops an innovative method for analyzing and clustering tonal trends in Chinese Yue Opera to identify different vocal styles accurately. Linear interpolation is applied to process the time series data of vocal melodies, addressing inconsistent feature dimensions. The second-order difference method extracts tonal trend features.

A novel feature extraction method based on dynamic handwriting for Parkinson's disease detection.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common disease of the elderly. Given the easy accessibility of handwriting samples, many researchers have proposed handwriting-based detection methods for Parkinson's disease. Extracting more discriminative features from handwriting is an important step.

Identification of hypertension gene expression biomarkers based on the DeepGCFS algorithm.

Hypertension is a critical risk factor and cause of mortality in cardiovascular diseases, and it remains a global public health issue. Therefore, understanding its mechanisms is essential for treating and preventing hypertension. Gene expression data is an important source for obtaining hypertension biomarkers.

Regioselective Suzuki-Miyarua Cross-Coupling for Substituted 2,4-Dibromopyridines Catalyzed by -Symmetric Tripalladium Clusters.

Multipalladium clusters possess peculiar structures and synergistic effects for reactivity and selectivity. Herein, -symmetric tripalladium clusters (, 0.5 mol %) afford C-regioselective SMCC of 2,4-dibromopyridine with phenylboronic acids or pinacol esters (C:C up to 98:1), in contrast to Pd(OAc) in ligand-free conditions.

Evaluation of the biocontrol potential of Episyrphus balteatus (Diptera: Syrphidae) on wheat aphids in northern China.

Marmalada hoverfly, Episyrphus balteatus De Geer (Diptera: Syrphidae), is a cosmopolitan fly species providing pest control and pollination services. As wheat aphids cause significant losses to global wheat production, a systematic evaluation of the predatory potential and biocontrol service functions of E. balteatus in wheat ecosystems was undertaken.

Variants in the SOX9 transactivation middle domain induce axial skeleton dysplasia and scoliosis.

SOX9 is a crucial transcriptional regulator of cartilage development and homeostasis. Dysregulation of is associated with a wide spectrum of skeletal disorders, including campomelic dysplasia, acampomelic campomelic dysplasia, and scoliosis. Yet how variants contribute to the spectrum of axial skeletal disorders is not well understood.

A tough soft-hard interface in the human knee joint driven by multiscale toughening mechanisms.

Joining heterogeneous materials in engineered structures remains a significant challenge due to stress concentration at interfaces, which often leads to unexpected failures. Investigating the complex, multiscale-graded structures found in animal tissue provides valuable insights that can help address this challenge. The human meniscus root-bone interface is an exemplary model, renowned for its exceptional fatigue resistance, toughness, and interfacial adhesion properties throughout its lifespan.