3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) may negate the expected stimulation of elevated atmospheric CO and warming on fertilizer-N loss.

People have accepted the clear fact that elevated CO (eCO) and climate warming are happening, but sustainable agricultural systems are still struggling to adapt. 3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol phosphate (DMPP) is currently recognized as a highly effective strategy for reducing nitrogen (N) loss and related environmental impacts. There is still uncertainty, however, whether DMPP could contribute to building climate-resilient ecosystems in a future climate scenario with co-elevated CO and temperature.

Recombinant collagen microneedles for transdermal delivery of antibacterial copper-DNA nanoparticles to treat skin and soft tissue infections.

Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) include bacterial infections of the skin, muscles, and connective tissue such as ligaments and tendons. SSTI in patients with immunocompromising diseases may lead to chronic, hard-to-heal infected wounds, resulting in disability, amputation, or even death. To treat SSTI and rebuild the defensive barrier of the skin, here we utilize recombinant type XVII collagen protein (rCol XVII) to construct biodegradable, regenerative collagen microneedles (rCol-MNs) for transdermal delivery of antibacterial agents.

Prediction of health anxiety using resting-state functional near-infrared spectroscopy and machine learning.

Background: The role of cortical networks in health anxiety remain poorly understood. This study aimed to develop a predictive model for health anxiety, using a machine-learning approach based on resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Method: One hundred and four university students experiencing school disclosure due to the Corona Virus Disease 2019 pandemic participated in the study, and the final sample consisted of 90 participants.

A nomogram based on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging improves the diagnostic performance of breast lesions diagnosed as BI-RADS category 4: A comparative study with the Kaiser score.

Purpose: To construct a nomogram combining Kaiser score (KS), synthetic MRI (syMRI) parameters, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and clinical features to distinguish benign and malignant breast lesions better.

Methods: From December 2022 to February 2024, a retrospective cohort of 168 patients with breast lesions diagnosed as Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4 by ultrasound and/or mammography was included. The research population was divided into the training set (n = 117) and the validation set (n = 51) by random sampling with a ratio of 7:3.

Flat membrane-based liquid-phase microextraction for the determination of basic and acidic pesticide residues in water samples.

A flat membrane-based liquid-phase microextraction (FM-LPME) method was developed for the first time to simultaneously separate and extract basic and acidic pesticide analytes from the same sample. Using carbendazim and pirimicarb as representative basic pesticides, along with bromacil, diflubenzuron and 1,2-dibenzoyl-1‑tert-butylhydrazine (RH-5849) as representative acidic pesticides, the performance of FM-LPME for the extraction of these model pesticides has been optimised individually. Under optimal extraction conditions, the developed FM-LPME-LC-MS/MS method exhibited excellent linearity, with R values exceeding 0.

Automated high-throughput RP-HPLC-MS and SFC-MS analytical and purification platforms to support drug discovery.

In recent years, the need to accelerate drug discovery processes in the pharmaceutical industry has revived the interest of implementing automated workflows, allowing the simultaneous processing of multiple samples on global processes that are referred as High-Throughput Purification (HTP). In this work, SAPIO Laboratory Information Management System (SAPIO LIMS) has been customized at the HTP laboratories of Janssen R&D to accommodate the needs of global purification groups on several automated HTP workflows, integrating Analytical Studio™ data processing tool on multiple steps. Herein we describe the workflow details from crude analysis via RP-LC-MS or SFC-MS systems to sample redissolution and delivery to Compound Logistics (CL) in tubes ready for assay plate preparation.

Periarterial divestment following neoadjuvant therapy in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer with celiac axis invasion: A safe and effective surgical procedure.

Background: Modern pancreatic surgery has gradually changed with the introduction of neoadjuvant therapy. For patients with pancreatic cancer involving peripancreatic visceral arteries who have received neoadjuvant therapy, periarterial divestment has gradually gained popularity, which represents an alternative to arterial resection. There is ongoing debate about whether this approach achieves curative tumor resection comparable to that of arterial resection, and the differences in terms of postoperative complications and oncologic outcomes between the 2 surgical procedures.

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of the pharmacological activity of novel NMDA receptor antagonists based on the germacrone scaffold.

The NMDA receptor has long attracted researchers' attention due to its potential as a drug target and its central role in the central nervous system. The NMDA receptor is a ligand-gated and voltage-dependent ion channel widely distributed in the central nervous system. In this study, we employed a drug design strategy combining "molecular assembly" and "combinatorial chemistry.

Effects of pristine and photoaged tire wear particles and their leachable additives on key nitrogen removal processes and nitrous oxide accumulation in estuarine sediments.

Despite growing attention to the environmental pollution caused by tire wear particles (TWPs), the effects of pristine and photoaged TWPs (P-TWPs and A-TWPs) and their TWP leachates (TWPLs; P-TWPL and A-TWPL) on key nitrogen removal processes in estuarine sediments remain unclear. This study explores the responses of the denitrification rate, anammox rate, and nitrous oxide (NO) accumulation to P-TWP, A-TWP, P-TWPL, and A-TWPL exposure in estuarine sediments, and assesses the potential biotoxic substances present in TWPLs. P-TWPs reduced the denitrification rate by 17.

Effect of atmospheric cold plasma pretreatment on the formation of ternary complexes among wheat starch, β-lactoglobulin and fatty acids with different chain lengths.

This study aims to examine the effect of atmospheric cold plasma (ACP) pretreatment (1-4 min) on the formation, structure, and digestibility of ternary complexes among wheat starch (WS), β-lactoglobulin (βLG) and fatty acids with different chain lengths (octanoic acid (OA), capric acid (CA), lauric acid (LA)). The complexing index results demonstrated that the greatest quantity (72.53 %, 70.

ColorNet: An AI-based framework for pork freshness detection using a colorimetric sensor array.

Pork freshness is crucial for flavour, nutrition and consumer health. The current colorimetric sensor array (CSA) detection systems face challenges related to high sensor development costs, low recognition accuracy and limitations in the platform use. Herein, we developed a CSA and ColorNet framework to detect pork freshness.

Methionine thioether reduces the content of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in high-temperature soybean oil by preventing the radical chain reaction.

This study investigated how methionine (Met) reduced 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) generation during the heating of soybean oil. The results showed that Met at 5 mM, 10 mM, 15 mM, 20 mM and 30 mM reduced the 4-HNE content by 0.67 %, 58.

Pulling nutrients from Mo-polluted soil by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi extraradical mycelia is quenching thirsty with poison.

As an extension of plant root system, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) extraradical mycelium (ERM) can break the limitation of rhizosphere and play an important role in plant nutrient acquisition. However, it remains unclear whether ERM is smart enough to pick out nutrients while avoiding poison, or is unable to pick out nutrients and have to absorb poisons together. Therefore, the present study employed a compartment device to separate the mycelia from roots, aiming to explore the nutrient absorption pathways of mycelia in molybdenum (Mo) pollution soil after inoculation with AMF in maize and vetch plants.

Global human exposure of atmospheric polybrominated diphenyl ethers: Variation patterns of exposure pathways and phase contributions.

At present, there are still certain limitations in the research on the pathways and phase contributions of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) to human exposure in the atmosphere. This study clarified the contribution rates of inhalation and dermal exposure of particulate and gaseous polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) on a global scale, as well as their influencing factors and mechanisms. Data on gaseous PBDEs were collected from 125 cities across 38 countries and regions to predict size-resolved particulate exposure levels, utilizing our previous method for inhalation alongside a size-dependent prediction method for dermal exposure developed in this study.

Oxidative degradation of sulfamethazine by manganese oxide supported biochar activated periodate: Effect and mechanism.

In this study, manganese oxide supported biochar (MBC) was used as a catalyst of periodate (PI) for the oxidative degradation of sulfonamide antibiotic sulfamethazine (SMZ). The degradation rate of 10 mg/L SMZ reached 99 % in 60 min in the MBC/PI system, and the optimal condition was pH 3.5, 0.

Evaluation of muscle mass relative to weight/sitting height improves the association with physical performance.

Objectives: To compare relationships of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) with the function of the upper and lower extremities, after the former has been adjusted by five body size variables: height; weight; body mass index (BMI); sitting height; and weight/sitting height.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study of data derived from the baseline phase of the Physical Activity and Health in Older Women Study.

Main Outcome Measures: ASM was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis.

Bergenin inhibits ferritinophagy and ferroptosis in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by activating the p-GSK3β/Nrf2/PPARγ pathway.

Ferroptosis plays a key role in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Bergenin, which is extracted from Ardisiae Japonicae Herba and has long been used in folk tea and herbal tea drinks, is known to activate Nrf2 and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, however, its protective influence on CI-AKI has not been elucidated. We used models of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in vitro and CI-AKI models in vivo.

N-methyladenosine RNA methylation regulates microplastics-induced cell senescence in the rainbow trout liver.

Microplastics are prevalent in aquatic ecosystems, impacting various forms of aquatic life, including fish. In this study, Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to two concentrations of microplastics (0 and 500 μg/L) over a 14-day period, during which a comprehensive analysis was conducted to assess the liver accumulation of microplastics and their effects on oxidative stress, the liver response, and transcriptomics. Our findings indicated that microplastics significantly accumulated in the liver and activated the antioxidant system in fish by enhancing the activity of antioxidant enzymes.

ANAC044 orchestrates mitochondrial stress signaling to trigger iron-induced stem cell death in root meristems.

While iron (Fe) is essential for life and plays important roles for almost all growth related processes, it can trigger cell death in both animals and plants. However, the underlying mechanisms for Fe-induced cell death in plants remain largely unknown. S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR) has previously been reported to regulate nitric oxide homeostasis to prevent Fe-induced cell death within root meristems.

Clinical outcomes and cost-utility analysis of GKRS plus TKIs versus TKIs in patients with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma and brain metastases: a Markov decision model.

Objective: This study focuses on epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated lung adenocarcinoma, known for frequent brain metastasis. It aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of combining Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) (GKRS+TKI group) versus TKIs alone (TKI group) for the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed brain metastasis in this condition.

Methods: Study characteristics of the two groups were matched using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).

Short communication: Upregulation of hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced Shc3 by downregulated miR-455-5p, suppresses trophoblast invasion and is associated with placental inflammation and angiogenesis in preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia is characterized by insufficient invasion of extravillous trophoblasts and is a consequence of failed adaption of extravillous trophoblasts to changes in the intrauterine environment developing embryo. Specific miRNAs are implicated in the development of preeclampsia (PE). miR-455-5p is present at low levels in PE but its role is not known.

Enhancing semantical text understanding with fine-tuned large language models: A case study on Quora Question Pair duplicate identification.

Semantical text understanding holds significant importance in natural language processing (NLP). Numerous datasets, such as Quora Question Pairs (QQP), have been devised for this purpose. In our previous study, we developed a Siamese Convolutional Neural Network (S-CNN) that achieved an F1 score of 82.

Hydrological prediction in ungauged basins based on spatiotemporal characteristics.

Hydrological prediction in ungauged basins often relies on the parameter transplant method, which incurs high labor costs due to its dependence on expert input. To address these issues, we propose a novel hydrological prediction model named STH-Trans, which leverages multiple spatiotemporal views to enhance its predictive capabilities. Firstly, we utilize existing geographic and topographic indicators to identify and select watersheds that exhibit similarities.

Toward Large-Scale Photonic Chips Using Low-Anisotropy Thin-Film Lithium-Tantalate.

Photonic manipulation of large-capacity data with the advantages of high speed and low power consumption is a promising solution for explosive growth demands in the era of post-Moore. A well-developed lithium-niobate-on-insulator (LNOI) platform has been widely explored for high-performance electro-optic (EO) modulators to bridge electrical and optical signals. However, the photonic waveguides on the x-cut LNOI platform suffer serious polarization-mode conversion/coupling issues because of strong birefringence, making it hard to realize large-scale integration.

Progress in investigating pituitary stalk lesions: A review.

Pituitary stalk lesions are uncommon and are typically identified through pituitary magnetic resonance imaging and screening for causes of diabetes insipidus. Recent literature indicates that pituitary stalk lesions primarily manifest as pituitary stalk interruption syndrome and thickening of the pituitary stalk. The etiology of these lesions is complex and can be divided into major categories: congenital disorders, inflammatory or infectious diseases, and tumors.