Dr Eamon O'Sullivan: psychiatrist and forgotten pioneer of occupational therapy.

Objectives: This paper provides a brief overview of the history of occupational therapy in psychiatry in Ireland and explores why the contribution of an early Irish psychiatrist and proponent of occupational therapy, Dr Eamon O'Sullivan (1897-1966), was not fully recognised in the decades after his retirement in 1962.

Methods: A review of selected key reports, papers and publications related to the history of occupational therapy was undertaken.

Results: Eamon O'Sullivan was appointed Resident Medical Superintendent at Killarney Mental Hospital Co.

Exploring the co-involvement of disabled adolescents in participatory action research; protocol for a critical interpretative synthesis.

Participatory action research (PAR) provides an opportunity for academic researchers and adolescents to co-conduct research within an area of shared interest. Reciprocal learning occurs as co-researchers acquire research skills and knowledge, and academic researchers gain understanding of the issue being examined, from the perspective of those with lived experience. All members of the research team have a shared responsibility for the research and decision-making processes.

Eamon O'Sullivan: 20th-century Irish psychiatrist and occupational therapy patron.

The profession of occupational therapy was formalized in the USA in 1917. Many of its earliest proponents were psychiatrists, yet their role in the development of the profession has received limited attention. This paper addresses this gap by considering one of the earliest Irish psychiatrist patrons of occupational therapy: Dr Eamon O'Sullivan (1897-1966) of Killarney Mental Hospital, Co Kerry, who developed an occupational therapy department in 1934.

Safety first: Factors affecting preceptor midwives experiences of competency assessment failure among midwifery students.

Background: Assessment of clinical practice is a core component of midwifery education. Clinical assessment is challenging and affected by a number of factors. Preceptor midwives are reported to be reluctant to fail students in clinical assessments.

The Transition to Retirement Experiences of Academics in "Higher Education": A Meta-Ethnography.

Background And Objectives: There are increasing numbers of older academics working in Higher Education Institutions worldwide. It is essential that academics' retirement experiences are clearly understood as they tend to have different retirement trajectories than other occupational groups. This meta-ethnography aims to answer the research question "what are the experiences of academics transitioning to retirement" by identifying and synthesizing qualitative research using a meta-ethnographic approach.

The Bluebirds: World War I Soldiers' Experiences of Occupational Therapy.

Objective: More is known about the experience of occupational therapists than the experience of patients during the profession's early years. We examined soldiers' experiences of occupational therapy in American Base Hospital 9 in France during World War I through analysis of a 53-line poem by Corporal Frank Wren contained in the unpublished memoir of occupational therapy reconstruction aide Lena Hitchcock.

Method: Historical documentary research methods and thematic analysis were used to analyze the poem, the memoir, and the hospital's published history.

An integrative review of social and occupational factors influencing health and wellbeing.

Therapeutic approaches to health and wellbeing have traditionally assumed that meaningful activity or occupation contributes to health and quality of life. Within social psychology, everyday activities and practices that fill our lives are believed to be shaped by structural and systemic factors and in turn these practices can form the basis of social identities. In occupational therapy these everyday activities are called occupations.

Nouns and verbs in Chintang: children's usage and surrounding adult speech.

Analyzing the development of the noun-to-verb ratio in a longitudinal corpus of four Chintang (Sino-Tibetan) children, we find that up to about age four, children have a significantly higher ratio than adults. Previous cross-linguistic research rules out an explanation of this in terms of a universal noun bias; instead, a likely cause is that Chintang verb morphology is polysynthetic and difficult to learn. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that the development of Chintang children's noun-to-verb ratio correlates significantly with the extent to which they show a similar flexibility with verbal morphology to that of the surrounding adults, as measured by morphological paradigm entropy.

Political violence and mental health: a multi-disciplinary review of the literature on Nepal.

Implementation of current international consensus guidelines regarding mental health and psychosocial support in emergencies requires the consideration of findings from both the medical and social sciences. This paper presents a multi-disciplinary review of reported findings regarding the relations between political violence, mental health and psychosocial wellbeing in Nepal. A systematic search of six databases resulted in the identification of 572 studies, of which 44 were included in the review.

The influence of culture on diabetes self-management: perspectives of Gujarati Muslim men who reside in northwest England.

Aim: To present the findings of a study which explored the influence of culture on (type 2) diabetes self-management in Gujarati Muslim men who reside in northwest England.

Background: This study was informed by an embodied perspective of culture, in which culture is grounded in the body and self. This contrasts with some contemporary health research and policy which adopts an oversimplified perspective, portraying culture as static and deterministic and being responsible for non-adherent self-management behaviours.