Ethnic differences in gestational oral glucose screening in a large US population.

Objective: To estimate gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) prevalence and hyperglycemia in a large multi-ethnic population and evaluate the differences in glucose measures by age and ethnicity.

Participants And Setting: All singleton births in Kaiser Permanente Hawaii (KPH) during 1995-2003.

Measurements: Ethnicity classifications from birth certificate data were linked to KPH's electronic medical records that included laboratory-screening results.

Excess gestational weight gain: modifying fetal macrosomia risk associated with maternal glucose.

Objective: To estimate how maternal weight gain and maternal glucose relate to fetal macrosomia risk (greater than 4,000 g) among a population universally screened for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: Between 1995 and 2003, 41,540 pregnant women in two regions (Northwest/Hawaii) of a large U.S.

Childhood obesity and metabolic imprinting: the ongoing effects of maternal hyperglycemia.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine how the range of measured maternal glycemia in pregnancy relates to risk of obesity in childhood.

Research Design And Methods: Universal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening (a 50-g glucose challenge test [GCT]) was performed in two regions (Northwest and Hawaii) of a large diverse HMO during 1995-2000, and GDM was diagnosed/treated using a 3-h 100-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) criteria. Measured weight in offspring (n = 9,439) was ascertained 5-7 years later to calculate sex-specific weight-for-age percentiles using U.