Trace Level Analysis of Per- and Polyfluorinated Substances in Fish from Various Regions in Switzerland.

Per- and polyfluorinated substances (PFASs) are persistent man-made chemicals which can end up in the food chain. In this study, the concentrations of 15 PFASs in various wild fish species from different regions in Switzerland were determined excluding hot spots of contamination. After clean-up with SPE, the samples were analyzed by HPLC-MS/MS.

Microgravity Simulated by the 6° Head-Down Tilt Bed Rest Test Increases Intestinal Motility but Fails to Induce Gastrointestinal Symptoms of Space Motion Sickness.

Background: Space motion sickness (SMS) is the most relevant medical problem during the first days in microgravity. Studies addressing pathophysiology in space face severe technical challenges and microgravity is frequently simulated using the 6° head-down tilt bed rest test (HDT).

Aim: We were aiming to test whether SMS could be simulated by HDT, identify related changes in gastrointestinal physiology and test for beneficial effects of exercise interventions.

Antioxidant responses to an acute ultra-endurance exercise: impact on DNA stability and indications for an increased need for nutritive antioxidants in the early recovery phase.

Antioxidant requirements have neither been defined for endurance nor been defined for ultra-endurance athletes. To verify whether an acute bout of ultra-endurance exercise modifies the need for nutritive antioxidants, we aimed (1) to investigate the changes of endogenous and exogenous antioxidants in response to an Ironman triathlon; (2) to particularise the relevance of antioxidant responses to the indices of oxidatively damaged blood lipids, blood cell compounds and lymphocyte DNA and (3) to examine whether potential time-points of increased susceptibility to oxidative damage are associated with alterations in the antioxidant status. Blood that was collected from forty-two well-trained male athletes 2 d pre-race, immediately post-race, and 1, 5 and 19 d later was sampled.

DNA damage in response to an Ironman triathlon.

The major aims of this study were to investigate the effect of an Ironman triathlon on DNA migration in the single cell gel electrophoresis assay, apoptosis and necrosis in the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assay with lymphocytes and on changes of total antioxidant capacity in plasma. Blood samples were taken 2 days (d) before, within 20 min, 1 d, 5 d and 19 d post-race. The level of strand breaks decreased (p<0.