Mitochondrial DNA copy number changes, heteroplasmy, and mutations in plasma-derived exosomes and brain tissue of glioblastoma patients.

Glioblastoma is the most common malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS) in adults. Glioblastoma cells show increased glucose consumption associated with poor prognosis. Since mitochondria play a crucial role in energy metabolism, mutations and copy number changes of mitochondrial DNA may serve as biomarkers.

Strategies Shaping the Transcription of Carbohydrate-Active Enzyme Genes in .

Understanding the coordinated regulation of the hundreds of carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) genes occurring in the genomes of fungi has great practical importance. We recorded genome-wide transcriptional changes of cultivated on glucose, lactose, or arabinogalactan, as well as under carbon-starved conditions. We determined both carbon-stress-specific changes (weak or no carbon source vs.