Endometrial Cancer. Guideline of the DGGG, DKG and DKH (S3-Level, AWMF Registry Number 032/034-OL, September 2022). Part 1 with Recommendations on the Epidemiology, Screening, Diagnosis and Hereditary Factors of Endometrial Cancer, Geriatric Assessment and Supply Structures.

The S3-guideline on endometrial cancer, first published in April 2018, was reviewed in its entirety between April 2020 and January 2022 and updated. The review was carried out at the request of German Cancer Aid as part of the Oncology Guidelines Program and the lead coordinators were the German Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGGG), the Gynecology Oncology Working Group (AGO) of the German Cancer Society (DKG) and the German Cancer Aid (DKH). The guideline update was based on a systematic search and assessment of the literature published between 2016 and 2020.

The forgotten cohort-lessons learned from prehospital trauma death: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Trauma related deaths remain a relevant public health problem, in particular in the younger male population. A significant number of these deaths occur prehospitally without transfer to a hospital. These patients, sometimes termed "the forgotten cohort", are usually not included in clinical registries, resulting in a lack of information about prehospitally trauma deaths.

High posterior cerebral artery flow predicts ischemia recurrence in patients with internal carotid artery occlusion.

Recurrent stroke is a dreaded complication of symptomatic internal carotid artery occlusion (ICAO). Transcranial Duplex (TCD)-derived increased flow velocity in the ipsilateral posterior cerebral artery (PCA)-P2 segment indicates activated leptomeningeal collateral recruitment and hemodynamic impairment. Leptomeningeal collaterals are pial vascular connections between the anterior and posterior vascular territories.

[Breast cancer in men].

Male breast cancer is an unknown field for many practitioners. Patients often see different doctors before the correct diagnosis is made - often too late. This article is intended to point out risk factors, initiation of diagnostics and therapy.

Intergenerational genotypic interactions drive collective behavioural cycles in a social insect.

Many social animals display collective activity cycles based on synchronous behavioural oscillations across group members. A classic example is the colony cycle of army ants, where thousands of individuals undergo stereotypical biphasic behavioural cycles of about one month. Cycle phases coincide with brood developmental stages, but the regulation of this cycle is otherwise poorly understood.

Evaluation of a Wireless Localization System for Nonpalpable Breast Lesions - Feasibility and Cost-effectiveness in Everyday Clinical Routine.

Background/aim: Smaller, earlier-stage breast tumors are being found in breast cancer screening, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the gold standard when chemotherapy is indicated. Precise marking and localization of the tumor are thus becoming increasingly important. Wire-free localization techniques are under investigation in order to reduce presurgical radiography, pain, the risk of wire dislocation, and allow scheduling flexibility for patients and surgery departments.

Similar cost of in experimental and natural aphid-endosymbiont associations.

Endosymbiont-conferred resistance to parasitoids is common in aphids, but comes at a cost to the host in the absence of parasitoids. In black bean aphids (), costs in terms of reduced lifespan and lifetime reproduction were demonstrated by introducing 11 isolates of the protective symbiont into previously uninfected aphid clones. Transfection of .

Is Reduction Mammoplasty Cost-Effective? A Cost-Utility Analysis of Surgical Treatment for Macromastia in Germany.

Background/aims: Macromastia can cause physical and psychological problems. Conservative treatments such as physiotherapy and painkillers lead to substantial long-term costs, without any proven medical benefit. In contrast, surgical treatment with reduction mammoplasty leads to improvements in nearly all respects.

Analysis of Oncological Second Opinions in a Certified University Breast and Gynecological Cancer Center Regarding Consensus between the First and Second Opinion and Conformity with the Guidelines.

Introduction: Oncological second opinions are becoming increasingly important in the era of complex treatments and established certified cancer centers. Oncological guidelines with the highest levels of evidence are available, but these can only be effective to the extent that they are implemented. Therefore, we analyzed the effects of second opinions with regard to their agreement with first opinions and conformity with guidelines.

Influence of Family History of Breast or Ovarian Cancer on Pathological Complete Response and Long-Term Prognosis in Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Purpose: In breast cancer, a pathological complete response (pCR) has been described as generally resulting in a favorable prognosis. However, there are subgroups, such as patients with a mutation in or , in which the effect of pCR on the prognosis is suspected to be weaker. Patients with a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer may therefore react differently in relation to pCR and prognosis, and this is investigated in this study.

Mammographic density and prognosis in primary breast cancer patients.

Purpose: Mammographic density (MD) is one of the strongest risk factors for breast cancer (BC). However, the influence of MD on the BC prognosis is unclear. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate whether percentage MD (PMD) is associated with a difference in disease-free or overall survival in primary BC patients.

Discordance between Primary Breast Cancer and Ipsilateral Breast Cancer Tumor Recurrence as a Function of Distance.

Background: Risk factors for ipsilateral breast cancer tumor recurrence (IBTR) are well established and include grading, nodal status, and receptor status. Little is known about the influence of the local distance between the primary tumor and recurrences on changes in tumor characteristics and prognosis.

Methods: In a retrospective setting, we analyzed primary breast cancers and their recurrences.

Macromastia: an economic burden? A disease cost analysis based on real-world data in Germany.

Purpose: Symptomatic macromastia causes physical and psychological problems that can lead to restrictions in the patients' social and working lives and a reduced quality of life. Associated medical treatments also have a considerable impact on health-care costs. Several studies have assessed these costs, but the total disease costs of macromastia have never been evaluated on the basis of real-world data.

Assessment of the additional clinical potential of X-ray dark-field imaging for breast cancer in a preclinical setup.

Background: Mammography can identify calcifications up to 50-100 μm in size as a surrogate parameter for breast cancer or ductal carcinoma (DCIS). Microcalcifications measuring <50 µm are also associated with breast cancer or DCIS and are frequently not detected on mammography, although they can be detected with dark-field imaging. This study examined whether additional breast examination using X-ray dark-field imaging can increase the detection rate of calcifications.

HLA-G and HLA-F protein isoform expression in breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant treatment.

The immunosuppressive human leukocyte antigens HLA-G and HLA-F are expressed on trophoblast and malignant cells. Four membrane-bound and three soluble HLA-G protein isoforms have been described, which have different immunosuppressive potentials. HLA-F has three transcript variants, resulting in three different protein isoforms.

Introducing multiple-choice questions to promote learning for medical students: effect on exam performance in obstetrics and gynecology.

Purpose: Testing is required in medical education. The large number of exams that students face requires effective learning strategies. Various methods of improving knowledge retention and recall have been discussed, two of the most widely evaluated of which are test-enhanced learning and pause procedures.

Analysis of Oncological Second Opinions in a Certified University Breast and Gynecological Cancer Center in Relation to Complementary and Alternative Medicine.

Introduction: Oncological second opinions are becoming increasingly important given more complex treatment strategies, simultaneously more patients use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and many comprehensive cancer centers initiate integrative medicine programs. The present study focuses on analyzing the effects of a second opinion in relation to attitudes toward CAM.

Methods: In this prospective study patients (n = 97) with a diagnosis of breast cancer or gynecological malignancies who had requested a second opinion received a questionnaire before and after the second opinion concerning their attitudes toward CAM.

Logbooks alone are not enough: initial experience with implementing a logbook for medical students in a clinical internship in gynecology and obstetrics.

Background: Logbooks are being increasingly widely used as a means of improving medical education and further training. They will in all probability continue to be mandatory in the Practical Year (PJ) in Germany even after the upcoming amendment of the Medical Licensing Regulations (ÄAppO). However, there are different approaches to their design and use, and these are also currently undergoing considerable change.

Analysis of motives and patient satisfaction in oncological second opinions provided by a certified university breast and gynecological cancer center.

Purpose: Second opinions in oncology are becoming increasingly important in an era of more complex treatments and a growing demand for information by patients. Therefore, we analyzed their effects and influencing factors like patients' motives, subjective extent of information and satisfaction with communications.

Methods: This prospective study evaluated second opinions for patients with breast cancer or gynecological malignancy.

RANKL and OPG and their influence on breast volume changes during pregnancy in healthy women.

Breast cancer risk is reduced by number of pregnancies and breastfeeding duration, however studies of breast changes during or after pregnancy are rare. Breast volume changes - although not linked to breast cancer risk - might be an interesting phenotype in this context for correlative studies, as changes of breast volume vary between pregnant women. Serum receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and its antagonist osteoprotegerin (OPG) were measured prospectively before gestational week 12, and three-dimensional breast volume assessments were performed.