Identifying mechanistic links between sleep disturbance and binge eating: the role of depressed mood.

Global sleep disturbance is robustly linked with a subjective sense of loss-of-control over eating (LOC). Depressed mood has been proposed as a mechanism to explain the bi-directional relationship between sleep disturbance and LOC eating. The current study evaluated whether sleep disturbance indirectly affects LOC eating via depressed mood.

Latent Change Trajectories in Mood During Focused CBT Enhanced for Eating Disorders Are Associated With Global Eating Pathology at Posttreatment and Follow-Up Among Individuals With Bulimia Nervosa Spectrum Disorders: A Preliminary Examination.

Bulimia nervosa (BN) is characterized by recurrent loss of control over eating (LOC) and inappropriate compensatory behaviors. Although cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is efficacious for BN, many patients continue to experience symptoms at posttreatment. One potential driver of this low treatment response may be low mood, which maintains BN symptoms through negative reinforcement.

Development of the Food Addiction Symptom Inventory: The first clinical interview to assess ultra-processed food addiction.

Prior research on ultra-processed food addiction (FA) has utilized the self-report Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS) measures to identify individuals who experience indicators of substance-use disorders with respect to their consumption of ultra-processed foods. Studies using the YFAS have provided insight into the clinical utility of FA as both a distinct construct and an indicator of more severe psychopathology among individuals with eating disorders. However, the absence of clinician-administered assessment tools for FA has been identified as a barrier to the evaluation of FA as a novel clinical syndrome.

Behavioral weight loss treatment for adults with binge-eating disorder: A qualitative analysis of patients' perspectives and experiences.

Objective: Understanding the perspectives of behavioral weight loss (BWL) participants could inform whether, how, and for whom BWL should be offered.

Method: All 126 participants in a clinical trial of BWL for adults with binge-eating disorder (BED) and overweight/obesity were contacted about a qualitative study. 45 participants, 11 of whom had dropped out of the parent study, completed qualitative interviews.

A naturalistic examination of feeling fat: Characteristics, predictors, and the relationship with eating disorder behaviors.

Objective: Although literature implicates feeling fat in the maintenance of binge-spectrum eating disorders (EDs; e.g., bulimia nervosa, binge-ED), research in this area is small, nascent, and relies on retrospective self-report.

A preliminary study of latent trajectories of change in dietary restraint during CBT-E for bulimia-spectrum eating disorders and their associations with treatment response.

Objective: Dietary restraint is a primary target of CBT-E. However, little research has examined how specific types of dietary restraint change during CBT-E for bulimia-spectrum eating disorders (BN-EDs) or the association between changes in dietary restraint and treatment response. This study examined latent trajectories of change in eating enough, eating a range of macronutrients, and following dietary rules during CBT-E for BN-EDs and the relationships between these trajectories and pre- to post-treatment change in BN symptoms and remission.

Early reduction in anxiety sensitivity predicts greater reduction in disordered eating and trait anxiety during treatment for bulimia nervosa.

Objective: Anxiety sensitivity (AS), the trait-like fear of symptoms of anxiety, has been associated with eating disorder (ED) pathology broadly, bulimia nervosa (BN) symptoms specifically, and the anxiety disorders that are commonly comorbid with BN. AS, especially for physical symptoms specifically, maybe a risk and maintenance factor for BN and comorbid anxiety.

Method: Adult participants with BN (n = 44) in a clinical trial comparing CBT to mindfulness and acceptance-based treatment (MABT) reported ED symptoms, trait anxiety, and AS through treatment and follow-up.

Continuous glucose monitoring as an objective measure of meal consumption in individuals with binge-spectrum eating disorders: A proof-of-concept study.

Objective: Going extended periods of time without eating increases risk for binge eating and is a primary target of leading interventions for binge-spectrum eating disorders (B-EDs). However, existing treatments for B-EDs yield insufficient improvements in regular eating and subsequently, binge eating. These unsatisfactory clinical outcomes may result from limitations in assessment and promotion of regular eating in therapy.

Patients' perceptions of post-treatment factors that influenced skill use after cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa spectrum disorders.

Objective: Deterioration rate among patients with bulimia-spectrum eating disorders (BN-EDs) after receiving enhanced cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT-E) remains high. Previous studies identified body image concerns, environmental triggers, lack of social support, lack of resources, comorbidity, and discontinued skill use as predictors of deterioration. However, no studies have qualitatively explored patients' perceptions of how these factors influenced their skill use and led to deterioration after receiving outpatient CBT.

Does hopelessness predict treatment outcomes in adults with binge-spectrum eating disorders?

Using data from 165 adult participants who enrolled in four studies of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for binge-spectrum eating disorders (EDs), this secondary analysis examined 1) whether pretreatment hopelessness predicted posttreatment eating pathology, loss-of-control (LOC) eating frequency, and purging frequency; 2) whether treatment had an indirect effect on those outcomes through change in hopelessness; and 3) whether treatment had an indirect effect on hopelessness through those ED measures. The Eating Disorder Examination was used to assess overall eating pathology, LOC frequency, and purging frequency. Hopelessness was measured with one item from the Beck Depression Inventory-II.

Affect trajectories surrounding binge eating episodes and heavy drinking episodes in adults with binge-spectrum eating disorders.

Objective: The comorbidity of binge eating and heavy drinking (BE + HD) is concerning due to high prevalence and associated consequences. Affective pathways may maintain BE + HD, yet more micro-level research is needed. This study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine between-person and day-level relationships between positive and negative affect and binge eating or heavy drinking episodes in BE + HD.

Cannabis use and binge eating: Examining the relationship between cannabis use and clinical severity among adults with binge eating.

Cannabis use is prevalent among individuals with binge eating (BE; i.e., the inability to control eating behavior).

The relationship between non-purging compensatory behaviors, clinical severity, and treatment outcomes in adults with binge-spectrum eating disorders.

Non-purging compensatory behaviors (NPCB; e.g. driven exercise, fasting, other extreme behaviors) are a subcategory of compensatory behaviors typically characterized as infrequent and less severe.

Subtypes of exercise are differentially associated with baseline eating disorder pathology and treatment outcome among individuals with bulimia nervosa.

Objective: Individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN) engage in both maladaptive (i.e., compulsive and/or compensatory) and adaptive exercise (e.

Latent classes of alcohol and cannabis use among adults with binge-spectrum eating disorders: Associations with eating disorder symptom severity and personality features.

Objective: Alcohol and cannabis use are prevalent among individuals with binge-spectrum eating disorders (B-ED) and vary in terms of frequency and associated problems. The current study aimed to identify latent classes of alcohol and cannabis use patterns among B-ED and examine associations between latent classes and demographic characteristics, eating disorder symptoms, and personality features.

Methods: Participants (N = 236) were treatment-seeking adults with B-ED who completed a clinical interview of eating pathology and self-report measures of alcohol and cannabis use in the past 3 months, alcohol and cannabis-related problems, and personality features (i.

Trajectories of therapeutic skills use and their dynamic relations to symptom change during cognitive-behavioral therapy for bulimia nervosa.

Objective: To examine trajectories of therapeutic skills use and weekly relations between skills use and symptom change during the enhanced version of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT-E) for bulimia nervosa (BN).

Method: Fifty-five adults (M age: 39.0 ± 14.

Noradrenergic control of neurobehavior in human binge-eating disorder and obesity (NOBEAD): A smartphone-supported behavioral emotion regulation intervention study protocol integrating molecular brain imaging.

Objective: The neurobehavioral underpinnings of binge-eating disorder (BED), co-occurring with obesity (OB), are largely unknown. This research project conceptualizes BED as a disorder with dysfunctional emotion regulation (ER) linked with changes in central noradrenaline (NA) transmission and NA-modulated neuronal networks.

Methods: We expect abnormalities in NA activity in both BED and OB, but most pronounced in BED.

Preliminary data that psychological treatment and baseline anxiety are associated with a decrease in postprandial fullness and early satiation for individuals with bulimia nervosa and related other specified feeding or eating disorder.

Objective: Gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly postprandial fullness, are frequently reported in eating disorders. Limited data exist evaluating how these symptoms change in response to outpatient psychological treatment. The current study sought to describe the course of postprandial fullness and early satiation across psychological treatment for adults with bulimia nervosa and related other specified feeding or eating disorders and to test if anxiety moderates treatment response.

Binge-Eating Disorder Interventions: Review, Current Status, and Implications.

Purpose Of Review: Binge-eating disorder (BED) is a serious psychiatric problem associated with substantial morbidity that, unfortunately, frequently goes unrecognized and untreated. This review summarizes the current status of behavioral, psychological, pharmacological, and combined treatments for BED in adults with a particular focus on recent findings and advances.

Recent Findings: Certain specific psychological treatments, notably CBT and IPT, and to some extent DBT, have demonstrated efficacy and are associated with durable benefits after treatment.

Using Wearable Passive Sensing to Predict Binge Eating in Response to Negative Affect Among Individuals With Transdiagnostic Binge Eating: Protocol for an Observational Study.

Background: Binge eating (BE), characterized by eating a large amount of food accompanied by a sense of loss of control over eating, is a public health crisis. Negative affect is a well-established antecedent for BE. The affect regulation model of BE posits that elevated negative affect increases momentary risk for BE, as engaging in BE alleviates negative affect and reinforces the behavior.

Latent profiles of emotion dysregulation among individuals with binge-spectrum eating disorders: Associations with eating disorder pathology.

Objective: Emotion dysregulation (i.e., a multi-component term comprising nonacceptance of emotional responses, difficulty engaging in goal-directed behaviour, impulse control difficulties, lack of emotional awareness, limited access to emotion regulation strategies, and lack of emotional clarity) is a well-established transdiagnostic risk and maintenance factor for eating disorders.