New approach to establish a surgical planning in infantile vallecular cyst synchronous with laryngomalacia based on aerodynamic analysis.

Background And Objectives: A large proportion of infants with vallecular cyst (VC) have coexisting laryngomalacia (LM). Feeding difficulties, regurgitation, occasional cough, and sleep-disordered breathing are the common symptoms in moderate to severe cases. The surgical management of these cases is more challenging and remains controversial.

Hemodynamic analysis of hepatic arteries for the early evaluation of hepatic fibrosis in biliary atresia.

Background And Objective: Hepatic fibrosis is the prominent characteristic of biliary atresia (BA), may even progress continually after Kasai procedure (KP). BA, as a devastating pediatric hepatic disease, mainly leads to newborn cholestasis, even liver cirrhosis, eventually hepatic failure. Earlier diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis, which used to be detected by liver biopsy commonly, is consistent with better outcomes of KP.

Preoperative Morphological Prediction of Early Reoperation Risk After Primary Repair in Tetralogy of Fallot: A Contemporary Analysis of 83 Cases.

This study was conducted to investigate the pulmonary artery (PA) variations in tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and preoperative morphological predictors for early reoperation. Eighty-three TOF patients and 20 children with normal PA were included. The TOF group was divided into two subsets according to whether or not reoperation was performed within 3 years postoperatively.

Medical Image-Based Hemodynamic Analyses in a Study of the Pulmonary Artery in Children With Pulmonary Hypertension Related to Congenital Heart Disease.

Pulmonary hypertension related to congenital heart disease (PH-CHD) is a devastating disease caused by hemodynamic disorders. Previous hemodynamic research in PH-CHD mainly focused on wall shear stress (WSS). However, energy loss (EL) is a vital parameter in evaluation of hemodynamic status.

Computational Evaluation of Surgical Design for Multisegmental Complex Congenital Tracheal Stenosis.

Multisegmental complex congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening malformation of the airway. Staged surgery is indicated for the complex pathophysiology of the abnormal trachea. Surgical intervention to fix the stenotic segments may result in different postoperative outcomes.

Effects of Different Modes of Mechanical Ventilation on Aerodynamics of the Patient-specific Airway: A Numerical Study.

Mechanical ventilation (MV) is an effective management strategy for neonates with critical congenital heart disease or congenital tracheal stenosis (CTS). However, there is no standard for patient-specific mode selection. This study numerically investigated the aerodynamic effects of tracheal model with severe stenosis when by different levels of ventilator assist during Pressure Support Ventilation (PSV) and Neurally Adjusted Ventilatory Assist (NAVA).

Influence of Offset on Hemodynamics of Intra-atrial Conduit Fontan's Procedure and Its Clinical Implications.

Background: The desirable distance, defined as offset, between the central line of the superior vena cava (SVC) and the intra-atrial conduit after an intra-atrial conduit (IAC) Fontan's procedure remained unclear. We compared the hemodynamic features using virtual surgery with different offset designs in our study.

Methods: Three-dimensional models of IAC Fontan's procedure were reconstructed according to the magnetic resonance imagings (MRIs) of three patients, then four models for each patient with different offsets equaling 100, 67, 33, and 0% of the diameter of the IVC were reconstructed.