Immediate and long-term changes in the epidemiology, infection spectrum, and clinical characteristics of viral and bacterial respiratory infections in Western China after the COVID-19 outbreak: a modeling study.

Background: The impact of COVID-19 on the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and infection spectrum of viral and bacterial respiratory infections in Western China is unknown.

Methods: We conducted an interrupted time series analysis based on surveillance of acute respiratory infections (ARI) in Western China to supplement the available data.

Results: The positive rates of influenza virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and viral and bacterial coinfections decreased, but parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human adenovirus, human rhinovirus, human bocavirus, non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydia pneumoniae infections increased after the onset of the COVID-19 epidemic.

Effect of different vaccine strategies for the control of Japanese encephalitis in mainland China from 1961 to 2020: A quantitative analysis.

Background: We aimed to quantify the impact of each vaccine strategy (including the P3-inactivated vaccine strategy [1968-1987], the SA 14-14-2 live-attenuated vaccine strategy [1988-2007], and the Expanded Program on Immunization [EPI, 2008-2020]) on the incidence of Japanese encephalitis (JE) in regions with different economic development levels.

Methods: The JE incidence in mainland China from 1961 to 2020 was summarized by year, then modeled and analyzed using an interrupted time series analysis.

Results: After the P3-inactivated vaccine was used, the JE incidence in Eastern China, Central China, Western China and Northeast China in 1968 decreased by 39.

Impact of the expanded program on immunization on the incidence of Japanese encephalitis in different regions of Mainland China: An interrupt time series analysis.

In 2008, Mainland China included the Japanese encephalitis (JE) vaccine in the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) to control the JE epidemic. However, Northwest China experienced the largest JE outbreak since 1994 in 2018, and the effects of the EPI in different regions are unclear. Therefore, we used an interrupted time series design to evaluate the effects of the EPI in different regions.

Cohort Profile Update: the China Metal-Exposed workers Cohort Study (Jinchang Cohort).

The Jinchang Cohort was an ongoing 20-year ambispective cohort with unique metal exposures to an occupational population. From January 2014 to December 2019, the Jinchang Cohort has completed three phases of follow-up. The baseline cohort was completed from June 2011 to December 2013, and a total of 48 001 people were included.

A comparison of clinical manifestations of Japanese encephalitis between children and adults in Gansu Province, Northwest China (2005-2020).

Japanese encephalitis (JE), a mosquito-borne zoonotic disease, has emerged as a major public health concern around the world. Previous research has shown that JE has serious sequelae, and the recent shift in the population from children to adults presents a significant challenge for JE treatment and prevention. Therefore, we examined the differences in clinical manifestations (clinical symptoms, clinical signs, complications, and clinical typing) of JE between children and adults over the 15 years in Gansu Province to provide a theoretical basis for better response to JE treatment.

High-level uric acid in asymptomatic hyperuricemia could be an isolated risk factor of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases: A prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Whether the asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH) raise the cardiovascular disease risk with or without hyperuricemia-related comorbidities still remains contentious. Our study was aimed to quantitatively access the incidence risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke associated with AH.

Methods And Results: In this prospective cohort study, multivariate-adjusted Cox regression models were applied to evaluate the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Effects of hepatitis B virus infection, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase on prediabetes and diabetes mellitus: A cohort study.

Introduction And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to confirm whether hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the levels of liver enzymes would increase the risk of prediabetes and diabetes mellitus (DM) in China.

Materials And Methods: A total of 10,741 individuals was enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Cox regression analysis was used to calculate the Hazard ratios (HRs) to evaluate the relationships between HBV infection and the risk of DM and prediabetes.

Occupational exposure to heavy metals, alcohol intake, and risk of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes among Chinese male workers.

Objective: Both exposure to heavy metals and alcohol intake have been related to the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we aimed to assess the potential interactions between metal exposure and alcohol intake on the risk of T2D and prediabetes in a cohort of Chinese male workers.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 26,008 Chinese male workers in an occupational cohort study from 2011 to 2013.

Spatial distribution of tuberculosis and its socioeconomic influencing factors in mainland China 2013-2016.

Background: To assess the spatial epidemic characteristics of TB and identify the key areas for disease prevention and control.

Objective: To explore the spatial distribution and socioeconomic influencing factors of TB in mainland China from 2013 to 2016.

Methods: Spatial autocorrelation was used to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of TB at the quantitative level.

Liver Enzymes, Fatty Liver and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Jinchang Cohort: A Prospective Study in Adults.

Objectives: It is unclear whether liver enzymes or the interactions of various liver enzymes is a predictor of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which is independent of fatty liver.

Methods: A total of 48,001 subjects participated in baseline examinations. Among the subjects, 33,355 were followed for an average of 2.

Viral etiologies and epidemiology of patients with acute respiratory infections based on sentinel hospitals in Gansu Province, Northwest China, 2011-2015.

Understanding etiological role and epidemiological profile is needed to improve clinical management and prevention of acute respiratory infections (ARIs). A 5-year prospective study about active surveillance for outpatients and inpatients with ARIs was conducted in Gansu province, China, from January 2011 to November 2015. Respiratory specimens were collected from patients and tested for eight respiratory viruses using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

Dose-response analysis of environmental exposure to multiple metals and their joint effects with fasting plasma glucose among occupational workers.

Objectives: Environmental exposure to metals may adversely affect cardiometabolic health. However, little data are available directly evaluating the roles of metal exposure in blood glucose of which dysfunction has been linked to diabetes. We aimed to evaluate the dose-response associations between fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and multiple urinary metals including nickel, cobalt, copper, zinc, and arsenic, as well as to examine their joint effects among occupational workers.

Multiple metals exposure, elevated blood glucose and dysglycemia among Chinese occupational workers.

Aims: Exposure to metals may adversely affect cardiometabolic health. The aim of this study is to directly evaluate the roles of multiple metals exposure in glucose homeostasis, the dysfunction of which has been linked to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 464 metal-exposed workers who participated in a large prospective occupational study in China (Jinchang Cohort).

Reproductive factors and risk of type 2 diabetes in an occupational cohort of Chinese women.

Aims: Hormonal milieu has long been known to play an important role in the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aims of this study are to investigate the roles of menstrual and reproductive factors in relation to T2D risk in an occupational cohort of Chinese women; and to explore the role of endogenous estrogen in T2D development.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 16114 women (11051 premenopausal and 5063 postmenopausal) aged ≥20years who participated in the ongoing prospective occupational cohort study.

Socio-ecological factors and hand, foot and mouth disease in dry climate regions: a Bayesian spatial approach in Gansu, China.

The influence of socio-ecological factors on hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) were explored in this study using Bayesian spatial modeling and spatial patterns identified in dry regions of Gansu, China. Notified HFMD cases and socio-ecological data were obtained from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, Gansu Yearbook and Gansu Meteorological Bureau. A Bayesian spatial conditional autoregressive model was used to quantify the effects of socio-ecological factors on the HFMD and explore spatial patterns, with the consideration of its socio-ecological effects.

[Disease burden of gastric cancer in Jinchang cohort].

Objective: To understand the current status of disease burden caused by gastric cancer in Jinchang cohort.

Methods: In this historical cohort study, the data of gastric cancer deaths from 2001 to 2013 and the medical records of gastric cancer cases from 2001 to 2010 in Jinchang cohort were collected to analyze the mortality, potential years of life lost (PYLL), working PYLL (WPYLL) associated with gastric cancer, and the medical expenditure data were used to evaluate the direct economic burden. Spearman correlation analysis and the average growth rate were used to describe the change trend of disease burden of gastric cancer.

[Disease burden of lung cancer in Jinchang cohort].

Objective: To understand the current status of lung cancer disease burden in Jinchang cohort.

Methods: In this historical cohort study, the mortality data of the lung cancer from 2001 to 2013 and medical records of the lung cancer cases from 2001 to 2010 in Jinchang cohort were used, analyze mortality, direct economic burden, potential years of life lost (PYLL) and working PYLL (WPYLL) associated with lung cancer.

Results: A total of 434 lung cancer deaths occurred in Jinchang cohort from 2001 to 2013.

[Cancer burden in the Jinchang cohort].

Objective: To understand the disease burden caused by cancers in Jinchang cohort, and develop effective strategies for cancer prevention and control in this population.

Methods: The cancer mortality data from 2001 to 2013 and the medical records for cancer patients from 2001 to 2010 in Jinchang cohort were collected. The disease burden caused by cancer was analyzed by using mortality rate, potential years of life lost (PYLL), working PYLL (WPYLL), and direct economic burden.

Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of influenza A (H1N1): A meta-analysis.

Background: In March 2009, the first reported case infected with influenza A (H1N1) virus was identified in Mexico. The World Health Organization officially declared the outbreak to be a pandemic on June 11, 2009. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of influenza A (H1N1) infection.

[Spatial-temporal distribution of hepatitis B in Gansu province, 2009-2014].

Objective: To understand the hot/cold spots and the spatial-temporal clustering of hepatitis B in Gansu province during 2009-2014 by using spatial statistics, and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of hepatitis B.

Methods: The spatial hot/cold spots and its trend, and the time frame and areas of its spatial-temporal clustering of hepatitis B in Gansu were analyzed by using the county specific incidence of hepatitis B from 2009 to 2014 and spatial statistical software GeoDa and SatScan.

Results: The incidences of hepatitis B from 2009 to 2014 in Gansu were spatial autocorrelated respectively.

Improving Knowledge about Children's Environmental Health in Northwest China.

The main purpose of this study was to identify policy maker opinions and attitudes towards children's environmental health (CEH), potential barriers to child-specific protective legislation and implementation in northwest China, and evaluate knowledge and attitudes about CEH before and after an educational conference. We conducted seventy-two interviews with regional officials, researchers and non-governmental organization representatives from five provinces, and surveyed participants (forty-seven) before and after an educational conference in northwest China about CEH. Interviews identified general consensus among participants of the adverse effects of air pollution on children, yet few participants knew of policies to protect them.

[Spatial clustering of hand-foot-mouth disease in Gansu, 2012].

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the spatial distribution and spatial clustering of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Gansu, 2012.

Methods: Spatial autocorrelation and Spatial scanning analysis were used to conduct spatial statistical analyses for the HFMD at the county/district level.

Results: HFMD cases did not show a random distribution but with significant spatial aggregation.

Atmospheric levels and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) bound to PM2.5 in Guangzhou, China.

The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM2.5 contribute significantly to health risk. The objectives of this study were to assess the occurrence and variation in the concentrations and sources of PM2.