[Epidemic characteristics of HIV-infected people among Chinese and Burmese in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, 2000-2023].

To analyze the epidemic characteristics and trends of newly reported HIV-infected people among Chinese and Burmese in Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture (Dehong Prefecture) of Yunnan Province, China, from 2000 to 2023, and provide evidence for formµlating AIDS prevention and control measures for the Burmese living in Dehong. The data were obtained from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System. The distribution of HIV-infected people with different population characteristics was analyzed, and the Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the temporal trend of crude detection rate in different genders, ethnicities, and ages.

[Epidemiological characteristics and trend of mortality on hand, foot and mouth disease in China, 2008-2022].

To analyze the nationwide epidemiological characteristics and trend of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) fatal cases from 2008 to 2022 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of HFMD. The information on HFMD fatal cases during 2008 to 2022 was collected from the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance Reporting System of China. Data of the epidemiological characteristics was analyzed by R 4.

Patients' and clinicians' perspectives on virtual phone consultation in vascular surgery.

Introduction: The pandemic limited our capacity for face-to-face (F2F) outpatient clinics and therefore we set up virtual phone consultation clinics (VPC). Our study evaluated patients' and clinicians' perspectives on our VPC and identified areas for improvement.

Methods: We designed a questionnaire for patients and a questionnaire for clinicians.

Helicid: A novel Anti-Staphylococcus aureus adjuvant.

Staphylocoagulase (Coa) plays a critical role in the pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The present study was undertaken to investigate the underlying mechanism which helicid (HEL) suppressed the virulence factor Coa, as well as to assess the synergistic inhibitory effects of HEL in conjunction with antibiotics, thereby establishing the potential of HEL as an antibacterial adjuvant.

3-Dimensional quantitative analysis of mandibular motion in TMD and healthy subjects: Comparison with clinical observations.

Objectives: To establish a quantitative method for objectively assessing 3-dimensional (3D) mandibular trajectories and comparing clinical evaluations with computational analyses.

Methods: In total, 184 volunteers were recruited and grouped into control (n = 121) and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) groups (n = 63) according to the dual-axis DC/TMD checklist. 3D trajectories were generated by integrating mandibular motion and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) records.

VNS facilitates the neurological function recovery after ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating the A1/A2 polarization of astrocytes through the NMU-NMUR2 pathway.

Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Although conventional treatments such as thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy are effective, their narrow therapeutic window limits long-term neurological recovery. Previous studies have shown that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) enhances neurological recovery after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and neuromedin U (NMU) has neuroprotective effects.

Investigating the Mechanism of Hedysarum Multijugum Maxim in the Treatment of Liver Cancer through Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Validation.

Introduction: Hedysarum Multijugum Maxim (HMM), a Chinese traditional medicine , exerts anti-tumor effects and has been extensively studied for its potential to treat cancer in recent years. Clinical research has shown that HMM can control hepatocellular cancer, but the exact molecular mechanism is unclear.

Methods: To identify the principal bioactive constituents of HMM and their corresponding targets, we constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network.

Artemisitene ameliorates carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and modulating immune responses.

Artemisitene (ATT), an artemisinin (ART) analog retaining the endoperoxide moiety and incorporating an additional α, β-unsaturated carbonyl structure, exhibits enhanced biological activities. However, its therapeutic effects on liver fibrosis remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that ATT significantly alleviated liver inflammation and fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCL) in mice.

Non-metallic surface-modified X-Cu (X = F, Cl, Br) metal catalysts for all-pH hydrogen evolution reaction with high performance.

Producing hydrogen through water electrolysis represents a clean and sustainable solution that is crucial in addressing the energy crisis. Nonetheless, the slow process of water electrolysis leads to large different kinetics for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under different pH solutions. Here, we designed surface modified metallic X-Cu catalysts (X = F, Cl, Br) with different non-metallic elements on nickel foam (NF) using an electrochemical deposition method, which realizes high performance for all-pH range.

Interaction effects on acoustic emissions of submicron ultrasound contrast agents at subharmonic resonances.

Submicron ultrasound contrast agents hold great potential to extend the bubble-mediated theranostics beyond the vasculature, but their acoustic response and the interaction effects between them remain poorly understood. This study set out to numerically examine the interaction effects on the subharmonic oscillations of nanobubbles and the resultant acoustic emissions under subharmonic resonance conditions. Results showed that a negative correlation between bubble size and subharmonic resonance frequency is readily obtained from the radius response curves.

The Six-Factor Cognitive Domino Model of Anxiety.

Although humans have been exploring the mysteries of anxiety, relatively few specific cognitive pathways for generation of anxiety have been explored. We integrated many existing theories and experiences in clinical counseling to propose a new anxiety cognitive domino model of anxiety. The model suggests that there are six ordered cognitive factors that affect anxiety, which act like a domino effect, leading to the development and circulation of anxiety.

Intramolecular Anti-Markovnikov Alkene Hydroaminative Cyclization to -2,3-Disubstituted Piperidines.

Multisubstituted piperidines are prevalent units in pharmaceuticals. Herein, a photodriven anti-Markovnikov hydroaminative cyclization of a ()/()-isomeric mixture of trisubstituted alkenes using the lactate-derived -symmetric arylthiol catalyst was developed for the synthesis of -2,3-disubstituted piperidines and azepane in high diastereoselectivity and good yields. The origin of diastereoselectivity and the observed different hydroamination rate of alkene with different configurations were elucidated by the experimental and computational investigation.

Mucin Promotes Bacterial Swarming by Making the Agar Surface More Slippery.

When inoculated on the surface of soft agar containing nutrients, many species of motile bacteria can grow into a dense population and spread across the surface by a form of motility called swarming. We study the swarming behavior of sp. SM3, a species of bacteria that exhibits a swarm-dependent reduction in symptoms associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Fire Reduces Soil Nitrate Retention While Increasing Soil Nitrogen Production and Loss Globally.

Elucidating the response of soil gross nitrogen (N) transformations to fires could improve our understanding of how fire affects N availability and loss. Yet, how internal soil gross N transformation rates respond to fires remains unexplored globally. Here, we investigate the general response of gross soil N transformations to fire and its consequences for N availability and loss.

Coagulation-Targeted TGF-β Signaling Pathway Inhibitor Nanomedicine for Inhibiting the Growth and Lung Metastasis of Breast Cancer.

The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway exerts a dual role in oncogenesis, acting as a suppressor in healthy and early stage neoplastic tissues while promoting malignancy and metastasis in advanced cancers. Tumor hemorrhage further exacerbates TGF-β-mediated metastasis by up-regulating its expression. Here, a coagulation-targeting peptide (A15)-decorated TGF-β inhibitor nanomedicine (A15-LY-NPs) was developed.

Blue Energy Extraction Performance by Polyelectrolyte-Coated Porous Electrodes: Effects of Opposing Polyelectrolyte Interaction in Micropores.

In the capacitive mixing technique, the electrode used to extract blue energy is typically composed of a carbon-based porous electrode material. Polyelectrolyte (PE) surface coating on porous electrodes serves as an intermediate soft layer, which can significantly enhance the energy extraction performance (EEP). Herein, the blue energy extraction performance by using PE-coated electrodes is studied by a statistical thermodynamic theory, with the exploration of the interplay effects between opposing polyelectrolyte interactions and pore size.

Nonpharmacological Spine Pain Management in Clinical Practice Guidelines: A Systematic Review Using AGREE II and AGREE-REX Tools.

To summarize the content and critically appraise the quality and applicability of recent clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for nonpharmacological, nonsurgical management of spine pain. Systematic review of CPGs. Six databases and seven guideline clearinghouses.

Elemental Sulfur/Selenium-Mediated Metal-Free Phosphinothioation and Phosphinoselenoation of Vinylsulfonium Salts with P-H Bonds.

An efficient and facile method has been developed for the construction of novel P-S-C and P-Se-C bonds by facilitating the three-component cross-coupling reaction of P-H bonds with elemental sulfur/selenium and vinylsulfonium salts, utilizing sodium bicarbonate as a base. This approach eliminates the need for the use of toxic and odorous active sulfur/selenium reagents and noble metals, thereby offering a new pathway for synthesizing -phosphinothioates and -phosphinoselenoates via the organic conversion of inorganic sources. The reaction has showcased remarkable versatility in terms of substrate applicability, particularly for organophosphorus compounds containing P-H bonds and vinylsulfonium salt derivatives.

SYISL Knockout Promotes Embryonic Muscle Development of Offspring by Modulating Maternal Gut Microbiota and Fetal Myogenic Cell Dynamics.

Embryonic muscle fiber formation determines post-birth muscle fiber totals. The previous research shows SYISL knockout significantly increases muscle fiber numbers and mass in mice, but the mechanism remains unclear. This study confirms that the SYISL gene, maternal gut microbiota, and their interaction significantly affect the number of muscle fibers in mouse embryos through distinct mechanisms, as SYISL knockout alters maternal gut microbiota composition and boosts butyrate levels in embryonic serum.

A Taybi-Linder syndrome-related RTTN variant impedes neural rosette formation in human cortical organoids.

Taybi-Linder syndrome (TALS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by severe microcephaly with abnormal gyral pattern, severe growth retardation and bone abnormalities. It is caused by pathogenic variants in the RNU4ATAC gene. Its transcript, the small nuclear RNA U4atac, is involved in the excision of ~850 minor introns.

Anelloviruses and Cancer.

Anelloviruses are among the most prevalent viruses within the human virome, detected in over 90% of healthy individuals. Despite their ubiquity, the role of anelloviruses in human health remains elusive. This review examines the potential associations of anelloviruses torque teno virus (TTV), torque teno midi virus (TTMDV), and torque teno mini virus (TTMV) with various cancers, highlighting the mixed conclusions from current epidemiological studies.

MR Imaging Reveals Dynamic Aggregation of Multivalent Glycoconjugates in Aqueous Solution.

Glycoconjugates forming from the conjugation of carbohydrates to other biomolecules, such as proteins, lipids, or other carbohydrates, are essential components of mammalian cells and are involved in numerous biological processes. Due to the capability of sugars to form multiple hydrogen bonds, many synthetic glycoconjugates are desirable biocompatible platforms for imaging, diagnostics, drugs, and supramolecular self-assemblies. Herein, we present a multimeric galactose functionalized paramagnetic gadolinium (Gd(III)) chelate that displays spontaneous dynamic aggregation in aqueous conditions.

Ameliorating Oxidative Stress-Aggravated Adipose Tissue Senescence by Sesamol in Aged Obese Mice via Nrf2/p38MAPK Signaling.

Adipocyte senescence is one of the major common features correlated with aging, which can also lead to obesity, and aggravated oxidative stress contributes to cell senescence. Sesamol, a lignan from plants found in sesame, has been proven to alleviate obesity. However, the effects and mechanisms of sesamol on adipose tissue senescence remain unclear.

The Efficacy of Micro-Radiofrequency Therapy for Treating Non-Hunner Lesion Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction And Hypothesis: The objective was to explore the efficacy of micro-radiofrequency (micro-RF) therapy for treating non-Hunner interstitial cystitis (NHIC).

Methods: Forty female NHIC patients were enrolled in this retrospective study from December 2021 to December 2023, with 20 receiving intravesical micro-RF therapy and 20 undergoing hydrodistension (HD). The primary evaluation index was the treatment success rate using the Global Response Assessment (GRA) scale.