Immunodeficiency: Quantitative and qualitative phagocytic cell defects.

The immune system is divided into two major branches: innate and adaptive. The innate immune system is the body's first line of defense and rapidly responds in a nonspecific manner to various microorganisms, foreign materials, or injuries. Phagocytes, which include macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils, are innate immune cells that can surround and kill microorganisms, ingest foreign material, and remove dead cells.

Not all marketed skin cleansers' pH is optimal for atopic dermatitis.

The normally acidic skin pH changes in atopic dermatitis (AD) to alkaline, which contributes to the associated skin-barrier dysfunction. Hence, acidic cleansers would be preferred, but such information is scarce. Guiding health-care providers and patients on selecting skin cleansers with a pH optimal for AD.

Social protection and informality in Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Latin American governments swiftly implemented income assistance programs to sustain families' livelihoods during COVID-19 stay-at-home orders. This paper analyzes the potential coverage and generosity of these measures and assesses the suitability of current safety nets to deal with unexpected negative income shocks in 10 Latin American countries. The expansion of pre-existing programs (most notably conditional cash transfers and non-contributory pensions) during the COVID-19 crisis was generally insufficient to compensate for the inability to work among the poorest segments of the population.

HIV in women over 50 years: An analysis of administrative data in the departments of the Colombian Pacific region (2014-2018).

Introduction: HIV is a public health problem that is relevant in the Colombian Pacific due to major social problems in the region where women are exposed to more risk factors. Objective: To describe the differences by gender and age of the most frequent ICD-10 code related to HIV in four departments of the Colombian Pacific region during the period 2014 to 2018. Materials and methods: We conducted a descriptive, retrospective observational study with ecological units of analysis (departments and municipalities) obtained by aggregation.