Trophoblast-derived miR-410-5p induces M2 macrophage polarization and mediates immunotolerance at the fetal-maternal interface by targeting the STAT1 signaling pathway.

Background: Macrophages phenotypic deviation and immune imbalance play vital roles in pregnancy-associated diseases such as spontaneous miscarriage. Trophoblasts regulate phenotypic changes in macrophages, however, their underlying mechanism during pregnancy remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the potential function of trophoblast-derived miRNAs (miR-410-5p) in macrophage polarization during pregnancy.

A novel index for staging hepatitis B related liver cirrhosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Information on the stage of liver cirrhosis is essential for prognostication and decisions on surgical planning for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. But a non-invasive liver cirrhosis staging model is still lacking. The aim of our study was to develop a non-invasive model based on routine clinical parameters to evaluate the severity of cirrhosis in hepatitis B related HCC patients.

Risk factors to discriminate neoplastic polypoid lesions of gallbladder: A large-scale case-series study.

Background: Polypoid lesion of gallbladder (PLG) size larger than 10 mm is considered to be one of the surgical indications, but the final pathological results are mostly non-neoplastic polyps. The aim of the study was to define the risk factors to discriminate neoplastic PLG and create more precise criteria for surgical indications.

Methods: A large scale, case-series study based on 2704 patients who underwent cholecystectomy for PLG was designed.

Predicting the stages of liver fibrosis with multiphase CT radiomics based on volumetric features.

Purposes: To develop and externally validate a multiphase computed tomography (CT)-based machine learning (ML) model for staging liver fibrosis (LF) by using whole liver slices.

Materials And Methods: The development dataset comprised 232 patients with pathological analysis for LF, and the test dataset comprised 100 patients from an independent outside institution. Feature extraction was performed based on the precontrast (PCP), arterial (AP), portal vein (PVP) phase, and three-phase CT images.

Combination of hepatocyte fraction and diffusion-weighted imaging as a predictor in quantitative hepatic fibrosis evaluation.

Objective: To investigate the performance of the combined hepatocyte fraction (HepF) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values to stage hepatic fibrosis (HF) in patients with hepatitis B/C.

Materials And Methods: A total of 281 patients with hepatitis B/C prospectively underwent gadoxetate disodium-based T1 mapping and diffusion-weighted imaging. HepF was determined from pre and postcontrast T1 mapping with pharmacokinetics.