Diabetic Sarcopenia. A proposed muscle screening protocol in people with diabetes : Expert document.

Objectives: To propose the grounds for "diabetic sarcopenia" as a new comorbidity of diabetes, and to establish a muscle screening algorithm proposal to facilitate its diagnosis and staging in clinical practice.

Method: A qualitative expert opinion study was carried out using the nominal technique. A literature search was performed with the terms "screening" or "diagnostic criteria" and "muscle loss" or "sarcopenia" and "diabetes" that was sent to a multidisciplinary group of 7 experts who, in a face-to-face meeting, discussed various aspects of the screening algorithm.

Different profiles of advanced heart failure among patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Findings from the EPICTER study.

Aim: This work aims to compare the characteristics of advanced heart failure (HF) in patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and to determine the relevance of variables used to define advanced HF.

Patients And Methods: This cross-sectional, multicenter study included patients hospitalized for HF. They were classified into four groups according to presence/absence of advanced HF, determined based on general and cardiac criteria, and presence/absence of DM.

Lowering Blood Pressure with the Combination of a Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor and a Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Clinical Evidence.

Introduction: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) often have numerous cardiovascular risk factors, among which hypertension.

Aim: To evaluate the blood pressure variations among patients treated with a combination of a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (iSGLT-2) and a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1ra).

Methods: We analyze 17 patients treated with this combination to quantify the changes on blood pressure by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring at baseline and at three and 6 months follow-up.

High serum osmolarity at admission determines a worse outcome in patients with heart failure: Is a new target emerging?

Aims: The osmolarity of human serum is restricted to a tightly regulated range, and any deviation has clinical implications. Our aim in this study was to establish whether differences in serum osmolarity in heart failure (HF) patients are related with a worse outcome.

Methods: We evaluated the prognostic value of serum osmolarity in patients with HF from the Spanish National Registry on Heart Failure (RICA), a multicenter, prospective registry that enrolls patients admitted for decompensated HF and follows them for 1year.

Dimensionality of three versions of the Eating Disorder Inventory in adolescent girls.

Objectives: To analyze the dimensionality of three versions of the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) in adolescent girls.

Method: The sample comprised 738 participants. The Spanish adaptation of the EDI-2 was used.

Using polytomous item response models to assess death anxiety.

Background: : The study of human attitudes toward death has given rise to a substantial body of empirical research. Psychometric instruments have been developed to measure fear of death, or death anxiety, and its psychological consequences in people who continually come into contact with stimuli related to mortality.

Objectives: : To analyze the 20-item Death Anxiety Inventory (DAI) within the framework of item response theory (IRT) and using the generalized partial credit model.

[Differential item functioning: a bibliometric analysis of journals published in Spanish].

Differential item functioning: a bibliometric analysis of journals published in Spanish. This study aims to provide an overview of scientific productivity with respect to articles published in Spanish on the issue of DIF. The documents included in the study were identified using the Psicodoc database, as well as the Science Citation Index and Social Science Citation Index from the Web of Science.

[A brief scale to assess cognitive impairment in psychiatric patients].

The Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry(SCIP) is a brief instrument designed to assess cognitive deterioration in patients with psychiatric disorders, for example, schizophrenia. This study presents the first results obtained with the Spanish version of the SCIP in its three parallel forms with a sample of university students, these results being compared with those obtained with the English version. It is concluded that although there are no form effects, and that therefore the different forms can be used without distinction, there are certain practice effects on some of the instrument's sub-scales.

[Evaluation of consequences of test use in validity theory].

There is little doubt about the importance of validity during the compilation and evaluation of tests. Nevertheless, intense debate has arisen with regard to incorporating the consequences of test use as a further source of evidence in the most recent edition of the AERA, APA, NCME Standards . After reviewing the historical antecedents of the issue and the main lines of approach of both defenders and critics, this paper sets out the arguments which may be used in answer to the question: 'At what point should the analysis of the consequences of test use become part of validation?' The response of the AERA, APA, NCME Standards has clear similarities with the perspective adopted towards the consideration of bias in tests as a problem of validity.

[Validation scheme and procedures to analyze consequential validity].

The argument-based validation scheme guides assessment of the consequences of testing. The distinction between semantic inference and political inference allows us to combine the validation of the consequences in a single validation scheme. The validation process should produce evidence about the assumptions that support both types of inference.

Item response theory test equating in health sciences education.

In the context of health sciences education, and education in general, the knowledge or ability of one or several subjects in a specific area is frequently compared using different forms of a test, or by means of different instruments aimed at measuring this knowledge or ability. In such cases, test scores must be equated so that they can be properly compared. The present article aims to explain the equating of scores within the framework of item response theory (IRT), special emphasis being placed on its application in the field of health sciences education.

Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Moos Coping Response Inventory For Youth.

The present study examined the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of Moos's Coping Responses Inventory-Youth form in a sample of 1,401 adolescent secondary students (45% boys and 55% girls) ages 12 and 16 years (M = 14.1, SD = 1.4).

Changes in photosynthetic parameters and antioxidant activities following heat-shock treatment in tomato plants.

Seedlings of two tomato genotypes, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. var. Amalia and the wild thermotolerant type Nagcarlang, were grown under a photoperiod of 16 h light at 25°C and 8 h dark at 20°C.

Antioxidant systems and their relationship with the response of pepper fruits to storage at 20 degrees C.

Fresh peppers (Capsicum annuum L., variety California) in their green and red ripe stages were stored at 20 degrees C for 7 and 19 days to determine the effects of storage on whole fruit antioxidant capacity (TAA) and ascorbate (ASC) content, as well as on some antioxidant enzyme activities, such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and those of the ASC-glutathione cycle. At least one Mn-SOD, two Fe-SODs, and three CuZn-SODs were detected in the fruit extract after native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.