Natural variation and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing demonstrate the potential for a group VII ethylene response factor HvERF62 in regulating barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) waterlogging tolerance.

Waterlogging stress is a serious problem all over the world, which inhibits plant growth and development, and even leads to plant death in severe circumstances. Ethylene-responsive VII transcription factor (ERFVII) is a key factor regulating plant waterlogging tolerance. In this study, a major QTL conferring chlorophyll content under waterlogging stress was detected on chromosome 4H through GWAS using a natural population.

Associations of cMIND Diet with depressive and anxiety symptoms among old people in China: a nationwide study.

Purpose: The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet is a novel dietary approach that exhibits neuroprotective benefits. Studies have found that the MIND diet can effectively reduce the risk of depression and anxiety, but the relationship between them is unclear among older Chinese people. The objective of this research was to explore the association of the MIND diet with depression and anxiety among elderly Chinese individuals.

Joint association of sleep onset time and sleep duration with depression in patients with chronic kidney disease: Insights from the NHANES 2015-2020.

Background: The prevalence of depression among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is high and closely related to poor prognosis. However, the association between sleep onset time, sleep duration, and depression in CKD patients has not been thoroughly studied.

Methods: This study utilized cross-sectional data from CKD patients who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2015 to 2020, analyzing their sleep onset time, sleep duration, and Patient Health Questionnaire-Nine.

Trends in extraction and purification methods of Lignans in plant-derived foods.

Lignans are widely used as dietary supplements within health foods. However, excess addition of lignans can induce adverse reactions, therefore, it is necessary to develop rapid, effective, economical, and environmentally friendly extraction and purification methods to enhance lignan extraction efficiency. Recently, the advancement of sample pretreatment has been primarily directed towards the application of novel extraction solvents (e.

Gut-derived macrophages link intestinal damage to brain injury after cardiac arrest through TREM1 signaling.

Brain injury is the leading cause of death and disability in survivors of cardiac arrest, where neuroinflammation triggered by infiltrating macrophages plays a pivotal role. Here, we seek to elucidate the origin of macrophages infiltrating the brain and their mechanism of action after cardiac arrest/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CA/CPR). Wild-type or photoconvertible Cd68-Cre:R26-LSL-KikGR mice were subjected to 10-min CA/CPR, and the migration of gut-derived macrophages into brain was assessed.

Role of wound protectors in preventing surgical site infection in patients undergoing abdominal surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: To investigate the role of wound protectors (WPs) in surgical site infection (SSI) prevention in patients undergoing abdominal surgery.

Background: Despite practitioners having pursued the ultimate aim of "getting to zero" for centuries, SSI is still a global healthcare burden. WPs are thought to be able to prevent the incision from bacterial contamination, however, contradictory results have been reported.

Smart Targeting Layer on Silver Nanowire Electrodes Achieving Efficiency Breakthroughs in ITO-Free Conventional Flexible Organic Solar Cells.

Silver nanowire (AgNW) electrodes, known for their intrinsic flexibility and tunable optoelectronic properties, have garnered considerable attention for use in flexible organic solar cells (OSCs). However, in conventional OSCs, their low work function (WF) causes energy-level mismatches with classic aqueous hole transport layers (HTLs), while their poor hydrophilicity hinders the formation of optimized HTL morphology and crystallinity, posing challenges to their integration into high-performance OSCs. To address these issues, functionally targeted molecules with a thiol group at one end and strong electron-withdrawing, hydrophilic functional groups at the other are precisely engineered to wrap around the AgNW electrodes.

Organic solar cells with 20.82% efficiency and high tolerance of active layer thickness through crystallization sequence manipulation.

Printing of large-area solar panels necessitates advanced organic solar cells with thick active layers. However, increasing the active layer thickness typically leads to a marked drop in the power conversion efficiency. Here we developed an organic semiconductor regulator, called AT-β2O, to tune the crystallization sequence of the components in active layers.

Perspective on Flexible Organic Solar Cells for Self-Powered Wearable Applications.

The growing advancement of wearable technologies and sophisticated sensors has driven the need for environmentally friendly and reliable energy sources with robust mechanical stability. Flexible organic solar cells (OSCs) have become promising substitutes for traditional energy solutions thanks to their remarkable mechanical flexibility and high power conversion efficiency (PCE). These unique properties allow flexible OSCs to seamlessly integrate with diverse devices and substrates, making them an excellent choice for powering various electronic devices by efficiently harvesting solar energy.

Identification and characterization of a novel QTL for barley yellow mosaic disease resistance from bulbous barley.

Winter barley (Hordeum vulgare) production areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are severely threatened by barley yellow mosaic disease, which is caused by Barley yellow mosaic virus and Barley mild mosaic virus. Improving barley disease resistance in breeding programs requires knowledge of genetic loci in germplasm resources. In this study, bulked segregant analysis (BSA) identified a novel major quantitative trait loci (QTL) QRym.

Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Reveal the Mechanisms Underlying Waterlogging Tolerance in Barley.

Waterlogging is becoming a global issue, affecting crop growth and yield in low-lying rainfed areas. A DH line, TamF169, showing superior waterlogging tolerance, and its waterlogging-sensitive parent, Franklin, were used to conduct transcriptome analyses. The results showed that 2209 and 2578 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Franklin and 1997 and 1709 DEGs in TamF169 were detected by comparing gene expression levels under control and waterlogging after 4 and 8 days, respectively, with 392 and 257 DEGs being specific to TamF169 after 4 and 8 days under waterlogging, respectively.

ALG8-CDG: Advances in Molecular and Prenatal Phenotyping Facilitate Prenatal Diagnosis and Genetic Counseling.

Background: ALG8-congenital disorder of glycosylation (ALG8-CDG) is a rare inherited metabolic disorder leading to severe multisystem manifestations, with no reported prenatal patients to date.

Methods: We describe two fetuses from a single family with ALG8-CDG presenting with prenatal hydrops, undergoing comprehensive prenatal ultrasound, umbilical cord blood biochemistry, autopsy, placental pathology, and genetic testing.

Results: Prenatal ultrasound revealed fetal hydrops, skeletal anomalies, cardiac developmental abnormalities, cataracts, echogenic kidneys and bowel, oligohydramnios, choroid plexus cysts, and intrauterine growth restriction.

Development of a Prediction Model and Risk Score for Self-Assessment and High-Risk Population Identification in Liver Cancer Screening: Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Liver cancer continues to pose a significant burden in China. To enhance the efficiency of screening, it is crucial to implement population stratification for liver cancer surveillance.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a simple prediction model and risk score for liver cancer screening in the general population, with the goal of improving early detection and survival.

Clinicopathological and therapeutic comparisons of esophageal cancer between China and the USA: a multicenter hospital-based study.

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC) remains a global health challenge due to its poor prognosis. China and the United States of America (USA) represent two distinct epicenters of EC burden. Understanding the EC disparities in these two countries is vital for tailoring prevention strategies, optimizing treatment, and enhancing outcomes in both countries.

Experimental study on the inhibitory effect of Halofuginone on NSCLC.

In recent decades, significant advancements have been achieved in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment. However, drug resistance, postoperative recurrence, distant metastasis, and other critical issues arise during NSCLC treatment. Natural products play a crucial role in the development of anti-tumor drugs.

Enhanced Cross-stage-attention U-Net for esophageal target volume segmentation.

Purpose: The segmentation of target volume and organs at risk (OAR) was a significant part of radiotherapy. Specifically, determining the location and scale of the esophagus in simulated computed tomography images was difficult and time-consuming primarily due to its complex structure and low contrast with the surrounding tissues. In this study, an Enhanced Cross-stage-attention U-Net was proposed to solve the segmentation problem for the esophageal gross tumor volume (GTV) and clinical tumor volume (CTV) in CT images.

A Novel Detection Scheme for Motor Bearing Structure Defects in a High-Speed Train Using Stator Current.

Railway traction motor bearings (RTMB) are critical components in high-speed trains (HST) that are particularly susceptible to failure due to the high stress and rotational frequency they experience. To address the challenge of high false-positive rates in existing monitoring systems, this paper introduces a novel sensorless monitoring scheme that leverages stator current to detect fault-related characteristics, eliminating the need for additional sensors. This approach employs a hybrid signal preprocessing algorithm that integrates adaptive notch filtering (ANF) with envelope spectrum analysis (ESA) to effectively sparse the stator current and extract relevant fault features.

Spontaneous rupture of broad ligament vein in twin pregnancy: a case report and literature review.

Spontaneous uterine vein rupture in pregnancy is rare. This current case report presents a case of broad ligament vein rupture in spontaneous twin pregnancy that is even rarer. A female in her early 30s at the third trimester of a twin pregnancy presented with headache and left upper abdominal pain for 2 days.

Ultrasound-guided anterior iliopsoas muscle space block compared with fascia iliaca compartment block in elderly hip surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: Elderly hip fracture patients experience severe pain. Surgical stress and pain during position changes for spinal anesthesia puncture can adversely affect hemodynamics. The objective of this study was to compare the perioperative analgesic efficacy of anterior iliopsoas muscle space block with supra-inguinal fascia iliaca compartment block (S-FICB) in elderly patients undergoing hip surgery.

Boosting Carrier Transport in Quasi-2D/3D Perovskite Heterojunction for High-Performance Perovskite/Organic Tandems.

Wide-bandgap (WBG) perovskites are continuously in the limelight owing to their applicability in tandem solar cells. The main bottlenecks of WBG perovskites are interfacial non-radiative recombination and carrier transport loss caused by interfacial defects and large energy-level offsets, which induce additional energy losses when WBG perovskites are stacked with organic solar cells in series because of unbalanced carrier recombination in interconnecting layer (ICL). To solve these issues, 1,3-propanediammonium iodide (PDADI) is incorporated to form Dion-Jacobson -phase quasi-2D perovskites with mixed high-n-values in WBG perovskites.

Optimization and Preparation of Ultrasound-Treated Whey Protein Isolate Pickering Emulsions.

This study aimed to create Pickering emulsions with varying oil fractions and assess the impact of ultrasonic treatment on the properties of Whey Protein Isolates (WPIs). At 640 W for 30 min, ultrasound reduced WPI aggregate size, raised zeta potential, and improved foaming, emulsifying, and water-holding capacities. FTIR analysis showed structural changes, while fluorescence and hydrophobicity increased, indicating tertiary structure alterations.