Unlocking play willingness: the dual pathways of curiosity drive and downward social comparison in game advertising.

The integrity and clarity of information have long been regarded as the cornerstones of advertising strategy. However, recent game advertising has taken a different approach. Specifically, incomplete game videos, especially those showcasing losing gameplay, are more likely to stimulate players' interest compared to complete videos of winning gameplay.

Progress and application of lung-on-a-chip for lung cancer.

Lung cancer is a malignant tumour with the highest incidence and mortality worldwide. Clinically effective therapy strategies are underutilized owing to the lack of efficient models for evaluating drug response. One of the main reasons for failure of anticancer drug therapy is development of drug resistance.

Dysregulation of TNF-induced protein 3 and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β in alveolar macrophages: Implications for systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease.

Objectives: This study investigates the role of TNF-induced protein 3 (TNFAIP3) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) in alveolar macrophages (AMs) of patients with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) and their influence on pulmonary fibrosis.

Methods: Transfection of HEK293T cells and AMs with plasmids carrying TNFAIP3 and C/EBPβ was performed, followed by co-culturing AMs with pulmonary fibroblasts. Immunoblotting analysis was then utilized to assess the expression of TNFAIP3, C/EBPβ, and collagen type 1 (Col1).

Development and validation of nomogram models for predicting postoperative prognosis of early-stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: We aimed to investigate the postoperative prognosis in patients with early-stage laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) in association with the preoperative blood markers and clinicopathological characteristics and to develop nomograms for individual risk prediction.

Methods: The clinical data of 353 patients with confirmed early-stage LSCC between 2009 and 2018 were retrospectively retrieved from the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University. All patients were randomly divided into the training and testing groups in a 7:3 ratio.

Depletion of Gr1+ myeloid cells attenuates high-fat-diet-aggravated esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in mice.

Obesity is a leading cause of multiple cancers, but whether it promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and its underlying cancer-promoting mechanism remains unclear. To evaluate the effect of a high-fat diet (HFD) on ESCC and explore the role and mechanism of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in HFD-induced ESCC, C57BL/6J mice were treated with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) to induce ESCC and randomly assigned to an HFD or a normal-fat diet. An anti-Gr1 monoclonal antibody was used to deplete MDSCs in the context of experimental diets and ESCC induction.

Epigallocatechin Gallate Relieved PM2.5-Induced Lung Fibrosis by Inhibiting Oxidative Damage and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition through AKT/mTOR Pathway.

Oxidative damage and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are main pathological processes leading to the development of PM2.5-induced lung fibrosis. Epigallocatechin gallate (EG), a natural polyphenol extracted from green tea, possesses the ability to combat oxidative stress and inflammation.

Extensive Radiological Manifestation in Patients with Diabetes and Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is believed to affect tuberculosis (TB) at multiple levels in disease control and treatment efficacy, but clinical and radiological presentation resulting from interaction of the two diseases is not known.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on data obtained from medical records of 438 patients confirmed with TB-DM comorbidity at the Third people's hospital of Shenzhen from May 01, 2014, to April 30, 2019. Their CT images were reviewed, and patients were divided into subgroups according to lung cavitation: with and without cavities, and number of segments showing pulmonary infiltration: <4 segment, 4-8 segment, >8 segment infiltrates.

Isoliquiritin apioside relieves intestinal ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute lung injury by blocking Hif-1α-mediated ferroptosis.

Isoliquiritin apioside (IA), a critical ingredient of Glycyrrhizae radix et rhizoma, has been unveiled to possess remarkable pharmacological activity against oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the potential roles of IA in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) have not been reported yet. In the present study, we explored the effects of IA on I/R-induced ALI, and also clarified the possible mechanisms.

Oxypaeoniflorin Prevents Acute Lung Injury Induced by Lipopolysaccharide through the PTEN/AKT Pathway in a Sirt1-Dependent Manner.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is featured by pulmonary edema, alveolar barrier injury, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress. The activation of Sirt1 could relieve lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced murine ALI by maintaining pulmonary epithelial barrier function. Oxypaeoniflorin (Oxy) serves as a major component of Pall.

Melatonin protects against PM2.5-induced lung injury by inhibiting ferroptosis of lung epithelial cells in a Nrf2-dependent manner.

PM2.5 refers to ambient air particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters ≤ 2.5 µm, which has been a global environmental problem threatening public health in recent years.

Proteomics profiles of Cronobacter sakazakii and a fliF mutant: Adherence and invasion in mouse neuroblastoma cells.

Cronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic foodborne pathogen associated with necrotizing enterocolitis, bacteremia, and meningitis in infants. A comparative proteomic study of C. sakazakii ATCC BAA-894 (CS WT) and a fliF::Tn5 mutant was performed, including the ability of both strains to adhere to and invade N1E-115 cells.

[Single nucleotide polymorphism of rs28416520 in gene promoter region is associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer].

Objective: To analyze the correlation between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter of gene and gastric cancer.

Methods: The expression of mRNA in the tumor tissues of 3 patients with gastric cancer was detected by RT-qPCR, and RNA-Sequencing data from the Cancer RNA-Seq Nexus were analyzed for mRNA expression in gastric patients. Blood samples were collected from 24 gastric cancer patients and 29 healthy control subjects for PCR amplification of gene promoter region.

[Kirenol relieves dextran sulfate sodium-induced ulcerative colitis in mice by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines and inducing CD4 T lymphocyte apoptosis].

Objective: To investigate whether kirenol, the major pharmacologically active compound of the Chinese medicinal herb , can protect mice from dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: C57BL/6 mice with or without kirenol pretreatment were treated with DSS in drinking water for 7 days to induce UC. The symptoms of UC including weight loss, diarrhea and bloody stool were observed daily and graded using the disease activity index (DAI).

Imbalance between CD8CD28 and CD8CD28 T-cell subsets and its clinical significance in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in CD8CD28/CD8CD28 T-cell subset balance and in the CD8CD28 Treg cell number and function in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: Cell isolation and flow cytometry analysis were employed to investigate the T-cell subsets.

Results: It was found that in high-activity SLE patients, the CD8CD28 T-cell subset was reduced, which was inversely correlated with the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI), and that the CD8CD28/CD8CD28 ratio was elevated, which was positively correlated with SLEDAI and with renal damage and inversely correlated with serum complement level, whereas the CD8CD28 T-cell subset was increased only in inactive patients.

RNAi mediated knockdown of RpL11, RpS2, and tra-2 led to reduced reproduction of Phytoseiulus persimilis.

Phytoseiulus persimilis is one of the most important biological control agents of spider mites. Multiple studies have been conducted on factors affecting its reproduction, but limited research on related molecular mechanisms has been carried out. In this study, RNA interference of three genes, ribosomal protein L11 (RpL11), ribosomal protein S2 (RpS2), and transformer-2 (tra-2), to newly emerged females were performed through oral delivery of double-stranded RNA, and knockdown of target genes was verified using qRT-PCR analysis.

[rhPDCD5 suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and proliferation and induces apoptosis of activated lymphocytes from rats with collagen-induced arthritis].

Objective: To investigate the effect of recombinant human PDCD5 (rhPDCD5) treatment in a rat model of bovine II collagen (CII)-induced arthritis (CIA) on inflammatory cytokine secretion, proliferation and apoptosis of activated lymphocytes and explore the mechanisms of rhPDCD5-induced immunosuppression on activated lymphocytes.

Methods: Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group, CIA+ ovalbumin (OVA) group, CIA+ rhTNFR: Fc group, and CIA+rhPDCD5 group. The rats in the latter 3 groups received intraperitoneal injections of OVA (14 mg/kg), rhTNFR: Fc (3.

Spatial optimization mode of China's rural settlements based on quality-of-life theory.

This paper studies the optimization mode of the spatial organization of rural settlements based on the two-way interactive mechanism between the space of rural settlements and quality-of-life theory. It examines three main aspects: the integration of spatial function, the optimization of spatial structure, and the regulation of spatial scale. In this paper, we built an optimization mode and framework of spatial organization, called the road-oriented mode of rural settlements, based on quality-of-life theory.

The availability, price and affordability of antidiabetic drugs in Hubei province, China.

Based on the high prevalence and undiagnosed rate of diabetes mellitus in China in recent years, the aim of this work was to evaluate the availability, price and affordability of pharmacotherapy for diabetes in public hospitals in Hubei province, China. In 2016, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using World Health Organization/Health Action International (WHO/HAI) methodology. Information on the availability and prices of 20 antidiabetic drugs was collected from 34 public hospitals representing three levels of care.

A saprophytic fungus ( Sepedonium) associated with fatal pneumonia in a patient undergoing stem cell transplantation.

Sepedonium sp . is a saprophytic fungus that inhabits soil and plant material. Few cases of infection with this fungus have been reported.

[Impact of new trend of ecological environment changes on growth, reproduction and diffusion of ].

is the only intermediate host of , and the growth, reproduction and distribution of play an important role in schistosomiasis prevalence and transmission. This article reviews the influence of the new trend of ecological environment changes on the growth, reproduction and diffusion of the snails.

Effects of High Altitude Exposure on Physiology and Pharmacokinetics.

Background: High-altitude environments are known to result in a broad range of physiological changes in human body, which may influence various pharmacological processes and pharmacokinetics. A series of physiological systems reacting to a high-altitude stressor and the effects of these physiological alterations on pharmacokinetics have been investigated for decades.

Methods: In this review, we summarized the effects of high altitude on human physiological alterations (including those in the gastrointestinal system, cardiovascular system, pulmonary system, hematocrit, drug metabolism enzyme system, and renal excretory system), as well as subsequent changes of pharmacokinetics (such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of drugs).

Phase II study of preoperative bevacizumab, capecitabine and radiotherapy for resectable locally-advanced rectal cancer.

Background: To evaluate whether the addition of bevacizumab (BVZ) to capecitabine-based chemoradiotherapy in the preoperative treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) improves efficacy measured by the pathological complete response (pCR) rate.

Methods: A phase II two-step design was performed. Patients received four cycles of therapy consisting of: BVZ 10 mg/kg in first infusion on day 1 and 5 mg/kg on days 15, 29, 43, capecitabine 1800 mg/m(2)/day 5 days per week during radiotherapy, which consisted of external-beam irradiation (45 Gy in 1.

Complete remission of two patients with recurrent and wide spread extramammary Paget disease obtained from 5-aminolevulinic acid-based photodynamic therapy and imiquimod combination treatment.

Background: Extramammary Paget disease (EMPD) is an uncommon malignant neoplasm affecting apocrine gland-bearing skin which usually occurs in the anogenital area of patients older than 50 years. However, as EMPD in old men develops in penoscrotal area and sometimes asymptomatic, in situ or dermal invasion is usually widely spread before a confirmed diagnosis was made. Skin graft is needed after surgery.

Effects of Low Concentrations of Rotenone upon Mitohormesis in SH-SY5Y Cells.

The mitochondrial toxin rotenone exerts cytotoxicity via overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane. We investigated the effects of rotenone (12.5, 25, 50, 100 nmol/L) on mitochondrial biogenesis and the potential roles of ROS production in SH-SY5Y cells.