Effects of Music Therapy in the Context of Positive Emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning and Accomplishment (PERMA) on Negative Emotions in Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Depression.

Objective: This study explores the effects of music therapy under the framework of positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment (PERMA) on the negative emotions and quality of life (QOL) in patients with digestive diseases and mild-to-moderate depression in a general hospital.

Methods: From January 2020 to December 2021, 192 digestive diseases patients with mild-to-moderate depression who met the inclusion criteria were retrospectively analyzed and divided into the control group (routine nursing, n = 90) and the observation group (music therapy under PERMA, n = 102). Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), General Well-being Scale, and a 36-item short-form health survey were used to evaluate the negative emotions and QOL of patients.

Automatic Segmentation of Bone Marrow Lesions on MRI Using a Deep Learning Method.

Bone marrow lesion (BML) volume is a potential biomarker of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) as it is associated with cartilage degeneration and pain. However, segmenting and quantifying the BML volume is challenging due to the small size, low contrast, and various positions where the BML may occur. It is also time-consuming to delineate BMLs manually.

A large deletion conferring pale green leaves of maize.

Background: The structural basis of chloroplast and the regulation of chloroplast biogenesis remain largely unknown in maize. Gene mutations in these pathways have been linked to the abnormal leaf color phenotype observed in some mutants. Large scale structure variants (SVs) are crucial for genome evolution, but few validated SVs have been reported in maize and little is known about their functions though they are abundant in maize genomes.

Automatic Measuring of Finger Joint Space Width on Hand Radiograph using Deep Learning and Conventional Computer Vision Methods.

Hand osteoarthritis (OA) severity can be assessed visually through radiographs using semi-quantitative grading systems. However, these grading systems are subjective and cannot distinguish minor differences. Joint space width (JSW) compensates for these disadvantages, as it quantifies the severity of OA by accurately measuring the distances between joint bones.

Fully Automatic Knee Bone Detection and Segmentation on Three-Dimensional MRI.

In the medical sector, three-dimensional (3D) images are commonly used like computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The 3D MRI is a non-invasive method of studying the soft-tissue structures in a knee joint for osteoarthritis studies. It can greatly improve the accuracy of segmenting structures such as cartilage, bone marrow lesion, and meniscus by identifying the bone structure first.

Rapamycin facilitates differentiation of regulatory T cells via enhancement of oxidative phosphorylation.

We explored the interplay between energy metabolism and the impact of rapamycin (Rapa) on regulatory T cell (Treg) differentiation. Naïve CD4 T cells were stimulated under Treg-polarizing conditions with or without Rapa. Rapa promoted Treg induction, as the expression of Foxp3 and Treg phenotypic markers were enhanced.

Patients' perceptions of using artificial intelligence (AI)-based technology to comprehend radiology imaging data.

Results of radiology imaging studies are not typically comprehensible to patients. With the advances in artificial intelligence (AI) technology in recent years, it is expected that AI technology can aid patients' understanding of radiology imaging data. The aim of this study is to understand patients' perceptions and acceptance of using AI technology to interpret their radiology reports.

TGF-β1 maintains Foxp3 expression and inhibits glycolysis in natural regulatory T cells via PP2A-mediated suppression of mTOR signaling.

Natural regulatory T cells (nTregs) play a dominant role in maintaining immunological homeostasis and they are known to undergo metabolic reprogramming during immune responses. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, can promote the induction of regulatory T cells. Here, we investigated the effects of TGF-β1 on the stability and metabolism of nTregs stimulated in vitro.

T Cell Metabolism: A New Perspective on Th17/Treg Cell Imbalance in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

The Th17/T-regulatory (Treg) cell imbalance is involved in the occurrence and development of organ inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Metabolic pathways can regulate T cell differentiation and function, thus contributing to SLE inflammation. Increasingly, data have shown metabolism influences and reprograms the Th17/Treg cell balance, and the metabolic pattern of T cells is different in SLE.

Spin transport in insulators without exchange stiffness.

The discovery of new materials that efficiently transmit spin currents has been important for spintronics and material science. The electric insulator GdGaO (GGG), a standard substrate for growing magnetic films, can be a spin current generator, but has never been considered as a superior conduit for spin currents. Here we report spin current propagation in paramagnetic GGG over several microns.

The effect of a comprehensive care and rehabilitation program on enhancing pelvic floor muscle functions and preventing postpartum stress urinary incontinence.

This study was to investigate the incidence and the risk factors of postpartum stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and the effect of comprehensive care and rehabilitation program (CCRP) on preventing postpartum SUI.In stage I, 479 puerperae were recruited within 1 week postpartum, then the postpartum SUI incidence at 8th week and its risk factors were investigated. In stage II, 240 vaginal delivery puerperae were enrolled within 1 week postpartum and randomly assigned to CCRP group or control group as 1:1 ratio.

Rapamycin Modulate Treg/Th17 Balance via Regulating Metabolic Pathways: A Study in Mice.

A regulatory T (Treg) cell/T helper 17 (Th17) cell imbalance is involved in many autoimmune diseases. Rapamycin (Rapa), a clinically used immunosuppressive drug, has been shown to inhibit Th17 cell differentiation but promote Treg cell generation. In this study, we aimed to study the mechanism of Rapa acting on Treg and Th17 cell differentiation.

Microaneurysm Detection Using Principal Component Analysis and Machine Learning Methods.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an eye abnormality caused by long-term diabetes and it is the most common cause of blindness before the age of 50. Microaneurysms (MAs), resulting from leakage from retinal blood vessels, are early indicators of DR. In this paper, we analyzed MA detectability using small 25 by 25 pixel patches extracted from fundus images in the DIAbetic RETinopathy DataBase - Calibration Level 1 (DIARETDB1).

A Novel Method to Predict Knee Osteoarthritis Progression on MRI Using Machine Learning Methods.

This paper explored the hidden biomedical information from knee magnetic resonance (MR) images for osteoarthritis (OA) prediction. We have computed the cartilage damage index (CDI) information from 36 informative locations on tibiofemoral cartilage compartment from 3-D MR imaging and used principal component analysis (PCA) analysis to process the feature set. Four machine learning methods (artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine, random forest, and naïve Bayes) were employed to predict the progression of OA, which was measured by the change of Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) grade, Joint Space Narrowing on Medial compartment (JSM) grade, and Joint Space Narrowing on Lateral compartment (JSL) grade.

Inducing ferromagnetism and Kondo effect in platinum by paramagnetic ionic gating.

Electrically controllable magnetism, which requires the field-effect manipulation of both charge and spin degrees of freedom, has attracted growing interest since the emergence of spintronics. We report the reversible electrical switching of ferromagnetic (FM) states in platinum (Pt) thin films by introducing paramagnetic ionic liquid (PIL) as the gating media. The paramagnetic ionic gating controls the movement of ions with magnetic moments, which induces itinerant ferromagnetism on the surface of Pt films, with large coercivity and perpendicular anisotropy mimicking the ideal two-dimensional Ising-type FM state.

Impact of obesity on the efficacy of different biologic agents in inflammatory diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Obesity is a worldwide epidemic and a growing body of evidence suggests that it may affect the body's response to biologic agents. We investigated the influence of obesity on the efficacy of different biologic agents used to treat inflammatory diseases.

Methods: Medline, EMBASE and the Cochrane Database were searched using relevant MeSH and keyword terms for obesity and bDMARDs.

Celastrol mediates Th17 and Treg cell generation via metabolic signaling.

A T helper 17 (Th17) cell/regulatory T (Treg) cell imbalance is involved in many immune disorders and diseases. Celastrol, a Chinese herbal compound that has anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, has been indicated to suppress T cell proliferation and Th17 cell induction, while facilitating Forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) expression and Treg cell generation. In this study, we explored the impact and mechanism of celastrol on Th17 cell/induced Treg (iTreg) cell induction.

Effects of Adoptive Transfer of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells on Allograft Survival in Organ Transplantation Models: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.

Objective. To dissect the efficacy of Tol-DC therapy with or without IS in multiple animal models of transplantation. Methods and Results.

Counterfeits or Shanzhai? The Role of Face and Brand Consciousness in Luxury Copycat Consumption.

This study responds to the emergence of the Shanzhai phenomenon in the international marketplace and introduces the Shanzhai phenomenon into the consumer behavior literature by defining it and comparing it with well-known concepts like luxury counterfeits. More specifically, it examines how consumers' face and brand consciousness influence their willingness to buy luxury counterfeits rather than Shanzhai products. The results show that consumers who are more face conscious are more likely to choose luxury counterfeits than Shanzhai products.

Computer-Aided Diagnosis for Breast Ultrasound Using Computerized BI-RADS Features and Machine Learning Methods.

This work identifies effective computable features from the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS), to develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for breast ultrasound. Computerized features corresponding to ultrasound BI-RADs categories were designed and tested using a database of 283 pathology-proven benign and malignant lesions. Features were selected based on classification performance using a "bottom-up" approach for different machine learning methods, including decision tree, artificial neural network, random forest and support vector machine.

Interplay between mTOR and STAT5 signaling modulates the balance between regulatory and effective T cells.

Background: Immune response outcome, inflammation or tolerance, often depends on the balance between regulatory T cells (Tregs) and effective T cells (Teffs). Rapamycin (Rapa) has been reported to selectively expand Tregs and promote de novo generation of foxp3(+) Tregs, suggesting its potential role in inducing tolerance. But the mechanism by which Rapa regulating the Treg-Teff balance is yet to be understood.

Adoptive transfusion of tolerogenic dendritic cells prolongs the survival of liver allograft: a systematic review.

Objectives: To systematically review the effects of tolerogenic dendritic cells (Tol-DCs) induced by different methods on liver transplantation and their possible mechanisms of action.

Methods: PubMed and EMbase were searched for relevant articles through 31 December 2013. The effects of Tol-DCs on liver allograft survival were semiquantitatively evaluated, and the possible mechanisms by which Tol-DCs prolong graft survival were analyzed.

The effects of rapamycin on regulatory T cells: its potential time-dependent role in inducing transplant tolerance.

The immunosuppressive drug rapamycin (RAPA) has been used clinically to prevent graft rejection since 1999 because of its suppressive effects on T cell activation and proliferation. Recently, many studies have suggested that RAPA also has the potential to promote tolerance by driving the expansion of naturally occurring regulatory T (Treg) cells, and facilitating the de novo generation of induced Treg cells, which has aroused great interest in its potential ability to promote tolerance after transplantation. However, its effect on Treg cells remains controversial both in vitro and in vivo.

Over-expression of microRNA-494 up-regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha expression via PI3K/Akt pathway and protects against hypoxia-induced apoptosis.

Background: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is one of the key regulators of hypoxia/ischemia. MicroRNA-494 (miR-494) had cardioprotective effects against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced injury, but its functional relationship with HIF-1α was unknown. This study was undertaken to determine if miR-494 was involved in the induction of HIF-1α.