Publications by authors named "Juan Pardo"

Atmospheric CO concentrations have increased significantly since pre-industrial times, leading to ocean warming and acidification. These environmental changes affect the physiology of marine organisms as they modify metabolic processes. Despite the critical role of temperature and pH in marine biology, studies of their combined effects are limited.

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Background And Purpose: Cardiac surgery enhances cardiovascular disease (CVD) patient survival rates, and the fast-track protocol can reduce complications, hospital length of stay (HLOS) and associated costs. However, there is no evidence on the effectiveness of unsupervised physiotherapy programmes in reducing HLOS and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing fast-track surgery. The study aimed to determine if a pre-surgical respiratory programme reduces intensive care unit length of stay (ICULOS) and HLOS patients undergoing fast-track surgery, and its effects on post-operative complications and healthcare costs.

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Background: The foam roller is considered a versatile tool. Along with an active warm-up, it appears to positively affect range of motion, stability, muscle stiffness, and perceived exertion with no reductions in performance.

Hypothesis/purpose: The main purpose of the study was to observe the effects of the utilization of a foam roller during the warm-up on ankle mobility and lower limb stability, and secondarily, to assess if any induced effects were sustained over time.

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A collection of magnetic nanoparticles with average particle sizes in the range between 9 and 78 nm were prepared using several synthetic approaches that also provided different particle morphologies (spherical, octahedral and flowers). Some of these particles were also subsequently coated with different molecules in order to generate a set of materials that allowed us to evaluate the impact that the particle size, shape and coating had on the heating capacity of the nanoparticles when exposed to near infrared (NIR) laser light. Moreover, one of the prepared materials (octahedral particles of ∼32 nm coated with dextran) was used to perform an assay to study the possible use of this material in the frame of photothermal treatments to trigger cell death.

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Cassava frogskin disease (CFSD) emerged in the Americas in the 1970s, but its causal agent has to date remained a mystery. The clonal propagation of cassava, high incidence of mixed infections, unknown alternative hosts, and root symptoms taking two or more crop cycles to develop, have made it difficult to identify the causal agent. Consequently, most studies on CFSD have produced a catalogue of pathogens occurring in affected plants.

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Bacillus licheniformis can use cyanide as a nitrogen source for its growth. However, it can also carry out aerobic respiration in the presence of this compound, a classic inhibitor of mammalian cytochrome c oxidase, indicating that B. licheniformis has a branched respiratory chain with various terminal oxidases.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study investigated the respiratory activities of mitochondrial complexes I, II, and IV in both permeabilized cells and isolated mitochondria, revealing consistent substrate affinities across both settings.
  • - Activity analysis showed that extracted mitochondria from Antarctic yeast retained functionality for key electron transport chain components (Complexes I, II, III, and IV) and formed supercomplexes of I, III, and IV, though traditional methods didn’t reveal the functional states of ATP synthase.
  • - Additional pathways for NADH oxidation were identified, including alternative dehydrogenases, and cyanide exposure pointed to the potential presence of an alternative oxidase contributing to residual cellular respiration.
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Melt electrowriting (MEW) is a high-resolution additive manufacturing technology capable of depositing micrometric fibers onto a moving collector to form 3D scaffolds of controlled mechanical properties. While the critical role of layer bonding to achieve mechanical integrity in fused deposition modeling has been widely reported, it remains largely unknown in MEW, in part due to a lack of methods to assess it. Here, a systematic framework is developed to unravel the significance of layer bonding in MEW scaffolds and its ultimate effect on their mechanical properties.

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The world's population continuous to shift towards older, less active and more sedentary lifestyles especially during middle age. In addition consumption of high-caloric diets, increases the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular afflictions. Developing clinical strategies to mitigate those health complications represent a difficult challenge.

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Although Alzheimer's disease (AD) cause is still unknown, there are several known risk factors, such as dyslipidemia. Statins are the most prescribed lipid-modifying therapies. Recent research has suggested a relationship between statins and AD, nevertheless, their ability to prevent AD is still unclear.

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Article Synopsis
  • Melt electrowriting (MEW) is an advanced biofabrication technique using electric fields to create precise microstructures for soft tissue engineering, particularly in cardiovascular applications.
  • The method allows for innovative designs, such as introducing microvascular networks, developing small-diameter vascular grafts and stents, and creating adaptable cardiac tissues with customizable properties.
  • The overview also highlights ongoing challenges in the field and discusses the latest advancements in biomaterials necessary for fully realizing the potential of MEW technology.
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Background: During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, final-year nursing students in our country volunteered to join the healthcare workforce, and the challenges they faced were considerable.

Aim: To explore the factors that foster resilience among final-year nursing students that joined the healthcare workforce during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design: Descriptive qualitative study with thematic analysis.

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Background: The high incidence and mortality rates of urothelial carcinoma mean it remains a significant global health concern. Its prevalence is notably pronounced in industrialized countries, with Spain registering one of the highest incidences in Europe. Treatment options are available for various stages of bladder cancer.

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Article Synopsis
  • The extremotolerant red yeast can survive harsh environmental conditions and has a unique ability to produce lipids and carotenoids when stressed.
  • Research was conducted on how nitrogen stress affects the Antarctic yeast M94C9, revealing that varying nitrogen levels impact biomass and lipid production while causing structural changes in the yeast.
  • Key genes involved in lipid production were identified, and under nitrogen limitation, specific fatty acids like oleic and palmitic acids were found to accumulate, providing insights for potential industrial applications.
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The human trabecular meshwork (HTM) is responsible for regulating intraocular pressure (IOP) by means of gradient porosity. Changes in its physical properties, like increases in stiffness or alterations in the extracellular matrix (ECM), are associated with increases in the IOP, which is the primary cause of glaucoma. The complexity of its structure limits the engineered models to one-layered and simple approaches, which do not accurately replicate the biological and physiological cues related to glaucoma.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Researchers isolated and cultured a specific fungus (Ceratobasidium sp.) from cassava showing symptoms of witches' broom disease (CWBD) in Southeast Asia, a region affected by this serious crop disease.
  • - Genome analysis revealed that this fungus is a strain of C. theobromae, which is also responsible for another disease affecting cacao plants in the area, indicating a close genetic relationship between the two.
  • - The study utilized RNAscope® technology to map the distribution of the pathogen within the cassava plant, highlighting the potential for healthy planting material to be sourced from symptom-free areas, which is crucial for developing effective disease management strategies.
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Background: Prior to the onset of dementia, individuals commonly undergo a phase marked by subtle cognitive changes, known as subtle cognitive decline. Recognizing these early cognitive alterations is crucial, as they can serve as indicators of an impending decline in cognitive function, warranting timely intervention and support.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of subtle cognitive decline in a population of Spanish women and establish the relationship with possible protective and/or risk factors such as cognitive reserve, cardiovascular risk factors, medication consumption and psychosocial factors.

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The lack of effective treatments for dementia has led to explore the potential of antidiabetic agents as a possible approach. This cross-sectional and population-based study aimed to investigate the relationship between each antidiabetic drug and their defined daily doses (DDDs) and the use of anti-Alzheimer's disease (AD) drugs in order to establish new possible hypotheses about the role of antidiabetic drugs in AD. For that purpose, a database containing information on medications prescribed to 233183 patients aged 50 years or older between 2018 and 2020 was used.

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The prohibitins Phb1 and Phb2 assemble at the mitochondrial inner membrane to form a multi-dimeric complex. These scaffold proteins are highly conserved in eukaryotic cells, from yeast to mammals, and have been implicated in a variety of mitochondrial functions including aging, proliferation, and degenerative and metabolic diseases. In mammals, PHB2 regulates PINK1-PRKN mediated mitophagy by interacting with lipidated MAP1LC3B/LC3B.

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Aims: The terms "patient activation" and "patient empowerment" are used to describe the extent to which individuals are able to manage their own healthcare. Health outcomes and quality of life improve in patients who are more active in health care. The aim of this study was to identify sociodemographic, clinical, sociological and psychological determinants associated with activation in a group of chronically anticoagulated patients.

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Article Synopsis
  • PTP1B (protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B) is a key enzyme involved in insulin and leptin sensitivity, playing a significant role in metabolism, type 2 diabetes, and obesity.
  • There are four main strategies to inhibit PTP1B: orthosteric, allosteric, bidentate inhibition, and PTPN1 gene silencing, but creating effective inhibitors is difficult due to the enzyme's widespread presence and complex structure.
  • The article reviews advances in PTP1B research since its discovery in 1988 and discusses its role in metabolic diseases along with the ongoing challenges in developing selective and effective inhibitors.
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  • The study looked at how young people's education affects their health and eating habits.
  • Researchers surveyed nearly 10,000 people aged 18 to 30 and found that those with higher education tended to eat healthier and exercise more.
  • Overall, while young people in Spain are generally healthy, there’s still room for improvement in their nutrition and food choices.
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  • Docetaxel is the standard treatment for advanced prostate cancer, but many patients develop resistance due to certain cell signaling pathways becoming overly active.
  • This study investigates the combined inhibition of the PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK pathways in prostate cancer cells that are resistant to docetaxel, showing that this combo treatment can reduce cell growth and promote cancer cell death.
  • The results suggest that using selumetinib and AZD8186 together could be a new therapeutic approach for patients with a specific type of docetaxel-resistant prostate cancer, paving the way for future clinical trials.
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3D printing technologies have the potential to revolutionize the manufacture of heart valves through the ability to create bespoke, complex constructs. In light of recent technological advances, we review the progress made towards 3D printing of heart valves, focusing on studies that have utilised these technologies beyond manufacturing patient-specific moulds. We first overview the key requirements of a heart valve to assess functionality.

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