Risk of human leptospirosis in Colombia: spatiotemporal analysis and related hydroclimatic factors.

Background: Leptospirosis is an endemic zoonosis in tropical areas that is mainly related to rural activities; nevertheless, human leptospirosis (HL) outbreaks differ among regions. In Colombia, HL notifications are mandatory. Our objective was to determine the spatiotemporal distribution of HL in Colombia during 2007-2018 and its relationship with the main hydroclimatic variables.

Case Report: Disseminated Paracoccidioidomycosis and Strongyloides Hyperinfection in a Patient with Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1/2 Infection.

Co-occurrence of paracoccidioidomycosis and strongyloidiasis in immunosuppressed patients, particularly those infected with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1/2, is infrequent. We describe the case of a Peruvian farmer from the central jungle with human T-lymphotropic virus type 1/2 infection, with 2 months of illness characterized by respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms associated with fever, weight loss, and enlarged lymph nodes. Strongyloides stercoralis and Paracoccidioides brasiliensis were isolated in sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage samples, respectively.

Exposure to urban green spaces and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from two low and lower-middle-income countries.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on mental health globally, with limited access to mental health care affecting low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) the most. In response, alternative strategies to support mental health have been necessary, with access to green spaces being a potential solution. While studies have highlighted the role of green spaces in promoting mental health during pandemic lockdowns, few studies have focused on the role of green spaces in mental health recovery after lockdowns.

Unmasked immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome towards B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma during treatment of esophageal actinomycosis in a patient with advanced HIV: a case report.

Background: Actinomycosis is an unusual chronic bacterial infection, even rarer in people living with HIV. It is not considered an AIDS-defining disease. However, the role in co-presentation or overlap with other opportunistic conditions of advanced HIV is unknown.

Post-COVID symptom profiles and duration in a global convalescent COVID-19 observational cohort: Correlations with demographics, medical history, acute COVID-19 severity and global region.

Background: Post-COVID conditions are characterised by persistent symptoms that negatively impact quality of life after SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. While post-COVID risk factors and symptoms have been extensively described in localised regions, especially in the global north, post-COVID conditions remain poorly understood globally. The global, observational cohort study HVTN 405/HPTN 1901 characterises the convalescent course of SARS-CoV-2 infection among adults in North and South America and Africa.

Malignant syphilis as the presenting complaint of advanced HIV.

Malignant syphilis is an infrequent secondary manifestation in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with polymorphous and disseminated skin lesions being related to severe immunosuppression. Lesions have intense inflammatory circinate, ulcer-crusted and nodular skin lesions of diffuse distribution throughout the body, that can be confused with vasculitis or cutaneous lymphomas. We report a patient recently diagnosed with HIV infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome stage with malignant syphilis as the debut of HIV.

Assessment of Post-Dengue Rheumatic Symptoms Using the WOMAC and DAS-28 Questionnaires in a Honduran Population after a Four-Month Follow-Up.

Introduction: Alphaviruses may cause arthritis, but there is a lack of studies assessing it in flaviviruses such as dengue. Through the 28 Joint Disease Activity Score (DAS-28), incorporating swollen joint counts, and through the Arthritis Index from Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC), we assessed pain, stiffness, and dimensions of arthritic function in post-DENV patients. Methods: Prospective study of a cohort of participants who were diagnosed with dengue in centres in Honduras from December 2019 to February 2020, with a follow-up period of 4 months to evaluate post-dengue rheumatological disease through the WOMAC and DAS-28 questionnaires.

COVID-19 Associated Rhino-Orbital Mucormycosis Complicated by Gangrenous and Bone Necrosis-A Case Report from Honduras.

Background: Mucormycosis is a life-threatening invasive fungal infection most commonly observed in immunocompromised patients. Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, a growing number of associated infections, now termed COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM), have been reported. Despite an increase in fatality reports, no cases of rhino-orbital CAM complicated with gangrenous bone necrosis have been described in the literature to date.

Oligosymptomatic diphtheria infection in adults: two contacts of the Peruvian index case after 20 years without disease report.

In Peru, diphtheria infection was eradicated in the last two decades. However, recently, diphtheria pharyngeal infection was confirmed and reported in a 5-year-old boy (index case). We report two more cases of this outbreak (in the index case parents) with confirmed diphtheria infection and tox gene identified by molecular assay, who were in close contact with the index case and never presented any symptoms.

Use of antibiotics in inpatients from a national hospital in Lima, Peru.

Objective: To determine the point prevalence and characteristics of antibiotic use in different hospitalization areas of the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo.

Materials And Methods: We carried out a 3-week cross-sectional study with a census approach (using methodology from the World Health Organization) to determine the point prevalence of antibiotic use in inpatients from hospitalization areas, regardless of whether or not they were on an antibiotic regimen.

Results: We identified 358 patients, with a mean age of 49 (± 25.

Lateral amyotrophic sclerosis-like onset after combined antiretroviral treatment initiation.

Motor neuron disease (MND) have an incidence of 2 in 100 000 persons, resulting in the death of 1 in every 500 people affected. The most common disease in MND spectrum is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We describe the case of an ALS-like syndrome in a HIV patient.

Colonic cryptococcosis as a rare presentation in HIV infection: a case report and review of the literature.

Colonic cryptococcal infection is unusual in people living with HIV (PLWH) and even more so without concomitant neurological compromise. Published case reports describe diarrhea and other intestinal manifestations that are often confused with systemic tuberculosis infection. We describe an Peruvian woman living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy who presented hypotensive with a 6-month history of fever and epigastric pain, in addition to episodes of sporadic diarrhea.

Hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in a person living with HIV.

We report the case of a 38 year-old man living with well-controlled HIV on antiretroviral therapy who developed cerebellar symptoms and was admitted to hospital for management of an intraventricular cryptococcoma. During his hospital stay he contracted SARS CoV-2 infection within the hospital setting with a fatal outcome.