Spatial Analysis of Prediabetes and Associated Risk Factor Prevalence Among Late Adolescents in San Luis Potosí, México.

Introduction The prevalence of prediabetes is increasing worldwide. However, the determinants that contribute to its onset in young individuals remain poorly understood. An essential aspect of directing control and preventive initiatives is comprehending the geographical distribution of these disorders and pinpointing regions with a high prevalence.

Function and expression of N-acetyltransferases 1 and 2 are altered in lymphocytes in type 2 diabetes and obesity.

The cytosolic enzymes N-Acetyl Transferases 1 and 2 (NATs) transfer an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to a xenobiotic substrate. NATs are regulated at the genetic and epigenetic levels by deacetylase enzymes such as sirtuins. The enzymatic expression of NAT1, NAT2, and SIRT1 was evaluated by flow cytometry, as well as the enzymatic activity of NATs by cell culture and HPLC analysis.

miR-21, miR-221, miR-29 and miR-34 are distinguishable molecular features of a metabolically unhealthy phenotype in young adults.

Discrepancies between the measurement of body mass index (BMI) and metabolic health status have been described for the onset of metabolic diseases. Studying novel biomarkers, some of which are associated with metabolic syndrome, can help us to understand the differences between metabolic health (MetH) and BMI. A group of 1469 young adults with pre-specified anthropometric and blood biochemical parameters were selected.

Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) in childhood obesity: association with gene expression of RAGE and cardiometabolic markers.

Introduction: advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) interact with the receptor for AGEs (RAGE). Full-length RAGE is associated with intracellular signal transduction, and soluble-RAGE (sRAGE) lacks the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, acting as a competitive inhibitor of AGEs-RAGE binding. sRAGE levels in healthy children are associated with cell surface expression of RAGE.

Altered Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 and miR-1290 Levels in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Pilot Study.

Background/aim: Arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 and 2 (NAT1 and NAT2) are drug-metabolizing enzymes that play a key role in the development of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Materials And Methods: This study evaluated NAT1 and NAT2 mRNA and protein expression and their enzymatic activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with ALL (n=20) and healthy children (n=19) and explored the mechanisms that regulate these enzymes in ALL such as microRNAs (miR-1290, miR-26b) and SNPs.

Results: PBMC from patients with ALL showed a decrease in NAT1 mRNA and protein expression.

Nutritional, biochemical, and clinical determinants of hyperuricemia in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: Relationship with clinical and renal disease activity.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the prototypical autoimmune disease considered as an independent risk factor for mortality by cardiovascular disease. Currently, uric acid is described as a novel biomarker associated with cardiometabolic risk. However, nutritional and serum determinants that influence hyperuricemia development in autoimmune diseases have not been fully elucidated.

[Distribution of triglycerides and glucose (TyG) index and homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance for the evaluation of insulin sensitivity on late adolescence in Mexicans].

Introduction: when peripheral tissues don't respond well to insulin action, it is defined as insulin resistance (IR). Many methods and indices are available for the estimation of IR, among them the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) involves fasting plasma glucose and insulin. Nevertheless, the TyG index has a methodological advantage over the HOMA-IR because it requires only measurements provided by routine laboratory tests.

Visceral adiposity index is a better predictor to discriminate metabolic syndrome than other classical adiposity indices among young adults.

Background: Visceral adiposity index (VAI) has been identified as a cardiometabolic risk marker in children and adolescents which reflects abdominal fat distribution. The aim of the present study was to evaluated the predictive capacity of VAI, a body shape index (ABSI), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and triglycerides and glucose index (TyG index) compared with classical anthropometric measurements to discriminate metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Methods: This retrospective study included 1372 individuals.

Implementation and evaluation of an educational intervention to prevent risk factors for the development of non-communicable diseases in Mexican families of suburban communities.

Non-communicable diseases (NCD), are not transmitted from person to person, are long-lasting and usually of slow evolution. Worldwide cause 71% deaths, in Mexico during 2016 were the cause of 80% of registered deaths; population in socioeconomic disadvantage is more vulnerable. It is urgent to develop strategies that can prevent NCD, thus, the objective of this study was to design, implement and evaluate an educational intervention strategy (EI), to prevent and control risk factors for the development NCD in families of two vulnerable communities.

A preliminary study on health impacts of Mexican mercury mining workers in a context of precarious employment.

Mercury mining is one of the main sources of mercury (Hg) release into the environment, causing serious impacts on human health and the environment. Workers in these mines are employed informally and precariously and therefore lack labor rights such as social security. The objective of the study is to make visible the exposure to environmental contaminants and the health of workers in mercury mines.

Polymorphisms of the genes , and and their relation with hyperuricemia and hypercholesterolemia in Mexican young adults.

Hyperuricemia is a pathological condition associated with risk factors of cardiovascular disease. In this study, three genetic polymorphisms were genotyped as predisposing factors of hyperuricemia. A total of 860 Mexicans (129 cases and 731 controls) between 18 and 25 years of age were genotyped for the  (Q191K),   (517G>A), and  (518T>C) polymorphisms, as predisposing factors of hyperuricemia.

Association of BCAT2 and BCKDH polymorphisms with clinical, anthropometric and biochemical parameters in young adults.

Background And Aim: Circulating amino acids are modified by sex, body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance (IR). However, whether the presence of genetic variants in branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) catabolic enzymes modifies circulating amino acids is still unknown. Thus, we determined the frequency of two genetic variants, one in the branched-chain aminotransferase 2 (BCAT2) gene (rs11548193), and one in the branched-chain ketoacid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) gene (rs45500792), and elucidated their impact on circulating amino acid levels together with clinical, anthropometric and biochemical parameters.

Association between birthweight, cardiovascular risk factors, and depression in young Mexican adults.

Background: the aim of this study was to investigate the association between birthweight, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and depression in young Mexican adults. Methods: birthweight reports, family history of CVD and diabetes-related diseases, anthropometrics, serum lipid profile (total cholesterol [TC], triglycerides [TG], high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol [HDL-C], low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol [LDL-C], and very-low density lipoprotein-cholesterol [VLDL-C]), and depressive symptoms were measured in 778 subjects of the UP-AMIGOS cohort study. To investigate the association between birthweight categories and CVD risk factors and depression, a one-way analysis of variance with post-hoc test was performed of quantitative variables, and 2 test for qualitative variables.

[Prevalence of prediabetes and its comorbidities in the Mexican pediatric population].

Background: prediabetes is a state observed before type-2 diabetes. Nowadays the obesity epidemic could be due to a rise in the incidence of prediabetes. Mexico has public policies for the management of non-communicable diseases.

Clinical utility of ABCB1 and ABCG2 genotyping for assessing the clinical and pathological response to FAC therapy in Mexican breast cancer patients.

Purpose: Resistance to neoadjuvant chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide (FAC) in some patients with locally advanced breast cancer remains one of the main obstacles to first-line treatment. We investigated clinical and pathological responses to FAC neoadjuvant chemotherapy in Mexican women with breast cancer and their possible association with SNPs present in ABC transporters as predictors of chemoresistance.

Materials: A total of 102 patients undergoing FAC neoadjuvant chemotherapy were included in the study.

Bioremoval of Cobalt(II) from Aqueous Solution by Three Different and Resistant Fungal Biomasses.

The biosorption of Co(II) on three fungal biomasses: sp., sp., and , was studied in this work.

Neck Circumference and Its Association with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Pediatric Population.

To identify the relationship between neck circumference (NC) and cardiometabolic risk factors in children. Children and adolescents 6-18 years old (n = 548) from five counties of San Luis Potosí, México were included. Data was collected for biological markers (glucose and lipid profile) and anthropometric and clinical measurements-weight, height, NC, waist circumference (WC), and blood pressure (BP).

Expression of CD73 and A2A receptors in cells from subjects with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Regulatory T cells have various mechanisms to suppress the inflammatory response, among these, the modulation of the microenvironment through adenosine and with the participation of CD39, CD73 and A2A. The aim of this study was to assess the expression of CD73 and A2A in immune cells and the effect of activation of A2A by an adenosine analogue on apoptosis in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). CD73 and A2A expression were analyzed by flow cytometry in lymphocyte subpopulations from patients with obesity (n = 22), T2D (n = 22), and healthy subjects (n = 20).

[Causes of diabetic patients' indifference towards treatment, diet and monitoring and possible factors associated with such disease].

Objectives: Analyze the causes of detachment to diet and treatment of patients with diabetes and factors associated with disease such as family history of diabetes and hypertension, in patients from one municipality of San Luis Potosi, Mexico, and surrounding areas.

Methods: Descriptive study of variables such as age, sex, schooling level, occupation, family history of diabetes and hypertension, causes of detachment to diet and treatment; analytic for groups in terms of the risk of diabetes according to socio demographic and family history.

Results: Of the 156 patients included main causes of detachment or abandonment of the indicated treatment and/or were the oblivion and insistence on restricted food intake.

Atherogenic indices and prehypertension in obese and non-obese children.

We evaluate the relationship between different lipoproteins and atherogenic indices with pre-hypertension in 297 obese and 942 non-obese children with Tanner stage 1 enrolled in a multicentre, community-based cross-sectional study. Height, weight, fasting glucose and insulin levels, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), non-HDL-c, LDL/HDL-c, triglycerides/cholesterol and total cholesterol/HDL-c ratios were measured. Mean age was 8.

Expression and function of P2X(7) receptor and CD39/Entpd1 in patients with type 2 diabetes and their association with biochemical parameters.

Chronic inflammation is an important contributor to the insulin resistance observed in type 2 diabetes (T2D). We evaluated the expression and function of the P2X(7) receptor and CD39/Entpd1, molecules involved in the cellular regulation of inflammation, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from T2D patients, and their correlation with the concentration of HbA1c in blood. T2D patients with deficient metabolic control (DC) showed increased proportion of P2X(7)(+) cells compared with healthy individuals; T2D-DC subjects also displayed higher proportion of CD14(+), CD4(+) and CD19(+) subpopulations of P2X(7)(+) cells when compared with T2D patients with acceptable metabolic control.