Depth-Specific Hypoxic Responses to Spreading Depolarizations in Gyrencephalic Swine Cortex Unveiled by Photoacoustic Imaging.

Spreading depolarizations (SDs) are a marker of brain injury and have a causative effect on ischemic lesion progression. The hemodynamic responses elicited by SDs are contingent upon the metabolic integrity of the affected tissue, with vasoconstrictive reactions leading to pronounced hypoxia often indicating poor outcomes. The stratification of hemodynamic responses within different cortical layers remains poorly characterized.

Non-Invasive Estimation of Machining Parameters during End-Milling Operations Based on Acoustic Emission.

This work presents a non-invasive and low-cost alternative to traditional methods for measuring the performance of machining processes directly on existing machine tools. A prototype measuring system has been developed based on non-contact microphones, a custom designed signal conditioning board and signal processing techniques that take advantage of the underlying physics of the machining process. Experiments have been conducted to estimate the depth of cut during end-milling process by means of the measurement of the acoustic emission energy generated during operation.

Evaluation of bone densitometry by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry as a fracture prediction tool in women with chronic kidney disease.

Background: The 2017 KDIGO guidelines establish a 2B grade recommendation in favor of testing Bone Mineral Density (BMD) by DXA to assess osteoporotic fracture (OPF) risk in patients with CKD G3a-G5D. Still, controversy remains because large studies evaluating it for this particular population are lacking.

Aim: To establish the clinical performance of BMD measured by DXA in the evaluation of fracture risk in women with CKD.

Evaluation of Perioperative High-Sensitive Cardiac Troponin I as a Predictive Biomarker of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events After Noncardiac Surgery.

Background: Various studies suggest that perioperative concentrations of high-sensitivity troponins are incremental and predictive factors of a major adverse cardiac event (MACE) and all-cause mortality.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the predictive value of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) in the development of MACE and all-cause mortality, within 30-days and 1-year follow-up after noncardiac surgery.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we included men ≥ 45 years and women ≥ 55 years with ≥ 2 cardiovascular risk factors and undergoing intermediate or high-risk noncardiac surgery.

EVALUATION OF PERIOPERATIVE HIGH-SENSITIVE CARDIAC TROPONIN I AS A PREDICTIVE BIOMARKER OF MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS AFTER NONCARDIAC SURGERY.

Background: Various studies suggest that perioperative concentrations of high-sensitivity troponins are incremental and predictive factors of a major adverse cardiac event (MACE) and all-cause mortality.

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the predictive value of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) in the development of MACE and all-cause mortality, within 30-days and 1-year follow-up after noncardiac surgery.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, we included men ≥ 45 years and women ≥ 55 years with ≥ 2 cardiovascular risk factors and undergoing intermediate or high-risk noncardiac surgery.

Association of serum vitamin D levels with chronic disease and mortality.

Introduction: whether hypovitaminosis D is an overarching cause of increased mortality or a prognostic marker of poor health has not been well elucidated. Objectives: we sought to determine the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH)-D3] levels with the clinical biochemical parameters and mortality risk in chronic diseases. Methods: we reviewed the clinical charts and collected the clinical biochemical parameters of patients diagnosed with chronic conditions who had at least one 25-(OH)-D3 determination, with or without calcium and vitamin D supplementation, and who were selected using a cluster random sampling design (n = 1,705).

Association of Grit Scores With Treatment Adherence and Biomarkers in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.

This cohort study analyzes the association of grit scores with treatment adherence, as measured with a survey and biomarker levels, among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Quality of life is significantly impaired in both secretory and non-functioning pituitary adenomas.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of life (QoL) in patients with pituitary adenomas in comparison with healthy Mexican population QoL scores.

Design & Measurements: Cross-sectional study using the short form 36 questionnaire (SF-36) in 175 patients with pituitary adenomas grouped by adenoma subtype and disease activity, and compared them with the healthy Mexican population normative QoL scores.

Patients: A total of 44 patients with non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPA), 48 with acromegaly, 53 with prolactinomas and 30 with Cushing disease (CD) were enrolled in this study.

Calculated Versus Measured Urine Osmolarity: Accuracy of Estimated Urine Density.

Background: Urine osmolarity (OsmU) is the gold standard for the evaluation of the kidney's urine concentration capacity; nevertheless, urinary density (UD) is often used as a surrogate for its estimation.

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the accuracy of UD in estimating OsmU.

Materials And Methods: A transversal study including patients with simultaneous determination of UD measured with refractometry and OsmU measured by osmometer (OsmUm).

Evaluation of noise environments during daily activities of university students.

Noise conditions specifically in areas inside university facilities and its impact on the quality of life of university students are topics that have received little attention. This paper presents a study of the noise conditions in which university students of various institutions in Madrid, Spain, carry out their daily studies. A representative number of measurements was carried out using noise dosemeters and dataloggers in order to evaluate the levels of noise, noise dose and exposure to noise during school periods and extracurricular activities.